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Somji M, Solomon T. Use of a fractional 1570-nm diode laser scanner for non-ablative face and neck rejuvenation. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024; 23 Suppl 1:19-26. [PMID: 38587300 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of non-ablative fractionated lasers for skin rejuvenation has been proven to be effective in improving skin texture, and has become popular due to minimal wounding, significantly shorter recovery times and decreased adverse effects. OBJECTIVE To retrospectively analyze improvement in skin texture in healthy women aged over 18 years with Fitzpatrick skin types II-IV. METHODS Participants received three facial and/or neck treatments with the 1570-nm fractional scanning diode laser at 1-month intervals. Three months after the last treatment session two blinded evaluators assessed skin improvement using before and after photos. Pain and patient satisfaction were recorded. RESULTS Sixteen women with a mean age of 45.4 ± 4.1 years (range 35-50 years) and skin type II-IV were included in the analysis. All 16 participants received facial treatments and seven (43.8%) also received neck treatments. Three months follow-up evaluation showed that the majority of participants had a visible change in the treated areas. Mean pain score was low and decreased with each treatment session. CONCLUSION Skin treatment using fractional scanning 1570-nm diode laser improves skin laxity in women with skin types II-IV. Larger studies are warranted to further clarify the efficacy and safety of this modality.
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Zhang MX, Hu X, Wang Y, Chen L, Shao WN, Chen CY, Xu FW, Gu ZC, Tan WQ. Evaluation of combining ultrapulse CO 2 with fractional CO 2 laser for the treatment of atrophic scars in Asians. Lasers Med Sci 2024; 39:89. [PMID: 38453744 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-024-04012-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Various treatment modalities have been applied to atrophic scars. Fractional CO2 laser treatment has attracted increasingly more attention because of its quicker recovery time and fewer side effects. However, its limitation of sculpting the edge is an urgent shortcoming. In order to achieve a more effective result with fewer complications, we have integrated ultrapulse CO2 and fractional CO2 lasers to for the treatment of facial atrophic scars. The study included 25 patients (10 males and 15 females) diagnosed with moderate to severe atrophic scars between August 2020 and July 2022. All subjects underwent the same surgical treatment. The effects were assessed at baseline, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months using photographic evidence. Objective evaluation of the results was conducted using a quartile grading scale, while the subjects' satisfaction and any adverse events were also recorded. The patients in the study underwent more than two laser sessions (2-5), resulting in substantial improvement in their appearance. The time interval between each session was 3-6 months. The majority of the patients (19/25, 76%) had a significant or even excellent improvement. Any adverse events observed, such as erythema, superficial crusting, and PIH, were of a mild nature and temporary in duration. This treatment combined two CO2 lasers is an effective and safe choice for atrophic scars in Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Xia Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Qingchun East Road 3#, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Hu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Qingchun East Road 3#, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Qingchun East Road 3#, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Qingchun East Road 3#, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Na Shao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Ye Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Qingchun East Road 3#, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fa-Wei Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Qingchun East Road 3#, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Chun Gu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Qingchun East Road 3#, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Qiang Tan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Qingchun East Road 3#, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310000, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
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Kim EY, Wong JH, Hussain A, Khachemoune A. Evidence-based management of cutaneous scarring in dermatology part 2: atrophic acne scarring. Arch Dermatol Res 2023; 316:19. [PMID: 38059974 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-023-02737-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Atrophic acne scars are the most common type of acne scars and are classified into three main types: icepick, boxcar, and rolling scars. Various procedures and techniques for atrophic acne scarring are discussed in detail, with stronger evidence-based support for lasers (non-fractional, fractional, ablative, and non-ablative), platelet-rich plasma as adjunctive treatment, chemical peels (glycolic acid, trichloroacetic acid, and Jessner's solution), dermal fillers such as hyaluronic acid, and microneedling, and lesser quality evidence for microdermabrasion, subcision, and lipoaspirate grafting. Further research is needed to optimize treatment protocols, assess the efficacy of monotherapies, and establish standardized guidelines for clinicians. This paper will provide a comprehensive review of the evidence-based management of atrophic acne scars, including currently commonly utilized therapies as well as more innovative treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Y Kim
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jasmine H Wong
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Aamir Hussain
- Galaria Plastic Surgery and Dermatology, LLC, Chantilly, VA, USA
| | - Amor Khachemoune
- Department of Dermatology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, SUNY Downstate, 800 Poly Place, Brooklyn, NY, 11209, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, Veterans Affairs New York Harbor Healthcare System, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
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Hu S, Atmakuri M, Rosenberg J. Adverse Events of Nonablative Lasers and Energy-Based Therapies in Subjects with Fitzpatrick Skin Phototypes IV to VI: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Aesthet Surg J 2022; 42:537-547. [PMID: 35019139 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjab398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although there is an abundance of literature on nonablative laser and energy-based therapies for the management of skin conditions, adverse events are inconsistently addressed and range widely across studies. Fitzpatrick skin phototypes (SPTs) IV to VI are believed to be at higher risk. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the types and rates of adverse events in nonablative laser and energy-based therapies among patients with SPTs IV to VI. METHODS Articles addressing nonablative laser and energy-based therapies for skin rejuvenation and acne scarring in patients with SPTs IV to VI that provided data on adverse events were included. The pooled prevalence of each adverse event was calculated. To determine whether age, treatment indication, SPT, and device type influenced incidence, subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed. Heterogeneity was evaluated with the I2 statistic. RESULTS Forty-three studies were included in the meta-analysis. The sample size was 1654, and the median age of subjects was 39.4 years. The most common adverse events were postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) (rate, 8.1%) and prolonged erythema (rate, 0.6%). The rate of PIH was significantly higher for diode and erbium-doped lasers compared with intense pulsed light and radiofrequency. PIH correlated positively with SPT, laser density, and total energy delivered. CONCLUSIONS Although the overall rate of adverse events in nonablative laser and energy-based therapies for SPTs IV to VI is low, the incidence of PIH is not insignificant. Certain lasers, such as diode, Q-switched Nd:YAG, and erbium-doped lasers, tend to have higher rates of PIH, whereas intense pulsed light and radiofrequency have minimal risk. Higher SPTs and higher energy deliverance correlate positively with the incidence of PIH. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Malika Atmakuri
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Facial Plastic Surgery, Kaiser Permanente-San Rafael Medical Center, San Rafael, CA, USA
| | - Joshua Rosenberg
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Facial Plastic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil S. Sadick
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrea Cardona
- Residente de tercer año, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota, Columbia
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Pogue BW, Wilson BC. Optical and x-ray technology synergies enabling diagnostic and therapeutic applications in medicine. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2018; 23:1-17. [PMID: 30350489 PMCID: PMC6197862 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.23.12.121610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
X-ray and optical technologies are the two central pillars for human imaging and therapy. The strengths of x-rays are deep tissue penetration, effective cytotoxicity, and the ability to image with robust projection and computed-tomography methods. The major limitations of x-ray use are the lack of molecular specificity and the carcinogenic risk. In comparison, optical interactions with tissue are strongly scatter dominated, leading to limited tissue penetration, making imaging and therapy largely restricted to superficial or endoscopically directed tissues. However, optical photon energies are comparable with molecular energy levels, thereby providing the strength of intrinsic molecular specificity. Additionally, optical technologies are highly advanced and diversified, being ubiquitously used throughout medicine as the single largest technology sector. Both have dominant spatial localization value, achieved with optical surface scanning or x-ray internal visualization, where one often is used with the other. Therapeutic delivery can also be enhanced by their synergy, where radio-optical and optical-radio interactions can inform about dose or amplify the clinical therapeutic value. An emerging trend is the integration of nanoparticles to serve as molecular intermediates or energy transducers for imaging and therapy, requiring careful design for the interaction either by scintillation or Cherenkov light, and the nanoscale design is impacted by the choices of optical interaction mechanism. The enhancement of optical molecular sensing or sensitization of tissue using x-rays as the energy source is an important emerging field combining x-ray tissue penetration in radiation oncology with the molecular specificity and packaging of optical probes or molecular localization. The ways in which x-rays can enable optical procedures, or optics can enable x-ray procedures, provide a range of new opportunities in both diagnostic and therapeutic medicine. Taken together, these two technologies form the basis for the vast majority of diagnostics and therapeutics in use in clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian W. Pogue
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States
| | - Brian C. Wilson
- University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Elsaie ML, Ibrahim SM, Saudi W. Ablative Fractional 10 600 nm Carbon Dioxide Laser Versus Non-ablative Fractional 1540 nm Erbium-Glass Laser in Egyptian Post-acne Scar patients. J Lasers Med Sci 2017; 9:32-35. [PMID: 29399309 DOI: 10.15171/jlms.2018.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Non-ablative fractional erbium-doped glass 1540 nm and fractional ablative 10600 nm carbon dioxide lasers are regarded as effective modalities for treating acne atrophic scars. In this study, we aimed to compare the effectiveness of fractional CO2 laser and fractional nonablative 1540 nm erbium doped glass laser in treating post acne atrophic scars in Egyptian patients. Methods: Fifty-eight patients complaining of moderate and severe acne atrophic scars were randomly divided into 2 groups of 29 patients each. Both groups were subjected to 4 treatment sessions with 3 weeks interval and were followed up for 3 months. In group A, enrolled patient sreceived C2 laser, while in group B, patients were treated with 1540 nm erbium glass fractional laser. Results: Clinical assessment revealed that the mean grades of progress and improvement were higher with fractional 10600 nm CO2 laser but with non-significant difference between both treatments (P = 0.1). The overall patients' satisfaction with both lasers were not significantly different (P = 0.44). Conclusion: Both fractional ablative CO2 and fractional non-ablative erbium glass lasers are good modalities for treating acne scars with a high efficacy and safety profile and good patient satisfaction. The fractional ablative laser showed higher efficacy while non-ablative laser offered less pain and shorter downtime.
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Vera N, Patel N, Cardwell LA, Saleem M, Feldman SR. Chemical pharmacotherapy options for managing adult acne. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2017; 18:263-273. [PMID: 28081648 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2017.1282460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The incidence of adult acne is increasing worldwide. Despite clinical overlap with conventional acne, it has distinct features. Areas covered: A literature search of English-language review articles, randomized control studies and retrospective studies conducted over the past 30 years was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar. Search terms included acne, adult, topical medication, oral medication and skin of color. We highlight important clinical features and treatment modalities pertinent to the evaluation and management of adult acne. Given the relative dearth of literature detailing treatment options specific to adult acne, we offer expert opinion regarding management of the condition especially in special populations such as skin of color and pregnancy. Expert Opinion: It is unclear whether adult acne represents a distinct entity or a continuum of adolescent disease. Providers may opt to use topical medication as first-line, but should have a low threshold for switching to systemic therapy given the magnitude of psychosocial and emotional burden associated with the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Vera
- a Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , NC , USA
| | - Nupur Patel
- a Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , NC , USA
| | - Leah A Cardwell
- a Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , NC , USA
| | - Mohammed Saleem
- a Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , NC , USA
| | - Steven R Feldman
- a Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , NC , USA.,b Department of Pathology , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , NC , USA.,c Department of Public Health Sciences , Wake Forest School of Medicine , Winston-Salem , NC , USA
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Wat H, Wu DC, Chan HHL. Fractional resurfacing in the Asian patient: Current state of the art. Lasers Surg Med 2016; 49:45-59. [PMID: 27605303 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Fractionated photothermolysis (FP) has revolutionized modern laser technology. By creating selective columns of microthermal damage, fractionated devices allows for greater treatment depths to be achieved without the prolonged downtime and risk of complications seen in traditional fully ablative laser resurfacing. Fractional resurfacing is a proven method to treat a variety of cutaneous conditions. In the Caucasian patient, a wide range of devices and treatment settings can be utilized safely and effectively. However, ethnic skin requires special consideration due to its unique pigmentary characteristics and clinical presentations. In this review article, we detail the current indications and strategies to optimize results and mitigate complications when utilizing fractional resurfacing for the Asian patient. METHODS A review of the MEDLINE English literature was conducted on fractionated laser devices studied in the Asian population. Articles included describe non-ablative devices including fractionated erbium glass, thulium fiber, diode, and radiofrequency devices; and ablative devices including fractionated carbon dioxide (CO2 ) laser, erbium yttrium aluminum garnet and yttrium scandium gallium garnet (YSGG) laser. These data were integrated with the expert opinion of the authors. CONCLUSION Taking into account the unique characteristics and cosmetic concerns of the Asian population, fractional resurfacing can be considered a safe and effective option for the treatment of atrophic and hypertrophic scarring, and photorejuvenation in ethnic skin types. Select cases of melasma may be treated with fractionated non-ablative devices, but utilized with caution. The predominant complication associated with fractional resurfacing for these conditions is post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) and rebound worsening of melasma. A greater number of treatments at lower density settings and wider treatment intervals typically produce the lowest risks of PIH without compromising treatment efficacy. Lasers Surg. Med. 49:45-59, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Wat
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2G3
| | - Douglas C Wu
- Goldman, Butterwick, Groff, Fabi, and Wu Cosmetic Laser Dermatology, San Diego, California, 92121
| | - Henry Hin Lee Chan
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.,Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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You HJ, Kim DW, Yoon ES, Park SH. Comparison of four different lasers for acne scars: Resurfacing and fractional lasers. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2016; 69:e87-95. [PMID: 26880620 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2015.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acne scars are common and cause cosmetic problems. There is a multitude of treatment options for acne scars, including dermabrasion, chemical peeling, and fillers, but the advent of laser technology has greatly improved the treatment of acne scars. Although several laser systems are available, studies comparing their efficacy are limited. This study compares the results of treatments using resurfacing (carbon dioxide, CO2; erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet, Er:YAG) versus fractional (nonablative fractional laser, NAFL; ablative fractional laser, AFL) lasers. METHODS A retrospective photographic analysis of 58 patients who underwent laser treatment for facial atrophic acne scars was performed. Clinical improvement was assessed by six blinded investigators with a scale graded from 0 to 10. Adverse events were also noted. RESULTS Mean improvement scores of the CO2, Er:YAG, NAFL, and AFL groups were 6.0, 5.8, 2.2, and 5.2, respectively. The NAFL group showed a significantly lower score than the other groups. The mean number of treatments was significantly greater in the fractional laser groups than in the resurfacing laser groups. The resurfacing laser groups had a prolonged recovery period and high risk of complications. The Er:YAG laser caused less erythema or pigmentation compared to the CO2 laser. CONCLUSIONS Although the CO2 laser, Er:YAG laser, and AFL improved the acne scars, the CO2 laser had a greater downtime. Three consecutive AFL treatments are as effective as a single treatment with resurfacing lasers, with shorter social downtime periods and less adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hi-Jin You
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok-Woo Kim
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eul-Sik Yoon
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ha Park
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Al-Dhalimi M, Jaber A. Treatment of atrophic facial acne scars with fractional Er:Yag laser. J COSMET LASER THER 2015; 17:184-8. [DOI: 10.3109/14764172.2015.1007067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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12
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Nilforoushzadeh MA, Minaravesh S, Jaffary F, Siadat AH, Haftbaradaran E. Comparison the efficacy of ablative CO2 laser and fractional CO2 laser on the healing of cutaneous leishmaniasis scars. Adv Biomed Res 2015; 3:259. [PMID: 25625098 PMCID: PMC4298882 DOI: 10.4103/2277-9175.148231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study is to compare ablative CO2 laser with fractional CO2 laser on healing of the wound and the size of cutaneous leishmaniasis scars. Materials and Methods: This prospective randomized clinical trial study was done on 120 patients in two groups evaluated in Sedigheh Tahereh Hospital in Isfahan. The patients in case group underwent one session ablative CO2 laser for treatment of leishmaniasis scars and the patients in control group underwent six 3-weeks interval sessions fractional CO2 laser for treatment of leishmaniasis scars. All cases were evaluated from size and other aspects of scar by a questionnaire, and before and 6 months after photos were evaluated by blinded dermatologist. The data collected in the check list was then analyzed by t-test and Chi-square with SPSS 20. Results: There were 60 people in case group and 60 in control group. The mean age was 27.21 ± 11.2. Our results show that fractional CO2 laser is better than ablative CO2 laser in various aspect of treatment of leishmaniasis scars (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Fractional CO2 laser is better than ablative CO2 laser in variants aspect of treatment of leishmaniasis scars.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shahriar Minaravesh
- General Physician, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fariba Jaffary
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Siadat
- Skin Diseases and Leishmaniasis Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elaheh Haftbaradaran
- Skin Diseases and Leishmaniasis Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Majid I, Imran S. Fractional CO2 Laser Resurfacing as Monotherapy in the Treatment of Atrophic Facial Acne Scars. J Cutan Aesthet Surg 2014; 7:87-92. [PMID: 25136208 PMCID: PMC4134658 DOI: 10.4103/0974-2077.138326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While laser resurfacing remains the most effective treatment option for atrophic acne scars, the high incidence of post-treatment adverse effects limits its use. Fractional laser photothermolysis attempts to overcome these limitations of laser resurfacing by creating microscopic zones of injury to the dermis with skip areas in between. AIM The aim of the present study is to assess the efficacy and safety of fractional CO2 laser resurfacing in atrophic facial acne scars. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty patients with moderate to severe atrophic facial acne scars were treated with 3-4 sessions of fractional CO2 laser resurfacing at 6-week intervals. The therapeutic response to treatment was assessed at each follow up visit and then finally 6 months after the last laser session using a quartile grading scale. Response to treatment was labelled as 'excellent' if there was >50% improvement in scar appearance and texture of skin on the grading scale while 25-50% response and <25% improvement were labelled as 'good' and 'poor' response, respectively. The overall satisfaction of the patients and any adverse reactions to the treatment were also noted. RESULTS Most of the patients showed a combination of different morphological types of acne scars. At the time of final assessment 6 months after the last laser session, an excellent response was observed in 26 patients (43.3%) while 15 (25%) and 19 patients (31.7%) demonstrated a good and poor response respectively. Rolling and superficial boxcar scars responded the best while pitted scars responded the least to fractional laser monotherapy. The commonest reported adverse effect was transient erythema and crusting lasting for an average of 3-4 and 4-6 days, respectively while three patients developed post-inflammatory pigmentation lasting for 8-12 weeks. CONCLUSIONS Fractional laser resurfacing as monotherapy is effective in treating acne scars especially rolling and superficial boxcar scars with minimal adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Majid
- Cutis Skin and Laser Institute, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Saher Imran
- Cutis Skin and Laser Institute, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Sardana K, Manjhi M, Garg VK, Sagar V. Which type of atrophic acne scar (ice-pick, boxcar, or rolling) responds to nonablative fractional laser therapy? Dermatol Surg 2014; 40:288-300. [PMID: 24447255 DOI: 10.1111/dsu.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have examined the role of fractional lasers in individual acne scars (ice-pick, box car, rolling) using objective assessment tools in darkly pigmented skin. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of 1,540-nm fractional lasers on individual acne scars. METHODS AND MATERIALS A prospective interventional study was conducted in 35 patients using a 1,540-nm fractional laser. Six sessions were performed with four passes per session and a dose varying from 70 to 100 mJ to maximize the DWR. A self-devised objective assessment tool with dose settings to optimize the depth-to-width ratio (DWR) and a visual analog scale (VAS) were used to count individual atrophic scars. Final results were assessed 6 months after final laser treatment. RESULTS Acne scar reduction efficiency was used to validate the improvement of individual scars, a meaningful difference was considered as 51% or greater improvement. The boxcar scars (52.9%) responded better than the rolling (43.1%) and ice-pick scars (25.9%), with statistically significant improvement (p < .05) seen in boxcar scars after four sessions. Overall VAS scores revealed significant improvement (p < .001). CONCLUSION Using an objective evaluation tool, an erbium-doped glass laser was found to improve atrophic acne scars, markedly so for boxcar and rolling scars. The VAS score overestimated improvement because of its subjective nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kabir Sardana
- Department of Dermatology and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Maulana Azad Medical College and Lok Nayak Hospital, Delhi, India
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15
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Choudhary S, McLeod M, Meshkov L, Nouri K. Lasers in the treatment of acne scars. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1586/edm.10.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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16
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Clinical and histopathological evaluation of percutaneous collagen induction (dermaroller) in the treatment of postacne scars. JOURNAL OF THE EGYPTIAN WOMEN’S DERMATOLOGIC SOCIETY 2013. [DOI: 10.1097/01.ewx.0000432504.85255.ec] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Lee SM, Kim MS, Kim YJ, Won CH, Lee MW, Choi JH, Moon KC, Chang SE. Adverse events of non-ablative fractional laser photothermolysis: a retrospective study of 856 treatments in 362 patients. J DERMATOL TREAT 2013; 25:304-7. [DOI: 10.3109/09546634.2013.777151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sang Min Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Pureen Skin Clinic,
Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Youn Jin Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Pureen Skin Clinic,
Seoul, Korea
| | - Chong Hyun Won
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Pureen Skin Clinic,
Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Woo Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Pureen Skin Clinic,
Seoul, Korea
| | - Jee Ho Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Pureen Skin Clinic,
Seoul, Korea
| | - Kee Chan Moon
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Pureen Skin Clinic,
Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Eun Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Pureen Skin Clinic,
Seoul, Korea
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Hsiao PF, Lin YC, Huang CC, Wu YH. Efficacy and safety of a single treatment using a 10,600-nm carbon dioxide fractional laser for mild-to-moderate atrophic acne scars in Asian skin. DERMATOL SIN 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dsi.2012.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Saedi N, Jalian HR, Petelin A, Zachary C. Fractionation: past, present, future. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 31:105-9. [PMID: 22640430 DOI: 10.1016/j.sder.2012.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The development of fractional photothermolysis is a milestone in the history of laser technology and cutaneous resurfacing. Based on the concept that skin is treated in a fractional manner, where narrow cylinders of tissue are thermally heated and normal adjacent skin is left unaffected, the fractional devices have shown effectiveness in treating a variety of conditions. Since its development, we are becoming more adept at using optimal parameters to induce near carbon dioxide laser benefits with a much more comfortable postoperative period and fewer complications. The future remains bright for fractionated laser devices and with new devices and wavelengths, the applications of this technology continue to grow.
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Yun JH, Kim JH, Choi JS, Roh JY, Lee JR. Treatment of Dowling-Degos disease with fractional Er:YAG laser. J COSMET LASER THER 2013; 15:336-9. [DOI: 10.3109/14764172.2013.764437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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21
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Chan NPY, Lee Chan HH. Lasers for Treatment of Ethnic Skin. Dermatol Surg 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118412633.ch57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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22
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Sardana K, Garg VK, Arora P, Khurana N. Histological validity and clinical evidence for use of fractional lasers for acne scars. J Cutan Aesthet Surg 2012; 5:75-90. [PMID: 23060702 PMCID: PMC3461801 DOI: 10.4103/0974-2077.99431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Though fractional lasers are widely used for acne scars, very little clinical or histological data based on the objective clinical assessment or the depth of penetration of lasers on in vivo facial tissue are available. The depth probably is the most important aspect that predicts the improvement in acne scars but the studies on histology have little uniformity in terms of substrate (tissue) used, processing and stains used. The variability of the laser setting (dose, pulses and density) makes comparison of the studies difficult. It is easier to compare the end results, histological depth and clinical results. We analysed all the published clinical and histological studies on fractional lasers in acne scars and analysed the data, both clinical and histological, by statistical software to decipher their significance. On statistical analysis, the depth was found to be variable with the 1550-nm lasers achieving a depth of 679 μm versus 10,600 nm (895 μm) and 2940 nm (837 μm) lasers. The mean depth of penetration (in μm) in relation to the energy used, in millijoules (mj), varies depending on the laser studied. This was statistically found to be 12.9–28.5 for Er:glass, 3–54.38 for Er:YAG and 6.28–53.66 for CO2. The subjective clinical improvement was a modest 46%. The lack of objective evaluation of clinical improvement and scar-specific assessment with the lack of appropriate in vivo studies is a case for combining conventional modalities like subcision, punch excision and needling with fractional lasers to achieve optimal results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kabir Sardana
- Department of Dermatology, Maulana Azad Medical College and Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India
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23
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Bencini PL, Tourlaki A, Galimberti M, Longo C, Pellacani G, De Giorgi V, Guerriero G. Nonablative fractional photothermolysis for acne scars: clinical and in vivo microscopic documentation of treatment efficacy. Dermatol Ther 2012; 25:463-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8019.2012.01478.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Caterina Longo
- Dermatology Unit; 1st Medical Department; Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova; Reggio Emilia
| | - Giovanni Pellacani
- Department of Dermatology; Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia; Modena
| | | | - Giuseppe Guerriero
- Department of Dermatology; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; Roma; Italy
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Yeung CK, Chan NPY, Shek SYN, Chan HHL. Evaluation of combined fractional radiofrequency and fractional laser treatment for acne scars in Asians. Lasers Surg Med 2012; 44:622-30. [PMID: 22899398 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Fractionated radiofrequency (RF) induces deep dermal heating and leaves the epidermis less affected. We studied the efficacy and safety of bipolar RF and fractional diode laser followed by fractional RF in Asians with acne scars. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four patients (skin types III and IV) with acne scars received up to five treatments of combined fractional 915-nm laser and bipolar RF using a Matrix IR applicator (Syneron Medical Ltd, Yokneam, Israel) with fluence ranging from 50 to 70 J/cm(2) , RF at 70-100 J/cm(3) , double passes followed by full-face bipolar fractional RF treatment using Matrix RF at energy ranging from 50 to 62 mJ/pin, at 4-week intervals. Changes in acne scars, skin texture, pore size, pigmentation irregularity, and complications were assessed up to 3 months post-treatment by standardized photographs obtained with Canfield Visia-CR system®. Subjective improvement and patient satisfaction were assessed by questionnaire. RESULTS Twenty patients (age 27.7 ± 8.4 years) completed the study. Modest but statistically significant improvement was noted in acne scars, with the mean grade decreased by 29% (P < 0.001), and 52% were rated with at least moderate objective global improvement at 3 months. Mean pain score was 2.6 on a scale of 0-4. There were also objective improvements in all secondary endpoints. Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) occurred mainly over bony areas in 6.5% of all treatments. Subjective improvement was moderate to significant for 36.8% of patients, and 63% reported being satisfied with the treatment results at 3 months despite considerable pain level. CONCLUSION Use of fractional laser with RF followed by fractional RF was shown to be safe and effective for acne scars with modest improvement and low PIH rate comparable to other resurfacing techniques in this Asian case series. Adequate pain control and recduced energy level when treating areas in close proximity to bone are advised. Lasers Surg. Med. 44: 622-630, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi K Yeung
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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25
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Leheta TM, Abdel Hay RM, Hegazy RA, El Garem YF. Do combined alternating sessions of 1540 nm nonablative fractional laser and percutaneous collagen induction with trichloroacetic acid 20% show better results than each individual modality in the treatment of atrophic acne scars? A randomized controlled trial. J DERMATOL TREAT 2012; 25:137-41. [DOI: 10.3109/09546634.2012.698249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tahra M. Leheta
- Dermatology Department, Cairo University, Faculty of Medicine,
Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania M. Abdel Hay
- Dermatology Department, Cairo University, Faculty of Medicine,
Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rehab A. Hegazy
- Dermatology Department, Cairo University, Faculty of Medicine,
Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yehia F. El Garem
- Dermatology Department, Alexandria University, Faculty of Medicine,
Alexandria, Egypt
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Lee HS, Lee DH, Won CH, Chang HW, Kwon HH, Kim KH, Chung JH. Fractional Rejuvenation Using a Novel Bipolar Radiofrequency System in Asian Skin. Dermatol Surg 2011; 37:1611-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2011.02134.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chan NPY, Ho SGY, Yeung CK, Shek SYN, Chan HH. The use of non-ablative fractional resurfacing in Asian acne scar patients. Lasers Surg Med 2011; 42:710-5. [PMID: 21246574 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.20976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Non-ablative fractional resurfacing (NA FR) has been shown to be effective for photorejuvenation and acne scarring. Previous studies indicated that density, more than pulse energy, was associated with post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) in Asians. The objective of this retrospective study was to assess the efficacy and complications of eight passes of NA FR ('full-NA FR') with the 1,550 nm erbium-doped fibre fractional laser (Fraxel SR laser system, Solta Medical, Hayward, CA) versus four passes ('mini-NA FR') with comparable pulse energy and treatment level as 'full-NA FR', but double the number of treatment sessions in Asian acne scar patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-seven Asian atrophic facial acne scar patients who received full-face full-NA FR or mini-NA FR treatments between December 2005 and February 2009 were included. All photographic images captured with the Canfield Visia CR system at baseline and follow-ups were assessed for clinical efficacy and complications by an independent, non-treating and blinded physician. RESULTS The total treatment densities for full-NA FR and mini-NA FR were 442.5 and 210.5 MTZ/cm(2), respectively. For full-NA FR, the PIH risk was 18.2% with cross-polarized images compared to 6.0% for mini-NA FR. This difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Improvement in skin texture, acne scarring, enlarged pores and overall pigmentation irregularity all reached statistical significance at last follow-up compared to baseline. There was no statistically significant difference in clinical efficacy between three full-NA FR and six mini-NA FR treatments. CONCLUSIONS NA FR was effective and safe in Asians. By reducing the number of passes and the total treatment density, the risk of PIH could be reduced. Meanwhile, clinical efficacy could be maintained by increasing the total number of treatment sessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola P Y Chan
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Aalami Harandi S, Balighi K, Lajevardi V, Akbari E. Subcision-suction method: a new successful combination therapy in treatment of atrophic acne scars and other depressed scars. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2011; 25:92-9. [PMID: 20553364 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2010.03711.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among therapeutic modalities of acne scars, subcision is a simple, safe procedure with a different and basic mechanism for correcting atrophic and depressed scars. Subcision releases scar surfaces from underlying attachments and induces connective tissue formation beneath the scar directly, without injury to the skin surface. Therefore, subcision is a valuable method, but due to high recurrence rate, its efficacy is mild to moderate. OBJECTIVES To increase the efficacy of subcision, a new complementary treatment of repeated suction sessions was added at the recurrence period of subcised scars. METHODS In this before and after trail, 58 patients with mild to severe acne scars of various types (rolling, superficial and deep boxcar, pitted), chicken pox, traumatic and surgical depressed scars were treated by superficial dermal undermining, with mainly 23-guage needles. The protocol for suctioning was: start of suction on third day after subcision for flat and depressing subcised scars and its continuation at least every other day for 2 weeks. RESULTS Forty-six patients followed the protocol completely, had 60-90% improvement in depth and size of scars (significant improvement) with mean: 71.73%. 28.2% of them had '80% improvement or more' (excellent improvement). Twelve patients started suction late and/or had long interval suction-sessions, had 30-60% improvement (moderate improvement) with mean: 43.75%. CONCLUSION Frequent suctioning at the recurrence period of subcision increases subcision efficacy remarkably and causes significant and persistent improvement in short time, without considerable complication, in depressed scars of the face. Therefore, subcision-suction method is introduced as a new effective treatment.
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Trelles MA, Shohat M, Urdiales F. Safe and effective one-session fractional skin resurfacing using a carbon dioxide laser device in super-pulse mode: a clinical and histologic study. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2011; 35:31-42. [PMID: 20814788 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-010-9553-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2010] [Accepted: 07/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO(2)) laser ablative fractional resurfacing produces skin damage, with removal of the epidermis and variable portions of the dermis as well as associated residual heating, resulting in new collagen formation and skin tightening. The nonresurfaced epidermis helps tissue to heal rapidly, with short-term postoperative erythema. The results for 40 patients (8 men and 32 women) after a single session of a fractional CO(2) resurfacing mode were studied. The treatments included resurfacing of the full face, periocular upper lip, and residual acne scars. The patients had skin prototypes 2 to 4 and wrinkle degrees 1 to 3. The histologic effects, efficacy, and treatment safety in various clinical conditions and for different phototypes are discussed. The CO(2) laser for fractional treatment is used in super-pulse mode. The beam is split by a lens into several microbeams, and super-pulse repetition is limited by the pulse width. The laser needs a power adaptation to meet the set fluence per microbeam. Laser pulsing can operate repeatedly on the same spot or be moved randomly over the skin, using several passes to achieve a desired residual thermal effect. Low, medium, and high settings are preprogrammed in the device, and they indicate the strength of resurfacing. A single treatment was given with the patient under topical anesthesia. However, the anesthesia was injected on areas of scar tissue. Medium settings (2 Hz, 30 W, 60 mJ) were used, and two passes were made for dark skins and degree 1 wrinkles. High settings (2 Hz, 60 W, 120 mJ) were used, and three passes were made for degree 3 wrinkles and scar tissue. Postoperatively, resurfaced areas were treated with an ointment of gentamycin, Retinol Palmitate, and DL-methionine (Novartis; Farmaceutics, S.A., Barcelona, Spain). Once epithelialization was achieved, antipigment and sun protection agents were recommended. Evaluations were performed 15 days and 2 months after treatment by both patients and clinicians. Treatment improved wrinkle aspect and scar condition, and no patient reported adverse effects or complications, irrespective of skin type, except for plaques of erythema in areas that received extra laser passes, which were not seen at the 2-month assessment. The results evaluated by clinicians were very much in correlation with those of patients. Immediately after treatment, vaporization was produced by stacked pulses, with clear ablation and collateral heat coagulation. An increased number of random pulses removed more epidermis, and with denser pulses per area, a thermal deposit was noted histologically. At 2 months, a thicker, multicelluar epidermis and an evident increase in collagen were observed. Fractional CO(2) laser permits a variety of resurfacing settings that obtain safe, effective skin rejuvenation and correct scar tissue in a single treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario A Trelles
- Instituto Médico Vilafortuny, Fundación Antoni de Gimbernat, Av. Vilafortuny, 31, E43850 Cambrils, Tarragona, Spain.
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Abstract
The growing diversification of the patient population coupled with the increasing demand for cosmetic laser rejuvenation has highlighted the need to develop cutaneous laser systems and establish treatment protocols for patients with a wide range of skin conditions and phototypes. Recent technologic advancements have provided viable treatment options to achieve clinical outcomes that were previously only attainable in patients with lighter skin tones. This review provides an updated discussion of the range of laser treatments available for pigmented skin and sets the stage for further advancements. Pigment-specific laser technology with green, red, or near-infrared light targets a variety of pigmented lesions such as lentigines, ephelides, café-au-lait macules, and melanocytic nevi as well as tattoos and unwanted hair. Short-pulsed alexandrite, ruby, and neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) lasers are used for pigmented lesions and tattoos, whereas their longer pulse-width laser counterparts are used for laser-assisted hair removal. Vascular lesions and hypertrophic scars can be treated with a variety of vascular-specific lasers, but it is the pulsed dye laser (PDL) that has long been the gold standard treatment for these lesions due to its high specificity for hemoglobin and its ability to improve skin surface texture in children and adults. Laser skin resurfacing techniques for photodamaged skin and atrophic scars have been optimized with fractional technology to produce excellent clinical outcomes and minimal complication risks. Radiofrequency and nonablative lasers are also used to provide skin tightening and collagen remodeling with virtually no postoperative recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sona Shah
- Washington Institute of Dermatologic Laser Surgery, Washington, DC 20005, USA
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35
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Jung J, Cho S, Chung H, Shin JU, Lee K, Chung K. Treatment of periorbital wrinkles with 1550- and 1565-nm Er:glass fractional photothermolysis lasers: a simultaneous split-face trial. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2010; 25:811-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2010.03870.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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36
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Chan NP, Ho SG, Yeung CK, Shek SY, Chan HH. Fractional ablative carbon dioxide laser resurfacing for skin rejuvenation and acne scars in Asians. Lasers Surg Med 2010; 42:615-23. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.20974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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37
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Manuskiatti W, Triwongwaranat D, Varothai S, Eimpunth S, Wanitphakdeedecha R. Efficacy and safety of a carbon-dioxide ablative fractional resurfacing device for treatment of atrophic acne scars in Asians. J Am Acad Dermatol 2010; 63:274-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2009.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2009] [Revised: 07/27/2009] [Accepted: 08/31/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Fractional nonablative 1,540-nm laser resurfacing of atrophic acne scars. A randomized controlled trial with blinded response evaluation. Lasers Med Sci 2010; 25:749-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-010-0801-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2010] [Accepted: 05/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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39
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Cho SB, Lee SJ, Kang JM, Kim YK, Oh SH. Combined fractional laser treatment with 1550-nm erbium glass and 10 600-nm carbon dioxide lasers. J DERMATOL TREAT 2010. [DOI: 10.3109/09546630903089650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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40
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Abstract
Acne vulgaris, one of the most commonly encountered conditions in dermatology, affects individuals in all racial and ethnic groups, yet clinical presentation varies among different skin types. Acne, particularly when it is severe, may significantly impact an individual's quality of life and psychological well-being. Potential sequelae, such as postinflammatory hyperpigmentation and keloid scarring, occur more frequently in individuals with skin of color and may be long lasting or permanent. Acknowledging the potentially long-term physical and emotional scars caused by acne vulgaris, attention has focused on management strategies that limit the disease to an early stage. Early and efficacious treatment of acne in skin of color patients may minimize pigmentary abnormalities and keloid scarring. By recognizing racial and ethnic differences in clinical presentation and potential sequelae, treatment regimens may be tailored to ensure favorable outcomes for patients of all skin types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sejal K Shah
- Skin of Color Center, Department of Dermatology, St Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, New York 10025, USA
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41
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Wang YS, Tay Y, Kwok C. Fractional ablative carbon dioxide laser in the treatment of atrophic acne scarring in Asian patients: A pilot study. J COSMET LASER THER 2010; 12:61-4. [DOI: 10.3109/14764171003706166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Carniol PJ, Woolery-Lloyd H, Zhao AS, Murray K. Laser Treatment for Ethnic Skin. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2010; 18:105-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsc.2009.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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43
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Cho SB, Lee SJ, Kang JM, Kim YK, Chung WS, Oh SH. The Efficacy and Safety of 10,600-nm Carbon Dioxide Fractional Laser for Acne Scars in Asian Patients. Dermatol Surg 2009; 35:1955-61. [PMID: 19708872 DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2009.01316.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sung Bin Cho
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lee HS, Won CH, Lee DH, An JS, Chang HW, Lee JH, Kim KH, Cho S, Chung JH. Treatment of Melasma in Asian Skin Using a Fractional 1,550-nm Laser. Dermatol Surg 2009; 35:1499-504. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-4725.2009.01264.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily P Tierney
- Laser and Skin Surgery Center of Indiana, Carmel, Indiana 46032, USA
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46
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Bogdan Allemann I, Kaufman J. Fractional photothermolysis—an update. Lasers Med Sci 2009; 25:137-44. [PMID: 19787413 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-009-0734-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2009] [Accepted: 08/27/2009] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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47
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Kim HJ, Kim TG, Kwon YS, Park JM, Lee JH. Comparison of a 1,550 nm Erbium:Glass fractional laser and a chemical reconstruction of skin scars (CROSS) method in the treatment of acne scars: A simultaneous split-face trial. Lasers Surg Med 2009; 41:545-9. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.20796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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48
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Differences in Perceptions of Beauty and Cosmetic Procedures Performed in Ethnic Patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 28:115-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sder.2009.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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49
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Lee DH, Choi YS, Min SU, Yoon MY, Suh DH. Comparison of a 585-nm pulsed dye laser and a 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser for the treatment of acne scars: A randomized split-face clinical study. J Am Acad Dermatol 2009; 60:801-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2008.11.883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2008] [Revised: 11/03/2008] [Accepted: 11/19/2008] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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50
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Bernstein EF. Double-pass, low-fluence laser treatment using a large spot-size 1,450 nm laser improves acne. Lasers Surg Med 2009; 41:116-21. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.20717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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