A comprehensive review of platelet-rich plasma for the treatment of dermatologic disorders

Autolougous platelet concentrates in esthetic medicine

This narrative review summarizes current knowledge on the use of autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) in esthetic medicine, with the goal of providing clinicians with reliable information for clinical practice. APCs contain platelets that release various growth factors with potential applications in facial and dermatologic treatments. This review examines several facial esthetic applications of APCs, including acne scarring, skin rejuvenation, melasma, vitiligo, stretchmarks, peri-orbital rejuvenation, peri-oral rejuvenation, hair regeneration and the volumizing effects of APC gels. A systematic review of literature databases (PubMed/MEDLINE) was conducted up to October 2023 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the English language on APCs for facial rejuvenation and dermatology. A total of 96 articles were selected including those on platelet rich plasma (PRP), plasma-rich in growth factors (PRGF), and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF). Clinical recommendations gained from the reviews are provided. In summary, the use of APCs in facial esthetics is a promising yet relatively recent treatment approach. Overall, the majority of studies have focused on the use of PRP with positive outcomes. Only few studies have compared PRP versus PRF with all demonstrating superior outcomes using PRF. The existing studies have limitations including small sample sizes and lack of standardized assessment criteria. Future research should utilize well-designed RCTs, incorporating appropriate controls, such as split-face comparisons, and standardized protocols for APC usage, including optimal number of sessions, interval between sessions, and objective improvement scores. Nevertheless, the most recent formulations of platelet concentrates offer clinicians an ability to improve various clinical parameters and esthetic concerns.

Global Landscape of Platelet-Rich Plasma Research in Medical Dermatology: A Visualized Bibliometric Analysis (2004-2023)

Level of Evidence V This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Injectable platelet-rich fibrin for treatment of female pattern hair loss

This case series evaluated use of injectable platelet rich fibrin (termed i-PRF+) for the treatment of female pattern hair loss (FPHL). Eleven individuals underwent 3-monthly intradermal injections of i-PRF+ using a mesotherapy gun. The mean number of hair follicles containing hairs per unit area improved at 3- and 6-months follow-up (p < .001), and all participants had a negative hair pull test. Hair volume and thickness, and patient-reported outcome scores also improved at follow-up (p < .001). Adverse effects were minor and self-limited. A series of three i-PRF+ injection sessions were effective for the treatment of FPHL, as shown by improved hair analysis parameters and patient self-assessment scores.

Application of cord blood-derived platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of diseases

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), a blood product containing high concentrations of platelets, has been increasingly used for the treatment of a number of diseases because of its anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties. PRP is generally obtained from the patient's own peripheral blood when used in clinical applications, but allogeneic PRP extracted from umbilical cord blood has also attracted attention due to its unique advantages. The main purpose of this narrative review was to summarize the research and clinical application of cord blood-derived PRP (CB-PRP) in the treatment of diseases up to April 2024. This review also discusses the differences between CB-PRP and autologous PRP (A-PRP). A thorough search of PubMed® and Clinicaltrials.gov identified 13 articles and four clinical trials. To date, CB-PRP has been primarily studied in the fields of orthopaedics, dermatology, neurology, obstetrics/gynaecology and ophthalmology. This is likely to be because this research is relatively novel. Considering the differences between the characteristics of A-PRP and CB-PRP, it is thought that CB-PRP might hold more promise for broader applications in the future.

Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) for Endometrial Treatment Efficacy and Safety in Assisted Reproductive Technology: A Comprehensive Review

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is among the new ground-breaking methods called for endometrial disorders detected in assisted reproductive technology (ART). This research work takes account of both a systematic literature review and an exploration of the molecular connections. The report aims to present the capabilities and benefits of the PRP in ART and the nonconformance and dangers involved in its use in ART. However, all these stages of ART need conducive endometrium, live micro embryo, and coordinated interaction between the blastocyst and the uterus. Despite all ART has achieved, implantation failure still exists as a problem having one quarter being attributed to the absence of the endometrial receptivity level. The review points to a corresponding increase in the role of autologous PRP in promoting cell proliferation, neo-angiogenesis, and anti-inflammatory effects to facilitate effective endometrial receptivity. The outcome of prior trials with the PRP approach proved to be positive for women with adenomyosis, thin endometrial lining, recurring implantation failure, chronic endometritis, and Asherman's syndrome. Challenges still exist in the proper placement of PRP for all women with infertility problems as well as how it works for individuals with blood disorders and infections. This study will look into the safest number of doses, the time of acting, and the possible future health hazards that both mother and child may face.

How to explain the beneficial effects of platelet-rich plasma

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is the platelet and leukocyte-containing plasmatic fraction of anticoagulated autologous blood. While evidence supporting the clinical use of PRP in dentistry is low, PRP is widely used in sports medicine, orthopedics, and dermatology. Its beneficial activity is commonly attributed to the growth factors released from platelets accumulating in PRP; however, evidence is indirect and not comprehensive. There is thus a demand to revisit PRP with respect to basic and translational science. This review is to (i) recapitulate protocols and tools to prepare PRP; (ii) to discuss the cellular and molecular composition of PRP with a focus on platelets, leukocytes, and the fibrin-rich extracellular matrix of coagulated plasma; and finally (iii) to discuss potential beneficial effects of PRP on a cellular and molecular level with an outlook on its current use in dentistry and other medical fields.

Platelet-Rich Plasma for Heart Cell Regeneration Post-myocardial Infarction: A Propitious Therapeutic Approach

Globally, one of the primary factors leading to death is cardiovascular disorders, specifically coronary artery disease, which leads to myocardial infarction (MI). This article investigates the potential of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy for regenerating cardiac cells following MI. We look into the pathophysiology of MI, current treatment methods, and the heart's limited ability to heal itself. This is done to see if PRP could help the heart heal faster, reduce the size of the infarct, and stop scar tissue from forming. We analyze the production procedure of PRP, its composition of growth factors, and its utilization in many medical domains. The ways that PRP helps the heart heal are also being looked into. This includes how it affects inflammation, oxidative stress, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation. Although we recognize the existing constraints, we meticulously take into account issues such as standardization, therapeutic variance, and potential harmful effects. This study highlights the importance of comprehensive guidelines, continuous research, and enhanced clinical applications to fully harness the potential of platelet-rich plasma in the regeneration of cardiac cells after a heart attack.

The Impact of Blood Morphological Parameters on Treatment Outcomes in Tennis Elbow Patients Receiving Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Therapy: A Prospective Study

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy holds substantial promise for the treatment of tennis elbow, a complex and challenging musculoskeletal condition. The aim of the study was to assess whether there are correlations between the levels of individual morphotic elements determined in whole blood and the outcomes of tennis elbow treatment with PRP injection, as measured using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) such as the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QDASH), and Patient-Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation (PRTEE). A prospective analysis was conducted on 107 patients (132 elbows) undergoing lateral epicondylitis treatment with (PRP) injections. Patients completed VAS, PRTEE, and QDASH questionnaires on the day of PRP administration and at established checkpoints (2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 52, and 104 weeks). Minimal clinically important difference (MCID) was employed to assess the treatment effects. Then, correlations were measured within each PROM, and the impact of the concentration of individual blood parameters on the MCID outcomes was assessed. Analyzing the relationships between the MCID+ and MCID- groups, significant correlations for the VAS and QDASH scales were observed. The level of individual morphotic elements in the blood may have influenced the treatment outcome, as measured using specific patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). Regarding the VAS scale, factors favoring a positive treatment outcome included higher values of eosinophils (EOS) and basophils (BASO). For the QDASH scale, these factors were a lower value of mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and a higher mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH). The levels of certain blood parameters, such as EOS and BASO, in the current study influenced the classification of patients into MCID+ or MCID- groups, based on the VAS and QDASH scales.

Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) in Dermatology: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Action

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy has gained attention in the scientific field due to its potential regenerative effects and great benefit-risk ratio. This review extensively explores the most studied mechanisms of this therapy according to the etiopathogenesis of skin diseases: cellular proliferation, matrix formation, regulation of inflammation, angiogenesis, collagen synthesis, and the remodeling of new tissue. Moreover, it draws on newly reported and lesser-known effects of PRP: its anti-apoptotic effects, immunological suppression, decrease in melanin synthesis, anti-microbial effects, overexpression of miR-155, antioxidant effects, and their involved pathways. This work aims to provide a complete update for understanding PRP's benefits and clinical relevance in wound healing, alopecia, pigmentary disorders, scars, rejuvenation, lichen sclerosus, and other inflammatory dermatoses, based on the current evidence. Furthermore, recent reports with novel indications for PRP therapy are highlighted, and new potential pathways correlated with the pathogenesis of skin diseases are explored.

Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma Therapy in Oral Lichen Planus: A Systematic Review

Background and Objectives: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is an autoimmune, mucocutaneous, oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD), which characteristically manifests with chronic, recalcitrant lesions, with frequent flare-ups and remissions. The precise etiopathogenesis of OLP is still debatable, although it is believed to be a T-cell-mediated disorder of an unidentified antigen. Despite the availability of various treatments, no cure for OLP exists due to its recalcitrant nature and idiopathic etiology. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties, in addition to its regulatory action on keratinocyte differentiation and proliferation. These salient properties substantiate the possible role of PRP in the treatment of OLP. Our systematic review focuses on assessing the therapeutic potential of PRP as a treatment modality in OLP. Materials and Methods: We conducted a detailed literature search for studies assessing PRP as a therapeutic regimen in OLP, using the Google Scholar and PubMed/MEDLINE search engines. The search was limited to studies published from January 2000 to January 2023 and included a combination of Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms. ROBVIS analysis was carried out for the assessment of publication bias. Descriptive statistics were performed using Microsoft Excel. Results: This systematic review included five articles that met the inclusion criteria. Most of the included studies demonstrated that PRP treatment considerably ameliorated both objective and subjective symptoms in OLP subjects, with comparable efficacy to the standard corticosteroid treatment. Further, PRP therapy offers the added benefit of minimal adverse effects and recurrences. Conclusion: This systematic review suggests that PRP has significant therapeutic potential for treating OLP. However, further research with larger sample sizes is imperative to corroborate these findings.