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Mousavikia SN, Bahreyni Toossi MT, Khademi S, Soukhtanloo M, Azimian H. Evaluation of micronuclei and antioxidant status in hospital radiation workers occupationally exposed to low-dose ionizing radiation. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:540. [PMID: 37226157 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09516-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE There is scientific evidence that ionizing radiation (IR) can be responsible for various health hazards that are one of the concerns in occupational exposure. This study was performed to evaluate DNA damage and antioxidant status in hospital workers who are occupationally exposed to low doses of IR. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, twenty occupationally exposed to low doses of IR (CT and angiography) comprising with control groups which matched them. In order to investigate the effects of chronic irradiation of radiation workers, Micronuclei (MN) frequency and the antioxidant activity of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) were measured. Then, to check adaptation against high challenge dose, the samples (in all groups) were irradiated in vitro and MN frequency was compared. Finally, to investigated the effect of the high dose after the acute and chronic low dose of ionizing radiation, MN frequency was compared in two groups (the control group that was to in-vitro irradiated (acute low dose + high dose) and radiation workers (chronic low dose + high dose)). RESULTS MN frequency in the occupationally exposed group (n = 30) increased significantly when compared to the control group (p-value < 0.0001). However, chronic irradiation of radiation workers could not lead to an adaptive Sresponse, while acute low-doses could produce this effect (p-value ˂ 0.05). In addition, the activity levels of antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, and TAC were not statistically different between the radiation workers and the control group (p-value > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS We observed that exposure to low doses of IR leads to increased cytogenetic damage, could not cause an adaptive-response, and improve antioxidant capacity in radiation workers. Controlling healthcare workers' exposure is the first step to improving the health of hospital workers and the quality of patient care, thus decreasing human and economic costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Mousavikia
- Medical Physics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - M T Bahreyni Toossi
- Medical Physics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - S Khademi
- Department of Radiology Technology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - M Soukhtanloo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - H Azimian
- Medical Physics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Malacarne IT, Takeshita WM, Viana MDB, Renno ACM, Ribeiro DA. Is micronucleus assay a suitable method for biomonitoring children exposed to X-ray? A systematic review with meta-analysis. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 99:1522-1530. [PMID: 36952616 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2194405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate if the micronucleus test using oral epithelial cells is a suitable biomarker for biomonitoring children exposed to X-ray. MATERIAL AND METHODS A search was performed through the electronic databases PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science, all studies published up to February 2022 that examined the relationship between exposure of children to radiographic examinations and micronucleus. RESULTS A total of 17 full-text manuscripts were screened for eligibility. Only two studies found a difference in micronucleus labeling. On the other hand, all studies showed that X-ray was able to induce cellular death in oral mucosa cells. Following the parameters of the Effective Practices in Public Health Project (EPHPP), five manuscripts reached moderate and strong scores, and four studies were categorized as weak at final rating. In the meta-analysis, statistically significant difference was detected in micronucleated cells in children before and after radiographic examinations (SMD = 0.96, 95% CI, 0.07-1.84, p = .04), with τ2=1.09; χ2=53.37, and p < .001. CONCLUSION Radiographic examinations in children can cause genotoxic and cytotoxic damage in the oral epithelium with a large effect size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingra Tais Malacarne
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Santos, Brazil
| | - Wilton Mitsunari Takeshita
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Sao Paulo State University, UNESP, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Milena de Barros Viana
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Santos, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Muniz Renno
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Santos, Brazil
| | - Daniel Araki Ribeiro
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Santos, Brazil
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Jiang P, Wei J. The Application of Pulmonary Ultrasound in Neonatal Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:882056. [PMID: 35844761 PMCID: PMC9276925 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.882056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored the application value of lung ultrasound (LUS) in neonatal ventilator-associated pneumonia (NVAP). In this study, 122 newborns suspected of NVAP were treated in the NICU of Liaocheng People's Hospital between July 1, 2020, and July 1, 2021. Of these, 115 were clinically diagnosed with NVAP. The diagnostic value of LUS for NVAP was determined by comparing the different signs of LUS and chest X-ray (CXR). The confirmed cases were divided into the failure and success groups according to the first ventilator weaning test results. The consistency between the results of LUS and CXR and the actual test results was compared between the two groups. Before treatment, the LUS findings of the confirmed cases showed a lung consolidation with air bronchogram sign (111/115), alveolar-interstitial syndrome (113/115), pleural effusion (12/115), pleural line abnormalities (114/115), and lung pulse (15/115). CXR showed 109 cases of pneumonia. Taking the clinical diagnosis of VAP as the gold standard, the lung consolidation with air bronchogram sign on LUS had a higher sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for the diagnosis of NVAP than those of other LUS and CXR findings and showed better consistency with the clinical diagnosis (AUC = 0.983, kappa value = 0.761, p < 0.05). After treatment, the 115 cases were divided into two groups according to the results of the first weaning from ventilation: the failed group (19 cases) and the successful group (96 cases). The lung consolidation with air bronchogram sign was used as the positive diagnostic standard of ultrasound. The sensitivity and specificity of LUS (94.7 and 89.6%, respectively) in evaluating the outcome of weaning from the ventilator of pneumonia were higher than those of CXR (73.7 and 84.4%, respectively). Additionally, the consistency of the LUS findings with the weaning results was higher than that of CXR (AUC = 0.922, kappa value = 0.709, p < 0.05). Therefore, compared with CXR, LUS has a higher value in diagnosing NVAP and can better predict the results of the ventilator off-line test. LUS can replace CXR as the first imaging examination for NVAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Jiang
- Department of Paediatrics, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Ultrasonography, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
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Joo HY, Kim JW, Moon JH. Use of big data analysis to investigate the relationship between natural radiation dose rates and cancer incidences in Republic of Korea. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.net.2020.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Siama Z, Zosang-Zuali M, Vanlalruati A, Jagetia GC, Pau KS, Kumar NS. Chronic low dose exposure of hospital workers to ionizing radiation leads to increased micronuclei frequency and reduced antioxidants in their peripheral blood lymphocytes. Int J Radiat Biol 2019; 95:697-709. [PMID: 30668213 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1571255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: The regular low dose occupational exposure to ionizing radiation may induce deleterious health effects, which may be of particular interest to medical radiation workers who daily handle X-ray machines. Human peripheral blood lymphocytes are able to retain the signature of radiation-induced DNA damage, therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate the DNA damage and antioxidants status in hospital workers occupationally exposed to low doses of X-rays. Materials and methods: The peripheral blood lymphocytes of the occupationally exposed and control groups matched for age, gender, tobacco usage, and alcohol consumption were cultured and micronuclei frequency was determined. Activities of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation were also estimated in their plasma. Results: The micronuclei frequency in the occupationally exposed group (n = 33), increased significantly (p < .0001) followed by reduced glutathione-s-transferase (p < .01) and catalase (p < .001) activities, and increased lipid peroxidation (p < .05) when compared to the control group (n = 33). Occupational exposure resulted in an effective dose ranging between 3.14 to 144.5 mSv (40.88 ± 39.86mSv) depending on the employment duration of 3-29 years (10.33 ± 7.05 years). A correlation between the micronuclei frequency (p < .05) and catalase activity (p < .05) existed in the occupationally exposed individuals depending on the smoking habit, age, duration of employment, cumulative exposure dose and number of patients handled per day. Conclusions: We have observed that protracted low dose exposure to ionizing radiation is an inevitable occupational hazard leading to persistence of oxidative stress and increased genomic instability in the radiological technicians depending on the time spent with X-rays, cumulative dose received and the number of patients handled daily raising the risk of cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zothan Siama
- a Department of Zoology, Cancer and Radiation Biology Laboratory , Mizoram University , Aizawl , India
| | - Mary Zosang-Zuali
- a Department of Zoology, Cancer and Radiation Biology Laboratory , Mizoram University , Aizawl , India
| | - Annie Vanlalruati
- a Department of Zoology, Cancer and Radiation Biology Laboratory , Mizoram University , Aizawl , India
| | - Ganesh Chandra Jagetia
- a Department of Zoology, Cancer and Radiation Biology Laboratory , Mizoram University , Aizawl , India
| | - Kham Suan Pau
- b Radiation Safety Agency, Directorate of Hospital and Medical Education , Aizawl , India
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Koyama S, Narita E, Shinohara N, Miyakoshi J. Recovery kinetics of micronucleus formation by fractionated X-ray irradiation in various types of human cells. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2018; 59:547-554. [PMID: 29961812 PMCID: PMC6151641 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rry051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
High-dose ionizing radiation is sufficient for breaking DNA strands, leading to cell death and mutations. By contrast, the effects of fractionated ionizing radiation on human-derived cells remain unclear. To better understand the genotoxic effects of fractionated ionizing radiation, as well as the cellular recovery rate, we investigated the frequency of micronucleus (MN) formation in various types of human cells. We irradiated cells with fractionated X-ray doses of 2 Gy at a rate of 0.0635 Gy/min, separated into two to eight smaller doses. After irradiation, we investigated the frequency of MN formation. In addition, we investigated the rate of decrease in MN frequency after irradiation with 1 or 2 Gy X-rays at various recovery periods. Fractionated irradiation decreased MN frequency in a dose-dependent manner. When the total dose of X-rays was the same, the MN frequencies were lower after fractionated X-ray irradiation than acute irradiation in every cell type examined. The rate of MN decrease was faster in KMST-6 cells, which were derived from a human embryo, than in the other cells. The rate of MN decrease was higher in cells exposed to fractionated X-rays than in those exposed to acute irradiation. Recovery rates were very similar among cell lines, except in KMST-6 cells, which recovered more rapidly than other cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Koyama
- Kyoto University, Laboratory of Applied Radio Engineering for Humanosphere, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eijiro Narita
- Kyoto University, Laboratory of Applied Radio Engineering for Humanosphere, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoki Shinohara
- Kyoto University, Laboratory of Applied Radio Engineering for Humanosphere, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junji Miyakoshi
- Kyoto University, Laboratory of Applied Radio Engineering for Humanosphere, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
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