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Siemionow M, Cyran M, Stawarz K, Chambily L, Kusza K. Transplantation of Donor-Recipient Chimeric Cells Restores Peripheral Blood Cell Populations and Increases Survival after Total Body Irradiation-Induced Injury in a Rat Experimental Model. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2024; 72:aite-2024-0009. [PMID: 38782370 DOI: 10.2478/aite-2024-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Current therapies for acute radiation syndrome (ARS) involve bone marrow transplantation (BMT), leading to graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). To address this challenge, we have developed a novel donor-recipient chimeric cell (DRCC) therapy to increase survival and prevent GvHD following total body irradiation (TBI)-induced hematopoietic injury without the need for immunosuppression. In this study, 20 Lewis rats were exposed to 7 Gy TBI to induce ARS, and we assessed the efficacy of various cellular therapies following systemic intraosseous administration. Twenty Lewis rats were randomly divided into four experimental groups (n = 5/group): saline control, allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (alloBMT), DRCC, and alloBMT + DRCC. DRCC were created by polyethylene glycol-mediated fusion of bone marrow cells from 24 ACI (RT1a) and 24 Lewis (RT11) rat donors. Fusion feasibility was confirmed by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. The impact of different therapies on post-irradiation peripheral blood cell recovery was evaluated through complete blood count, while GvHD signs were monitored clinically and histopathologically. The chimeric state of DRCC was confirmed. Post-alloBMT mortality was 60%, whereas DRCC and alloBMT + DRCC therapies achieved 100% survival. DRCC therapy also led to the highest white blood cell counts and minimal GvHD changes in kidney and skin samples, in contrast to alloBMT treatment. In this study, transplantation of DRCC promoted the recovery of peripheral blood cell populations after TBI without the development of GVHD. This study introduces a novel and promising DRCC-based bridging therapy for treating ARS and extending survival without GvHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Siemionow
- Chair and Department of Traumatology, Orthopaedics, and Surgery of the Hand, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Małgorzata Cyran
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Katarzyna Stawarz
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lucile Chambily
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Krzysztof Kusza
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Therapy and Pain Management, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Vicente E, Lesniewski M, Newman D, Vujaskovic Z, Jackson IL. Best Practices for Authentication of Cell Lines to Ensure Data Reproducibility and Integrity. Radiat Res 2021; 197:209-217. [PMID: 34860238 DOI: 10.1667/rade-21-00148.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Cell line misidentification and contamination are major contributors to the reproducibility crisis in academic research. Authentication of cell lines provides assurances of the data generated; however, commercially available cells are often not subjected to rigorous identification testing. In this study, commercially available cell lines underwent testing to confirm cell identity and purity. The methods reported here outline the best practices for cell line authentication. Briefly, a commercially available primary rabbit aortic endothelial cell line was purchased for the intent of producing target proteins necessary for generating species-specific recombinant antibodies. These rabbit-specific antibodies would then be utilized for the development of in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) to evaluate blood-based biomarkers of vascular injury after total-body irradiation. To authenticate the cell line, cell identity and purity were determined by single tandem repeat (STR) testing, flow cytometry, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) DNA Barcoding in-house and/or through commercial vendors. Fresh cells obtained from a New Zealand White rabbit (Charles River, Wilmington, DE) were used as a positive control. The results of STR and flow cytometry analyses indicated the cells were not contaminated with human or mouse cells, and that the cells were not of endothelial origin. PCR demonstrated that cells were also not of rabbit origin, which was further confirmed by a third-party vendor. An unopened vial of cells was submitted to another vendor for CO1 DNA Barcoding analysis, which identified the cells as being purely of bovine origin. Results revealed that despite purchase through a commercial vendor, the cell line marketed as primary rabbit aortic endothelial cells were of bovine origin. Purity analysis found cells were misidentified rather than contaminated. Further investigation to determine the cell type was not performed. The most cost-effective and efficient methodology for confirming cell line identity was found to be CO1 DNA Barcoding performed by a commercial vendor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Vicente
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Megan Lesniewski
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Diana Newman
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Zeljko Vujaskovic
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
| | - Isabel L Jackson
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
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Hritzo B, Legesse B, Ward JM, Kaur A, Holmes-Hampton GP, Moroni M. Investigating the Multi-Faceted Nature of Radiation-Induced Coagulopathies in a Göttingen Minipig Model of Hematopoietic Acute Radiation Syndrome. Radiat Res 2021; 196:156-174. [PMID: 34019667 DOI: 10.1667/rade-20-00073.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Coagulopathies are well documented after acute radiation exposure at hematopoietic doses, and radiation-induced bleeding is notably one of the two main causes of mortality in the hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome. Despite this, understanding of the mechanisms by which radiation alters hemostasis and induces bleeding is still lacking. Here, male Göttingen minipigs received hematopoietic doses of 60Co gamma irradiation (total body) and coagulopathies were characterized by assessing bleeding, blood cytopenia, fibrin deposition, changes in hemostatic properties, coagulant/anticoagulant enzyme levels, and markers of inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and barrier integrity to understand if a relationship exists between bleeding, hemostatic defects, bone marrow aplasia, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and loss of barrier integrity. Acute radiation exposure induced coagulopathies in the Göttingen minipig model of hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome; instances of bleeding were not dependent upon thrombocytopenia. Neutropenia, alterations in hemostatic parameters and damage to the glycocalyx occurred in all animals irrespective of occurrence of bleeding. Radiation-induced bleeding was concurrent with simultaneous thrombocytopenia, anemia, neutropenia, inflammation, increased heart rate, decreased nitric oxide bioavailability and endothelial dysfunction; bleeding was not observed with the sole occurrence of a single aforementioned parameter in the absence of the others. Alteration of barrier function or clotting proteins was not observed in all cases of bleeding. Additionally, fibrin deposition was observed in the heart and lungs of decedent animals but no evidence of DIC was noted, suggesting a unique pathophysiology of radiation-induced coagulopathies. These findings suggest radiation-induced coagulopathies are the result of simultaneous damage to several key organs and biological functions, including the immune system, the inflammatory response, the bone marrow and the cardiovasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Hritzo
- Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Betre Legesse
- Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Amandeep Kaur
- Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Gregory P Holmes-Hampton
- Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Maria Moroni
- Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
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Jackson IL, Gurung G, Poirier Y, Gopalakrishnan M, Cohen EP, Donohue TS, Newman D, Vujaskovic Z. A New Zealand White rabbit model of thrombocytopenia and coagulopathy following total body irradiation across the dose range to induce the hematopoietic-subsyndrome of acute radiation syndrome. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 97:S19-S31. [PMID: 31526203 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1668981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose if this study was to develop a rabbit model of total body irradiation (TBI) -induced thrombocytopenia and coagulopathy across the dose-range which induces the hematopoietic subsyndrome of the acute radiation syndrome (H-ARS). METHODS Twenty male New Zealand White rabbits were assigned to arms to receive 6-MV of TBI at a dose of 6.5, 7.5, 8.5 or 9.5 Gy. Animals were treated with moderate levels of supportive care including buprenorphine for pain management, antibiotics, antipyretics for rectal body temperature >104.8 °F, and fluids for signs of dehydration. Animals were closelyfollowed for up to 45 days after TBI for signs of major morbidity/mortality. Hematology and serum chemistry parameters were routinely monitored. Hemostasis parameters were analyzed prior to TBI, 2 and 6 hours post-TBI, and at the time of euthanasia. RESULTS Animals developed the characteristic signs and symptoms of H-ARS during the first-week post TBI. Animals became thrombocytopenic with signs of severe acute anemia during the second week post TBI. Moribund animals presented with petechia and ecchymosis of the skin and generalized internal hemorrhage. Multiorgan dysfunction characterized by bone marrow failure, gastric ileus, acute renal toxicity, and liver abnormalities were common. Severe abnormalities in coagulation parameters were observed. CONCLUSIONS The presentation of bone marrow failure and multiorogan injury associated with ARS in the New Zealand White rabbit model is consistent with that described in the canine, swine, non-human primate, and in humans. The hemorrhagic syndrome associated with the ARS in rabbits is characterized by thrombocytopenia and hemostasis dysfunction, which appear to underlie the development of multiorgan dysfunction following TBI to rabbits. Taken together, the rabbit recapitulates the pathogenesis of ARS in humans, and may present an alternative small animal model for medical countermeasure pilot efficacy screening, dose-finding and schedule optimization studies prior to moving into large animal models of TBI-induced ARS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel L Jackson
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ganga Gurung
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yannick Poirier
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mathangi Gopalakrishnan
- Center for Translational Medicine, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eric P Cohen
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Terez-Shea Donohue
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Diana Newman
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zeljko Vujaskovic
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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