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Zhu L, Tan C, Wang X, Liu L, Dong C, Qi Z, Zhang M, Hu B. Low-intensity alternating ventilation achieves effective humification during food waste composting by enhancing the intensity of microbial interaction and carbon metabolism. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 357:142099. [PMID: 38653398 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Vertical static composting is an efficient and convenient technology for the treatment of food waste. Exploring the impact of oxygen concentration levels on microbial community structure and functional stability is crucial for optimizing ventilation technology. This study set three experimental groups with varying ventilation intensities based on self-made alternating ventilation composting reactor (AL2: 0.2 L kg-1 DM·min-1; AL4: 0.4 L kg-1 DM·min-1; AL6: 0.6 L kg-1 DM·min-1) to explore the optimal alternating ventilation rate. The results showed that the cumulative ammonia emission of AL2 group reduced by 25.13% and 12.59% compared to the AL4 and AL6 groups. The humification degree of the product was 1.18 times and 1.25 times higher than the other two groups. AL2 increased the relative abundance of the core species Saccharomonospora, thereby strengthening microbial interaction. Low-intensity alternating ventilation increased the carbon metabolism levels, especially aerobic_chemoheterotrophy, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. However, it simultaneously reduced nitrogen metabolism. Structural equation model analysis demonstrated that alternating low-intensity ventilation effectively regulated both microbial diversity (0.81, p < 0.001) and metabolism (0.81, p < 0.001) by shaping the composting environment. This study optimized the intensity of alternating ventilation and revealed the regulatory mechanism of community structure and metabolism. This study provides guidance for achieving efficient and low-consumption composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chunxu Tan
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Liyuan Liu
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chifei Dong
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhenyu Qi
- Agricultural Experiment Station, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baolan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou, China.
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Chen Z, Li Y, Ye C, He X, Zhang S. Fate of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes during aerobic co-composting of food waste with sewage sludge. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 784:146950. [PMID: 34088024 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic composting is widely used on transforming organic solid waste into proliferating products. However, the removal of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the process of co-composting of food waste with sewage sludge has been rarely reported to date. Therefore, we investigated a laboratory-scale composting using food waste and sewage sludge as substrates to study changes in antibiotics and ARGs during composting. Varying dose of antibiotics were added to allow the evaluation of changes in antibiotics, the microbial community and ARGs. The results revealed that composting effectively removed fluoroquinolones and macrolides, while showed poor efficiency in removing sulfonamides. Results from the 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that Firmicutes dominated on D0, while Proteobacteria and Actinomycetes dominated on D28, and a high concentration of antibiotics affected the microbial succession. The quantitative PCR demonstrated that the abundance of sul3, sulA, qnrB, qnrS, and ermB was reduced after 28 days composting, while an increase in the abundance of sul1, sul2, qnrD, ermC, and ermF was induced by high concentrations of antibiotics. Redundancy analysis revealed that total organic matter was the most important factor for the variation in the ARGs abundance. Overall, our findings indicated that the aerobic co-composting of food waste with sewage sludge can effectively remove antibiotics and ARGs. Our study sheds a new idea light on the strategy for the removal of antibiotics and ARGs from organic solid waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Chen
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanzeng Li
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengsong Ye
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin He
- Hefei Thomas School, Hefei 230000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenghua Zhang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China.
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A Review of Composting Process Models of Organic Solid Waste with a Focus on the Fates of C, N, P, and K. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9030473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To foster a circular economy in line with compost quality assessment, a deep understanding of the fates of nutrients and carbon in the composting process is essential to achieve the co-benefits of value-added and environmentally friendly objectives. This paper is a review aiming to fill in the knowledge gap about the composting process. Firstly, a systematic screening search and a descriptive analysis were conducted on composting models involving the fates of Carbon (C), Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K) over the past decade, followed by the development of a checklist to define the gap between the existing models and target models. A review of 22 models in total led to the results that the mainstream models involved the fates of C and N, while only a few models involved P and K as target variables. Most of the models described the laboratory-scale composting process. Mechanism-derived models were relatively complex; however, the application of the fractionation of substrates could contribute to reducing the complexity. Alternatively, data-driven models can help us obtain more accurate predictions and involve the fates of more nutrients, depending on the data volume. Finally, the perspective of developing composting models for the fates of C, N, P, and K was proposed.
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Smith BAM, Eudoxie G, Stein R, Ramnarine R, Raghavan V. Effect of neem leaf inclusion rates on compost physico-chemical, thermal and spectroscopic stability. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 114:136-147. [PMID: 32659686 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Neem leaves possess antimicrobial, insecticidal and nitrification inhibitory biochemicals that may influence compost stability. However, if neem-based compost achieves stability, it can prove useful by providing fertilizer-cum-pesticide properties. Therefore, conventional (physico-chemical), thermogravimetric (TGA) and spectroscopic analyses (FTIR and 13C SS NMR) were used to evaluate the effects of neem leaf content on stability. Treatments included 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50% neem leaves by volume combined with complimentary amounts of corn stover to form 50% of the substrate formulation (SF). Cow manure constituted the additional 50%. Despite all treatments reaching ambient temperature (32 °C ± 1 °C) by the 40th day, Solvita® results showed high CO2 respiration, thereby classifying the compost treatments as active, whereas decreased C:N ratio, NH4+: NO3- ratio and NH4+ values among treatments indicated stability. Furthermore, TGA, FTIR and 13C NMR revealed degradation of labile organic matter and showed that complex aromatic and lignin compounds were also degraded, particularly when neem leaves were added to the mixture, suggesting that aromatisation does not always indicate stability in compost. Spearman's rank correlation showed that physico-chemical methods were poorly correlated to respirometric, thermal and spectroscopic methods. It also suggests that these respirometric and advanced methods are important in understanding the mechanisms affecting neem compost stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan A M Smith
- Department of Food Production, Faculty of Food & Agriculture, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago.
| | - Gaius Eudoxie
- Department of Food Production, Faculty of Food & Agriculture, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Robin Stein
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, McGill University, Canada
| | - Ravindra Ramnarine
- Department of Food Production, Faculty of Food & Agriculture, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine Campus, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Vijaya Raghavan
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Canada
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Dede OH, Ozdemir S. Comparison of composted biosolid substrate for containerized turfgrass production. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2015; 36:1651-1656. [PMID: 25558959 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2014.1003251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Composts produced from composting municipal sewage sludge with bulking agent, namely hazelnut husk (HH), pine litter (PL), corn straw (CS) and sawdust (SW), were seeded with turfgrass mix and cultivated in a container to compare the suitability of composted substrates to produce turfgrass in greenhouse conditions. The performance of substrate was determined by both substrate properties compared to standard peat and by measuring plant growth parameters on each substrate during turfgrass sod establishment. In general, the physico-chemical properties of all substrates were satisfactory for container substrates, but HH and PL substrates performed better in plant growth parameters than in SW and CS composts. The comprehensive growth index values obtained for plants growing in peat, HH and PL were 0.94, 0.87 and 0.84, respectively, which were higher than those in the CS and SW. Plant growth showed linear above-ground dry matter accumulation in all substrates, but was slower in SW and CS. HH and PL substrates appeared to be suitable for containerized sod production for natural soil and peat substitution. Biosolid proved to be an efficient component as a nutrient source ingredient of composted substrates for turfgrass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer H Dede
- a Department of Environmental Engineering , Sakarya University , Sakarya , Turkey
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