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Liu YJ. Investigation of factors affecting sodium alginate fouling mechanisms in a microfiltration process under non-constant-flux and non-constant-pressure conditions. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2023; 88:169-184. [PMID: 37452541 PMCID: wst_2023_206 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2023.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Variations in transmembrane pressure and permeate flux are closely related to membrane fouling. In this study, a laboratory-scale submerged microfiltration system was used to investigate the influence of sodium alginate (SA) concentration and peristaltic pump rotation speed on the fouling under the conditions of (1) the same driving force and non-aerated-PAC, (2) different driving forces and non-aerated-PAC, and (3) different driving forces and aerated-PAC. The results showed that the normalized transmembrane pressure (TMP') increased linearly with decreasing normalized permeate flux (J') during the early microfiltration stage regardless of the operating conditions, indicating that the SA microfiltration process controlled by the peristaltic pump was non-constant-flux and non-constant-pressure. The latter filtration stage was considered constant-pressure filtration when 200-1,200 mg/L of SA was filtrated at the same rotation speed. During filtration of 800 mg/L of SA under the non-aerated-PAC condition, the later filtration stage was considered constant-pressure filtration when the peristaltic pump rotated at slower speeds of 15 and 30 rpm. This approached constant-flux filtration when the peristaltic pump rotated at faster speeds of 60 and 90 rpm, and PAC-aeration scouring was an effective measure for mitigating membrane fouling by SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Juan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Xingyun Street, Datong City 037009, China E-mail:
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Wang G, Qiu G, Wei J, Guo Z, Wang W, Liu X, Song Y. Activated carbon enhanced traditional activated sludge process for chemical explosion accident wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 225:115595. [PMID: 36863655 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
With the development of industries, explosion accidents occur frequently during production, transportation, usage and storage of hazard chemicals. It remained challenging to efficiently treat the resultant wastewater. As an enhancement of traditional process, the activated carbon-activated sludge (AC-AS) process has a promising potential in treating wastewater with high concentrations of toxic compounds, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), etc. In this paper, activated carbon (AC), activated sludge (AS) and AC-AS were used to treat the wastewater produced from an explosion accident in the Xiangshui Chemical Industrial Park. The removal efficiency was assessed by the removal performances of COD, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), NH4+-N, aniline and nitrobenzene. Increased removal efficiency and shortened treatment time were achieved in the AC-AS system. To achieve the same COD, DOC and aniline removal (90%), the AC-AS system saved 30, 38 and 58 h compared with the AS system, respectively. The enhancement mechanism of AC on the AS was explored by metagenomic analysis and three-dimensional excitation-emission-matrix spectra (3DEEMs). More organics, especially aromatic substances were removed in the AC-AS system. These results showed that the addition of AC promoted the microbial activity in pollutant degradation. Bacteria, such as Pyrinomonas, Acidobacteria and Nitrospira and genes, such as hao, pmoA-amoA, pmoB-amoB and pmoC-amoC, were found in the AC-AS reactor, which might have played important roles in the degradation of pollutants. To sum up, AC might have enhanced the growth of aerobic bacteria which further improved the removal efficiency via the combined effects of adsorption and biodegradation. The successful treatment of Xiangshui accident wastewater using the AC-AS demonstrated the potential universal characteristics of the process for the treatment of wastewater with high concentration of organic matter and toxicity. This study is expected to provide reference and guidance for the treatment of similar accident wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanying Wang
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; Basin Research Center for Water Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Guanglei Qiu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jian Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Zhuang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Weiye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; Basin Research Center for Water Pollution Control, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Yonghui Song
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
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Siagian UWR, Aryanti PTP, Widiasa IN, Khoiruddin K, Wardani AK, Ting YP, Wenten IG. Performance and economic evaluation of a pilot scale embedded ends-free membrane bioreactor (EEF-MBR). Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s00253-023-12551-y. [PMID: 37178308 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12551-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In this work, an embedded ends-free membrane bioreactor (EEF-MBR) has been developed to overcome the fouling problem. The EEF-MBR unit has a novel configuration where a bed of granular activated carbon is placed in the bioreactor tank and fluidized by the aeration system. The performance of pilot-scale EEF-MBR was assessed based on flux and selectivity over 140 h. The permeate flux fluctuated between 2 and 10 L.m-2.h-1 under operating pressure of 0.07-0.2 bar when EEF-MBR was used to treat wastewater containing high organic matter. The COD removal efficiency was more than 99% after 1 h of operating time. Results from the pilot-scale performance were then used to design a large-scale EEF-MBR with 1200 m3.day-1 capacity. Economic analysis showed that this new MBR configuration was cost-effective when the permeate flux was set at 10 L.m-2.h-1. The estimated additional cost for the large-scale wastewater treatment was about 0.25 US$.m-3 with a payback period of 3 years. KEY POINTS: • Performance of new MBR configuration, EEF-MBR, was assessed in long term operation. • EEF-MBR shows high COD removal and relatively stable flux. • Cost estimation of large scale shows the cost effective EEF-MBR application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utjok Welo Risma Siagian
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | | | - I Nyoman Widiasa
- Chemical Engineering Department, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof Sudarto-Tembalang, Semarang, 50239, Indonesia
| | - Khoiruddin Khoiruddin
- Chemical Engineering Department, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Anita Kusuma Wardani
- Chemical Engineering Department, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Yen Peng Ting
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - I Gede Wenten
- Chemical Engineering Department, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia.
- Research Center for Biosciences and Biotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia.
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Chemically enhanced high-loaded membrane bioreactor (CE-HLMBR) for A-stage municipal wastewater treatment: Pilot-scale experiments and practical feasibility evaluation. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Sahreen S, Mukhtar H, Imre K, Morar A, Herman V, Sharif S. Exploring the Function of Quorum Sensing Regulated Biofilms in Biological Wastewater Treatment: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179751. [PMID: 36077148 PMCID: PMC9456111 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS), a type of bacterial cell–cell communication, produces autoinducers which help in biofilm formation in response to cell population density. In this review, biofilm formation, the role of QS in biofilm formation and development with reference to biological wastewater treatment are discussed. Autoinducers, for example, acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs), auto-inducing oligo-peptides (AIPs) and autoinducer 2, present in both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, with their mechanism, are also explained. Over the years, wastewater treatment (WWT) by QS-regulated biofilms and their optimization for WWT have gained much attention. This article gives a comprehensive review of QS regulation methods, QS enrichment methods and QS inhibition methods in biological waste treatment systems. Typical QS enrichment methods comprise adding QS molecules, adding QS accelerants and cultivating QS bacteria, while typical QS inhibition methods consist of additions of quorum quenching (QQ) bacteria, QS-degrading enzymes, QS-degrading oxidants, and QS inhibitors. Potential applications of QS regulated biofilms for WWT have also been summarized. At last, the knowledge gaps present in current researches are analyzed, and future study requirements are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sania Sahreen
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Hamid Mukhtar
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (H.M.); (K.I.); Tel.: +92-3334245581 (H.M.); +40-256277186 (K.I.)
| | - Kálmán Imre
- Department of Animal Production and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania”, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
- Correspondence: (H.M.); (K.I.); Tel.: +92-3334245581 (H.M.); +40-256277186 (K.I.)
| | - Adriana Morar
- Department of Animal Production and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania”, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Viorel Herman
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania”, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Sundas Sharif
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
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Liu YJ. Mitigation of membrane fouling of alginate with combined actions of aeration and powdered activated carbon: Fouling behaviors and mechanisms. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2022; 94:e10748. [PMID: 35703107 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A laboratory-scale flat-sheet ceramic microfiltration membrane system was developed to investigate the membrane fouling behaviors and mechanisms of sodium alginate (SA) in the presence of aeration and powdered activated carbon (PAC). When the SA concentration increased from 20 to 500 mg/L, the permeate flux decreased by 81.7%, and the transmembrane pressure (TMP) and resistance increased 1.7 and 24.5 times, respectively. At an SA concentration of 500 mg/L, it was found that the membrane fouling tended to decrease with the increase in the aeration rate, indicating high control of the fouling by air scouring, while PAC-aeration scouring produced a significant improvement in the permeate flux with substantially reduced fouling. In the microfiltration of 500 mg/L SA at an air flow rate of 2.2 L/min and PAC concentrations of 40, 100, and 250 mg/L, the flux increased by 179.3%, 238.0%, and 302.7%, the TMP decreased by 32.6%, 34.8%, and 45.7%, and the cake and pore blocking resistance decreased by 78.0%, 85.1%, and 87.9%, respectively, compared to the corresponding values without PAC-aeration scouring. Intermediate blocking and complete blocking models were confirmed to elucidate the effect of aeration scouring and PAC-aeration scouring on the mitigation of membrane fouling by SA. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Air scouring was effective at mitigating membrane fouling of sodium alginate. The addition of PAC could alleviate membrane fouling of SA. Synergistic scouring by aeration and PAC offers a promising means for more-efficient and cost-effective control of membrane fouling. The fouling mechanisms in various scenarios were elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Juan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Datong University, Datong City, P.R. China
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Deng L, Guo W, Ngo HH, Zhang X, Chen C, Chen Z, Cheng D, Ni SQ, Wang Q. Recent advances in attached growth membrane bioreactor systems for wastewater treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 808:152123. [PMID: 34864031 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To tackle membrane fouling and limited removals of pollutants (nutrients and emerging pollutants) that hinder the wide applications of membrane bioreactor (MBR), attached growth MBR (AGMBR) combining MBR and attached growth process has been developed. This review comprehensively presents the up-to-date developments of media used in both aerobic and anaerobic AGMBRs for treating wastewaters containing conventional and emerging pollutants. It also elaborates the properties of different media, characteristics of attached biomass, and their contributions to AGMBR performance. Conventional media, such as biological activated carbon and polymeric carriers, induce formation of aerobic, anoxic and/or anaerobic microenvironment, increase specific surface area or porous space for biomass retention, improve microbial activities, and enrich diverse microorganisms, thereby enhancing pollutants removal. Meanwhile, new media (i.e. biochar, bioaugmented carriers with selected strain/mixed cultures) do not only eliminate conventional pollutants (i.e. high concentration of nitrogen, etc.), but also effectively remove emerging pollutants (i.e. micropollutants, nonylphenol, adsorbable organic halogens, etc.) by forming thick and dense biofilm, creating anoxic/anaerobic microenvironments inside the media, enriching special functional microorganisms and increasing activity of microorganisms. Additionally, media can improve sludge characteristics (i.e. less extracellular polymeric substances and soluble microbial products, larger floc size, better sludge settleability, etc.), alleviating membrane fouling. Future studies need to focus on the development and applications of more new functional media in removing wider spectrum of emerging pollutants and enhancing biogas generation, as well as scale-up of lab-scale AGMBRs to pilot or full-scale AGMBRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Deng
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Wenshan Guo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, University of Technology Sydney and Tianjin Chengjian University,.
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, University of Technology Sydney and Tianjin Chengjian University,.
| | - Xinbo Zhang
- Joint Research Centre for Protective Infrastructure Technology and Environmental Green Bioprocess, University of Technology Sydney and Tianjin Chengjian University,; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin Chengjian University, Jinjing Road 26, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Infinite Water Holdings Pty Ltd., Unit 17/809 Botany Road, Rosebery, Sydney, NSW 2018, Australia
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Dongle Cheng
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Shou-Qing Ni
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Department of Environment Science & Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Gutiérrez M, Grillini V, Mutavdžić Pavlović D, Verlicchi P. Activated carbon coupled with advanced biological wastewater treatment: A review of the enhancement in micropollutant removal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 790:148050. [PMID: 34091341 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This study consists of a review on the removal efficiencies of a wide spectrum of micropollutants (MPs) in biological treatment (mainly membrane bioreactor) coupled with activated carbon (AC) (AC added in the bioreactor or followed by an AC unit, acting as a post treatment). It focuses on how the presence of AC may promote the removal of MPs and the effects of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in wastewater. Removal data collected of MPs are analysed versus AC dose if powdered AC is added in the bioreactor, and as a function of the empty bed contact time in the case of a granular activated carbon (GAC) column acting as a post treatment. Moreover, the enhancement in macropollutant (organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus compounds) removal is analysed as well as the AC mitigation effect towards membrane fouling and, finally, how sludge properties may change in the presence of AC. To sum up, it was found that AC improves the removal of most MPs, favouring their sorption on the AC surface, promoted by the presence of different functional groups and then enhancing their degradation processes. DOM is a strong competitor in sorption on the AC surface, but it may promote the transformation of GAC in a biologically activated carbon thus enhancing all the degradation processes. Finally, AC in the bioreactor increases sludge floc strength and improves its settling characteristics and sorption potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Gutiérrez
- Department of Engineering, University of Ferrara, Via Saragat 1, 44122 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Vittoria Grillini
- Department of Engineering, University of Ferrara, Via Saragat 1, 44122 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Dragana Mutavdžić Pavlović
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Paola Verlicchi
- Department of Engineering, University of Ferrara, Via Saragat 1, 44122 Ferrara, Italy.
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Xiong J, Zuo X, Zhang S, Liao W, Chen Z. Model-based evaluation of fouling mechanisms in powdered activated carbon/membrane bioreactor system. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2019; 79:1844-1852. [PMID: 31294700 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2019.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Identifying the fouling degree of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) provides guidance on the determination of suitable membrane cleaning methods. There is still a lack of knowledge on the effects of powdered activated carbon (PAC) refresh ratio on the MBR fouling mechanism. Major fouling mechanisms of an MBR with constant flow rate at different PAC replenishment ratios were investigated by individual and combined mechanistic fouling models. The root mean square errors were employed to assess the prediction accuracy of the used fouling models. The combined models showed better prediction. The cake-complete model provided far better fits of the transmembrane pressure data, and provided good fits of other individual model predictions regardless of the PAC refreshment ratio. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed that the cake layer clogging was the main fouling mechanism followed by complete blockage and standard plugging. The cake-complete model may be used to predict the fouling mechanisms in PAC/MBR systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Xiong
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xingtao Zuo
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China E-mail:
| | - Shi Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China E-mail:
| | - Wei Liao
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China E-mail:
| | - Zhongbing Chen
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague 16500, Czech Republic
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