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Yang L, Wang Z, Hu Z, Wang X, Cheng X, Chen Y, Wang S, Wang C, Zhou W, Zhao H. Optimization Strategy for Formaldehyde Removal by Carbon Cathode Electro-Fenton: Enhancement of Formaldehyde and Oxygen Co-adsorption by Rational Nitrogen Doping Types. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 39088834 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the effect of N-doped coal-based activated carbon cathode on formaldehyde-oxygen coadsorption. Further investigation investigates the effect of formaldehyde-oxygen coadsorption on H2O2 generation and formaldehyde removal in an electro-Fenton system. Nitrogen doping enhances formaldehyde and oxygen coadsorption by modulating competitive adsorption. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations confirm pyrrole nitrogen favors formaldehyde, and graphite nitrogen favors oxygen adsorption. N-doped activated carbon adsorbs 0.36 mg of formaldehyde and 0.1 mg of oxygen in 120 min and removes 82.43% of formaldehyde after electro-Fenton treatment. N-doped activated carbon enhances the synergistic adsorption of formaldehyde and oxygen. In the synergistic adsorption process, the amount of formaldehyde adsorbed is greater than the amount of oxygen adsorbed. This improves the removal efficiency of formaldehyde by electro-Fenton technology. It provides a new method for electro-Fenton removal of organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- School of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China
| | - Zhonghua Wang
- School of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China
| | - Zhipei Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Xiaochun Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Xiangming Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Yongqi Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Song Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Chenghao Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- School of Energy, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Haiqian Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
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Hu Z, Lai S, Chen Y, Wang S, Wang C, Wang X, Zhou W, Zhao H. Mechanisms of efficient indoor formaldehyde removal via electro-Fenton: Synergy in ·OH generation and utilization through a modified carbon cathode. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 351:124090. [PMID: 38697249 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Indoor formaldehyde poses a significant carcinogenic risk to human health, making its removal imperative. Electro-Fenton degradation has emerged as a promising technology for addressing this concern. In the electro-Fenton system, ·OH is identified as the primary active species responsible for formaldehyde removal. Hence, its generation and utilization are pivotal for the system's effectiveness and economy. Experimental and quantum chemical methods were employed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of nitrogen doping on various aspects influencing ·OH generation and utilization. Results indicate that nitrogen doping synergistically enhances the generation and utilization of ·OH, leading to an improved formaldehyde removal efficiency in nitrogen-doped cathodic systems. The dominant nitrogen type influencing ·OH generation and utilization varies across different stages. Pyridinic nitrogen facilitates H2O2 adsorption through hydrogen bonding, while pyrrolic and graphitic nitrogen contribute to formaldehyde adsorption and catalyze the conversion of H2O2 to ·OH. Both pyridinic nitrogen and pyrrolic nitrogen boost the degradation of formaldehyde by ·OH. In comparison to the unmodified system, the modified system with NAC-GF/700C as cathode exhibits remarkable improvements. The formaldehyde removal efficiency has increased twofold, and energy consumption reduced by 73.45%. Furthermore, the system demonstrates excellent cyclic stability. These advancements can be attributed to the activation temperature, which leads to the appropriate types and high content of nitrogen elements in NAC-GF/700C. The research represents an important step towards more economical and efficient electro-Fenton technology for indoor formaldehyde removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipei Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Shiwei Lai
- School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Yongqi Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Song Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Chenghao Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Xiaochun Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Haiqian Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
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Zhang Z, Zhao H, Wang Z, Hu Z, Wang Q, Meng E, Lai S, Ying J, Li H, Wu C. Strategies for promoting the degradation of phenol by electro-Fenton: Simultaneously promoting the generation and utilization of H 2O 2. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116794. [PMID: 37527749 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
The use of the electro-Fenton process to continuously generate H2O2 and efficiently degrade organic pollutants is considered a promising technology. The ratio of generation of H2O2 is usually regarded as the critical step; however, how the H2O2 is utilized is also of particular importance. Herein, activated carbon was activated at different temperatures and used to explore the effect of nitrogen doping on the production and utilization of H2O2 in the electro-Fenton-based degradation of organic pollutants. The experimental results indicate that nitrogen-doped activated carbon simultaneously promotes the generation and utilization of H2O2, which is attributed to the regulation of the competition between phenol and O2 adsorption by the doped nitrogen. Nitrogen doping not only improves 2e-ORR selectivity but also aggregates phenol near the cathode to balance the concentrations of phenol and ·OH. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further confirmed that pyrrole-N as a dopant promoted the adsorption of phenol, while pyridine-N was more favorable for O2 adsorption. The unique balance of nitrogen types possessed by modified activated carbon NAC-750 permits the efficient synergistic generation and utilization of H2O2 in a balanced manner during the degradation of phenol. This work provides a new direction for the rational nitrogen-doping modification of activated carbon for the electro-Fenton-based degradation of organic pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangzhuang Zhang
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163318, China
| | - Haiqian Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China.
| | - Zhonghua Wang
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163318, China
| | - Zhipei Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
| | - Qingshu Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
| | - Erlin Meng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215009, China
| | - Shiwei Lai
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163318, China
| | - Jiaxin Ying
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163318, China
| | - Hongguang Li
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163318, China
| | - Chuanyan Wu
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163318, China
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Liu S, Lian Z, Zhang M, Zhang S, Zhong Q. Intensification of NO2 removal in sulfite solutions with reusable copper chloride: Mechanism and Process parameters. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Lai S, Zhao H, Qu Z, Tang Z, Yang X, Jiang P, Wang Z. Promotion of formaldehyde degradation by electro-Fenton: Controlling the distribution of ·OH and formaldehyde near cathode to increase the reaction probability. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135776. [PMID: 35868527 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The mismatch of pollutant concentration and ·OH concentration is the key reason for the inefficient degradation of formaldehyde in the electro-Fenton system. Therefore, formaldehyde and ·OH are adsorbed near the cathode, and the high concentration reaction region is constructed to increase the reaction probability, which is called control of the reaction region. Through nitrogen doping modification of the activated carbon cathode, the adsorption capacity of the modified cathode for formaldehyde and active species, and the selectivity of the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction were deeply analyzed. The results show that the suitable nitrogen doping form of the modified cathode significantly promotes the adsorption capacity of formaldehyde and H2O2, which is beneficial to realizing the promotion of formaldehyde degradation by nitrogen doped cathodes in the electro-Fenton system through control of the reaction region. Graphite nitrogen and pyrrolic nitrogen improve formaldehyde adsorption by enhancing the van der Waals force (8.897 mg g-1), and pyridinic nitrogen improve H2O2 adsorption (1.841 mg g-1) by enhancing the effect of hydrogen bonding interaction. Nitrogen doping enhances Fe2+ regeneration, which contributes to the generation of ·OH at the cathode, and promotes formaldehyde degradation. The control of the reaction region through modification of the electro-Fenton cathode achieved formaldehyde degradation of 35.1 mg L-1 (48.51% higher than that of the unmodified cathode), which provides a promising process for formaldehyde treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Lai
- School of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, 163318, China
| | - Haiqian Zhao
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, 163318, China.
| | - Zhibin Qu
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Ziyu Tang
- School of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, 163318, China
| | - Xue Yang
- School of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, 163318, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, 163318, China
| | - Zhonghua Wang
- School of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, 163318, China
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Sun S, Zhang J, Sheng C, Zhong H. The removal of NO from flue gas by NaOH-catalyzed H 2O 2 system: Mechanism exploration and primary experiment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 440:129788. [PMID: 35988485 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Currently, most advanced oxidation denitrification technologies require long flue gas residence time to obtain ideal NO removal efficiency. The NaOH-catalyzed H2O2 system proposed in this paper can obtain 98% NO removal efficiency under the condition of flue gas residence time of 3 s. The mechanism of NO removal and H2O2 decomposition to O2 were proposed. It was confirmed with ESR (Electron-spin-resonance), inhibitor experiments and UV-Vis spectrophotometer that the main group in the reaction process was·O2- radicals, which reacted with NO to form ONOO-, and ONOO- would be gradually transformed into NO3- and NO2- in the air. The effect of some primary factors on the NO removal efficiency and the percentage of H2O2 decomposition to O2 were also investigated. The increase of initial pH has a positive effect on NO removal, while the promotion of NO removal by increasing H2O2 concentration and reaction temperature is limited and the increase of NO has a negative effect on NO removal. Initial pH has a dual impact on the percentage of H2O2 decomposition to O2, H2O2 concentration and reaction temperature promote the decomposition of H2O2 to O2, while NO concentration has an inhibiting effect on it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Sun
- Department of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096 Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Changdong Sheng
- Department of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096 Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Zhong
- Department of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096 Jiangsu, China
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Sun S, Zhang J, Sheng C, Zhong H. Experimental Study on the Removal of NO from Coal-Fired Flue Gas by the Na 2SiO 3/Fenton System. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c02104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Sun
- Department of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China
| | - Changdong Sheng
- Department of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Zhong
- Department of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China
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Sharif HMA, Mahmood N, Wang S, Hussain I, Hou YN, Yang LH, Zhao X, Yang B. Recent advances in hybrid wet scrubbing techniques for NO x and SO 2 removal: State of the art and future research. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 273:129695. [PMID: 33524756 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the discharge of flue gas has become a global issue due to the rapid development in industrial and anthropogenic activities. Various dry and wet treatment approaches including conventional and hybrid hybrid wet scrubbing have been employing to combat against these toxic exhaust emissions. However, certain issues i.e., large energy consumption, generation of secondary pollutants, low regeneration of scrubbing liquid and high efficieny are hindering their practical applications on industrial level. Despite this, the hybrid wet scrubbing technique (advanced oxidation, ionic-liquids and solid engineered interface hybrid materials based techniques) is gaining great attention because of its low installation costs, simultaneous removal of multi-air pollutants and low energy requirements. However, the lack of understanding about the basic principles and fundamental requirements are great hurdles for its commercial scale application, which is aim of this review article. This review article highlights the recent developments, minimization of GHG, sustainable improvements for the regeneration of used catalyst via green and electron rich donors. It explains, various hybrid wet scrubbing techniques can perform well under mild condition with possible improvements such as development of stable, heterogeneous catalysts, fast and in-situ regeneration for large scale applications. Finally, it discussed recovery of resources i.e., N2O, NH3 and N2, the key challenges about several competitive side products and loss of catalytic activity over time to treat toxic gases via feasible solutions by hybrid wet scrubbing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nasir Mahmood
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, 124 La Trobe Street, 3001, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shengye Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China
| | - Ijaz Hussain
- Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
| | - Ya-Nan Hou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, 300384, PR China
| | - Li-Hui Yang
- Research Center for Eco-environmental Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan, 523808, PR China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, PR China
| | - Bo Yang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China.
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Yuan B, Mao X, Wang Z, Hao R, Zhao Y. Radical-induced oxidation removal of multi-air-pollutant: A critical review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 383:121162. [PMID: 31520933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitric oxide (NO) and elemental mercury (Hg0) are three common air pollutants in flue gas. SO2 and NO are the main precursors for chemical smog and Hg0 is a bio-toxicant for human. Cooperative removal of multi-air-pollutant in flue gas using radical-induced oxidation reaction is considered as one of the most promising methods due to the high removal efficiency, low cost and less secondary environmental impact. The common radicals used in air pollution control can be classified into four types: (1) hydroxyl radical (OH), (2) sulfate radical (SO4-), (3) chlorine-containing radicals (Cl, ClO2, ClO, HOCl-, etc.) and (4) ozone. This review summarizes the generation methods and mechanism of the four kinds of radicals, as well as their applications in the removal of multi-air-pollutant in flue gas. The reactivity, selectivity and reaction mechanism of the four kinds of radicals in multi-air-pollutant removal were comprehensively described. Finally, some future research suggestions on the development of new technique for cooperative removal of multi-air-pollutant in flue gas were provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yuan
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071003, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, PR China
| | - Xingzhou Mao
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071003, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, PR China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071003, PR China
| | - Runlong Hao
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071003, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, PR China.
| | - Yi Zhao
- Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, 071003, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, PR China.
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