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Chokphukiao P, Amatachaya S, Poncumhak P, Intaruk R, Thaweewannakij T, Somboonporn C, Peungsuwan P, Amatachaya P, Sooknuan T. The determination of sarcopenia in older adults using a practical measure. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2024; 37:641-649. [PMID: 38160333 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-230143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many older adults are at risk of sarcopenia, a gradual loss of muscle mass affecting muscle strength and physical function, which can lead to adverse health consequences deteriorating their independence. However, the detection could be delayed due to the requirement of many measures, including a complex imaging modality. Thus, an exploration for a practical community- or home-based measure would be helpful to identify at-risk older adults and begin the timely management. OBJECTIVE To explore the ability of the upper limb loading during a seated push-up test (ULL-SPUT) to determine the presence of sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS Older adults (n= 110; 62 females, average age approximately 77 years) were cross-sectionally assessed for sarcopenia using standard measures (handgrip strength, appendicular skeletal muscle mass, and walking speed) and the ULL-SPUT. RESULTS Data from standard measures indicated that 44 participants had sarcopenia. The ULL-SPUT index of < 16.9 kg/m2 for females (sensitivity = 86%, specificity = 78%, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.85) and < 19.7 kg/m2 for males (sensitivity = 73%, specificity = 69%, AUC = 0.83) could optimally identify participants with sarcopenia. CONCLUSION The ULL-SPUT index could be used to screen and monitor older adults with sarcopenia in various clinical, community, and home settings. This practical measure may be accomplished using a digital bathroom scale on a hard, even surface. Outcomes would identify an adult who should undergo further confirmation of sarcopenia through standard measures or the initiation of timely management to promote treatment effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pakwipa Chokphukiao
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Improvement of Physical Performance and Quality of Life (IPQ) Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Sugalya Amatachaya
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Improvement of Physical Performance and Quality of Life (IPQ) Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Puttipong Poncumhak
- Improvement of Physical Performance and Quality of Life (IPQ) Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
- Unit of Excellent of Physical Fitness and Exercise, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Roongnapa Intaruk
- Improvement of Physical Performance and Quality of Life (IPQ) Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Thiwabhorn Thaweewannakij
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Improvement of Physical Performance and Quality of Life (IPQ) Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Charoonsak Somboonporn
- Improvement of Physical Performance and Quality of Life (IPQ) Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Punnee Peungsuwan
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Pipatana Amatachaya
- Improvement of Physical Performance and Quality of Life (IPQ) Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Thanat Sooknuan
- Improvement of Physical Performance and Quality of Life (IPQ) Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Rajamangala University of Technology Isan, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
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Chokphukiao P, Poncumhak P, Intaruk R, Thaweewannakij T, Somboonporn C, Amatachaya S. The Use of Practical Measures to Determine Body Composition of Older People. Malays J Med Sci 2023; 30:129-143. [PMID: 37928794 PMCID: PMC10624436 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2023.30.5.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Older adults frequently experience body composition changes-decreased lean body mass (LBM) and bone mineral content (BMC), along with increased body fat mass (FM)-which affect their health and independence. However, the need for standard complex and costly imaging modalities could delay the detection of these changes and retard treatment effectiveness. Thus, this study explored the ability of practical measures, including simple muscle strength tests and demographic data, to determine the body composition of older adults. Methods Participants (n = 111, with an average age of 77 years old) were cross-sectionally assessed for the outcomes of the study, including upper limb loading during a seated push-up test (ULL-SPUT), hand grip (HG) strength test and body composition. Results The ULL-SPUT significantly correlated with body composition (r or rs, = 0.370-0.781; P < 0.05), particularly for female participants and was higher than that found for the HG strength test (rs = 0.340-0.614; P < 0.05). The ULL-SPUT and HG strength test, along with gender and body mass index (BMI), could accurately determine the LBM and BMC of the participants up to 82%. Conclusion The ULL-SPUT along with gender and BMI can be used as a practical strategy to detect the LBM and BMC of older adults in various settings. Such a strategy would facilitate timely managements (i.e. standard confirmation or appropriate interventions) in various settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pakwipa Chokphukiao
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Improvement of Physical Performance and Quality of Life (IPQ) Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Puttipong Poncumhak
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Improvement of Physical Performance and Quality of Life (IPQ) Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Roongnapa Intaruk
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Improvement of Physical Performance and Quality of Life (IPQ) Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Thiwabhorn Thaweewannakij
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Improvement of Physical Performance and Quality of Life (IPQ) Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Charoonsak Somboonporn
- Improvement of Physical Performance and Quality of Life (IPQ) Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sugalya Amatachaya
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Improvement of Physical Performance and Quality of Life (IPQ) Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Chokphukiao P, Poncumhak P, Thaweewannakij T, Intaruk R, Amatachaya S. Seated push-up tests: Reliable and valid measures for older individuals when used by primary healthcare providers. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2023:BMR220040. [PMID: 36872768 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-220040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body composition decline, lower limb impairments, and mobility deficits affect independence of older people. The exploration for a practical measure involving upper extremities may offer an alternative tool to be used by primary healthcare (PHC) providers for these individuals. OBJECTIVE To explore reliability and validity of seated push-up tests (SPUTs) among older participants when used by PHC providers. METHODS Older participants (n= 146) with an average age of > 70 years were cross-sectionally assessed using various demanding forms of SPUTs and standard measures to assess validity of the SPUTs. Reliability of the SPUTs were assessed in nine PHC raters, including an expert, health professionals, village health volunteers, and care givers. RESULTS The SPUTs demonstrated very good agreement, with excellent rater and test-retest reliability (kappa values > 0.87 and ICCs > 0.93, p< 0.001). Moreover, the SPUT outcomes significantly correlated with lean body mass, bone mineral contents, muscle strength and mobility of older participants (r, rpb=-0.270 to 0.758, p< 0.05). CONCLUSION SPUTs are reliable and valid for older adults when used by PHC members. The incorporation of such practical measures is particularly important during this COVID-19 pandemic with limited people's hospital access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pakwipa Chokphukiao
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Improvement of Physical Performance and Quality of Life (IPQ) Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Puttipong Poncumhak
- Improvement of Physical Performance and Quality of Life (IPQ) Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Department of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Thiwabhorn Thaweewannakij
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Improvement of Physical Performance and Quality of Life (IPQ) Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Roongnapa Intaruk
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Improvement of Physical Performance and Quality of Life (IPQ) Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sugalya Amatachaya
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.,Improvement of Physical Performance and Quality of Life (IPQ) Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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