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Sidiq M, Ramachandran A, Janakiraman B, Kashoo FZ, Chahal A, Singh J, Almotairi Y, Almotairi AA, Miraj M, Ch SJP, Vajrala KR, Muthukrishnan R, Kandakurti PK. Adaption and psychometric evaluation of the Hindi version of Neck Disability Index in the rural population of Northern India: A cross cultural study. F1000Res 2024; 12:1599. [PMID: 39282515 PMCID: PMC11393535 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.142451.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background To ensure the validity and therapeutic utility of the Neck disability index (NDI) scale, translations, cultural adaptations and psychometric evidence is necessary. This study aimed to address the absence of a suitable and validated Hindi version of the NDI for the rural population. The specific objectives were to translate, adapt, and evaluate the psychometric properties of the newly developed Hindi version of the NDI. Methods Following guidelines provided by the American Association of Orthopedic Surgeons, the original English NDI scale was cross-culturally adapted into Hindi. The adaptation process included translations (forward and backward), expert committee review, pre-testing and cognitive debriefing with 30 individuals experiencing chronic non-specific neck pain. The outcome of this process was the creation of the Hindi version of the NDI, termed NDI-Hi. Subsequently, NDI-Hi was administered to 211 participants with neck pain from multiple centers for psychometric testing. The evaluation involved test-retest reliability over a 48-hour interval, factor analysis, assessment of internal reliability measures, and criterion-related validity by comparing it with the NPAD-Hindi version. Results The NDI-Hi version exhibited favorable psychometric properties, including good test-retest reliability with an intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.87. Internal consistency of the scale was high, indicated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α) of 0.96. The standard error of measurement (SEM) was determined to be 2.58, and the minimal detectable change (MDC) was calculated to be 7.15. Furthermore, the NDI-Hi showed significant correlation with the NPAD-Hindi version, with a correlation coefficient (rho) of 0.86, and a p-value of less than 0.001. Conclusions The NDI-Hi demonstrated validity and reliability as an outcome tool for assessing neck disability. It can be effectively utilized in clinical practice and research settings involving Hindi-speaking individuals with chronic non-specific neck pain. The adapted scale is particularly well-suited for the rural Northern Indian Hindi-speaking population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sidiq
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Madhav University, Abu Road Sirohi Rajasthan, 307026, India
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, 203201, India
| | - Arunachalam Ramachandran
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Madhav University, Abu Road Sirohi Rajasthan, 307026, India
| | - Balamurugan Janakiraman
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Madhav University, Abu Road Sirohi Rajasthan, 307026, India
- SRM College of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRMIST), Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Faizan Zaffar Kashoo
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Riyadh Province, 11932, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aksh Chahal
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, 203201, India
| | - Janvhi Singh
- Department of Physiotherapy, NIMS University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 303121, India
| | - Yousef Almotairi
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Area Armed Forces Hospital, Hafar Al Batin, Eastern Province, 31991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Aziz Almotairi
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Northern Area Armed Forces Hospital, Hafar Al Batin, Eastern Province, 31991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Miraj
- Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Riyadh Province, 11932, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sai Jaya Prakash Ch
- PDS Institute of Physiotherapy, Kaloji Narayana Rao University of Health Sciences, Purani Haveli, Hyderabad, 506007, India
| | - Krishna Reddy Vajrala
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, 203201, India
| | - Ramprasad Muthukrishnan
- College of Health Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, Al Jurf, 4184, United Arab Emirates
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Modarresi S, Lukacs MJ, Ghodrati M, Salim S, MacDermid JC, Walton DM. A Systematic Review and Synthesis of Psychometric Properties of the Numeric Pain Rating Scale and the Visual Analog Scale for Use in People With Neck Pain. Clin J Pain 2021; 38:132-148. [PMID: 34699406 DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0000000000000999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To conduct a systematic search and synthesis of evidence about the measurement properties of the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) as patient-reported outcome measures in neck pain research. METHODS AND MATERIALS CINAHL, Embase, PsychInfo, and MedLine databases were searched to identify studies evaluating the psychometric properties of the NPRS and the VAS used in samples of which >50% of participants were people with neck pain. Quality and consistency of findings were synthesized to arrive at recommendations. RESULTS A total of 46 manuscripts were included. Syntheses indicated high-to-moderate-quality evidence of good-to-excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.58 to 0.93) test-retest reliability over an interval of 7 hours to 4 weeks. Moderate evidence of a clinically important difference of 1.5 to 2.5 points was found, while minimum detectable change ranged from 2.6 to 4.1 points. Moderate evidence of a moderate association (r=0.48 to 0.54) between the NPRS or VAS and the Neck Disability Index. Findings from other patient-reported outcomes indicated stronger associations with ratings of physical function than emotional status. There is limited research addressing the extent that these measures reflect outcomes that are important to patients. DISCUSSION It is clear NPRS and the VAS ratings are feasible to implement, provide reliable scores and relate to multi-item patient-reported outcome measures. Responsiveness (meaningful change) of the scales and interpretation of change scores requires further refinement. The NPRS can be a useful single-item assessment complimenting more comprehensive multi-item patient-reported outcome measures in neck pain research and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Modarresi
- School of Physical Therapy
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Western University, London
| | - Michael J Lukacs
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Western University, London
| | - Maryam Ghodrati
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Western University, London
| | - Shahan Salim
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Joy C MacDermid
- School of Physical Therapy
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Western University, London
| | - David M Walton
- School of Physical Therapy
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Western University, London
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The Short-Form Neck Disability index has adequate measurement properties in chronic neck pain patients. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2021; 30:3593-3599. [PMID: 34647181 PMCID: PMC8514279 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-021-07019-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To assess test–retest reliability, internal consistency, construct validity, and the presence of ceiling and floor effects in the Brazilian version of the Short-Form Neck Disability Index (SF-NDI) in patients with chronic neck pain.
Methods One hundred and fifty-six patients answered the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Short-Form Neck Disability Index (SF-NDI), Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TKS), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), and the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey questionnaire (SF-36). Another sample (n = 51) filled the SF-NDI at two different times, and test–retest reliability was measured using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), and minimum detectable change (MDC). The internal consistency of the SF-NDI was analyzed by Cronbach's alpha. To determine construct validity, Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to determine the magnitude of the correlation between the score of the SF-NDI and other measurement instruments: NPRS, TKS, PCS, SF-36, and original NDI. Results SF-NDI presented substantial reliability (ICC = 0.844) and adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.778). We observed significant values and with a correlation magnitude greater than 0.80 for the SF-NDI with the original NDI, between 0.30 and 0.50 for the correlations with TKS, and the functional capacity and pain domains of the SF-36, and less than 0.30 with the other study instruments. No participant reached the maximum score. Ceiling and floor effects were not observed. Conclusions SF-NDI with 5 items has adequate measurement properties in Brazilian chronic neck pain patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00586-021-07019-4.
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