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Bögge L, Colás-Blanco I, Ferragu J, Gaston-Bellegarde A, La Corte V, Piolino P. Autonomic and cognitive control in memory: Investigating the psychophysiological link using heart rate variability biofeedback. Psychophysiology 2024; 61:e14588. [PMID: 38769698 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Vagally mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV) at resting state has been associated to cognitive functions dependent on cognitive control, such as memory. However, little is known about the phasic interaction between cognitive and autonomic control. In a pre-registered within-between-subject designed experiment, the potential of vmHRV biofeedback to simultaneously stimulate vmHRV during memory processing and cognitive control over long-term memory was tested, along with investigating psychophysiological association. 71 young healthy adults completed (twice) a false memory task in virtual reality. Immediately before memory encoding and retrieval, participants practiced either vmHRV biofeedback or a control breathing exercise. Cognitive control over long-term memory was assessed as the confidence toward false memories and the capability to discriminate them from true memories. Resting-state vmHRV before each test and phasic vmHRV during memory encoding and retrieval were measured as the root mean square differences (RMSSD) in the heart period. vmHRV biofeedback had neither an immediate effect on measures of cognitive control over long-term memory nor on phasic RMSSD. Moreover, neither resting-state nor phasic vmHRV correlated to the cognitive scores. Consequently, the utility of HRV biofeedback as a psychophysiological stimulation tool and a link between vmHRV and cognitive control over long-term memory could not be verified. Exploratory analyses revealed that baseline shift in parasympathetic activity confounded the psychophysiological association. Future directions are provided that could shed light on the relationship between cognition and vmHRV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Bögge
- Institute of Psychology, Memory, Brain & Cognition Laboratory, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Itsaso Colás-Blanco
- Institute of Psychology, Memory, Brain & Cognition Laboratory, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Juliette Ferragu
- Institute of Psychology, Memory, Brain & Cognition Laboratory, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Valentina La Corte
- Institute of Psychology, Memory, Brain & Cognition Laboratory, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Pascale Piolino
- Institute of Psychology, Memory, Brain & Cognition Laboratory, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
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Billet M, D'Argembeau A, Meulemans T, Willems S. The effects of age on objective and subjective recollection after visiting a virtual apartment. NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENT, AND COGNITION. SECTION B, AGING, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2024; 31:340-361. [PMID: 36661572 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2023.2168607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
While aging has been associated with decreased retrieval of episodic memory details, subjective ratings about memory quality seem to remain stable. This suggests that subjective memory judgments are based on different information according to age. Here, we tested the hypothesis that older people would rather base their subjective judgments on the retrieval of personal elements (such as emotions and thoughts), whereas younger people would rather base their judgments on the retrieval of event-related elements (such as time, place, and perceptual details). Sixty participants (20 to 79 years old) performed eight actions in a virtual apartment and were then asked to verbally recall each action with a maximum of associated elements and to rate the subjective quality of their memories. The elements reported were classified into "person-related" and "event-related" categories. Executive functions, memory performance on traditional memory tasks, and subjects' perception of memory functioning were also evaluated. Results revealed that aging was associated with reduced retrieval of event-related elements, which was explained by decreasing executive resources. However, age did not affect the retrieval of person-related elements, and the subjective memory judgments of older people were not based on these elements to a greater extent than those of younger people. Finally, our results highlight the value of virtual reality (VR) in memory evaluations since subjects' perception of memory functioning was associated with their performance in the VR task but not in traditional memory tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Billet
- Department of Psychology, Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Arnaud D'Argembeau
- Department of Psychology, Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Thierry Meulemans
- Department of Psychology, Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Sylvie Willems
- Department of Psychology, Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Serino S, Bieler-Aeschlimann M, Guevara AB, Démonet JF, Serino A. The effect of visual perspective on episodic memory in aging: A virtual reality study. Conscious Cogn 2023; 116:103603. [PMID: 37976783 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2023.103603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The possibility of flexibly retrieving our memories using a first-person or a third-person perspective (1PP or 3PP) has been extensively investigated in episodic memory research. Here, we used a Virtual Reality-based paradigm to manipulate the visual perspective used during the encoding stage to investigate age-related differences in the formation of memories experienced from 1PP vs. 3PP. 32 young adults and 32 seniors participated in the study. Participants navigated through two virtual cities to encode complex real-life virtual events, from either a 1PP (as if from their egocentric viewpoint) or a 3PP, while actively controlling an avatar. While recognition accuracy was higher in young adults after encoding in 1PP compared to 3PP, there was no benefit in memory formation in 1PP for older adults. These findings are discussed in terms of both age-related changes in episodic memory functioning and self-referencing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Serino
- Department of Psychology, Università degli Studi Milano-Bicocca, Piazza dell'Ateneo Nuovo, 1, 20126 Milano, MI, Italy; MySpace Lab, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Melanie Bieler-Aeschlimann
- Leenaards Memory Centre, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Brioschi Guevara
- Leenaards Memory Centre, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Francois Démonet
- Leenaards Memory Centre, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Serino
- MySpace Lab, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Markowitsch HJ, Staniloiu A. Behavioral, neurological, and psychiatric frailty of autobiographical memory. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. COGNITIVE SCIENCE 2023; 14:e1617. [PMID: 35970754 DOI: 10.1002/wcs.1617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Autobiographical-episodic memory is considered to be the most complex of the five long-term memory systems. It is autonoetic, which means, self-reflective, relies on emotional colorization, and needs the features of place and time; it allows mental time traveling. Compared to the other four long-term memory systems-procedural memory, priming, perceptual, and semantic memory-it develops the latest in phylogeny and ontogeny, and is the most vulnerable of the five systems, being easily impaired by brain damage and psychiatric disorders. Furthermore, it is characterized by its fragility and proneness to distortion due to environmental influences and subsequent information. On the brain level, a distinction has to be made between memory encoding and consolidating, memory storage, and memory retrieval. For encoding, structures of the limbic system, with the hippocampus in its center, are crucial, for storage of widespread cortical networks, and for retrieval again a distributed recollection network, in which the prefrontal cortex plays a crucial role, is engaged. Brain damage and psychiatric diseases can lead to what is called "focal retrograde amnesia." In this context, the clinical picture of dissociative or functional or psychogenic amnesia is central, as it may result in autobiographical-emotional amnesia of the total past with the consequence of an impairment of the self as well. The social environment therefore can have a major impact on the brain and on autobiographical-episodic memory processing. This article is categorized under: Psychology > Memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans J Markowitsch
- Department of Physiological Psychology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Angelica Staniloiu
- Department of Physiological Psychology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
- Oberberg Clinic, Hornberg, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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Lenormand D, Piolino P. In search of a naturalistic neuroimaging approach: Exploration of general feasibility through the case of VR-fMRI and application in the domain of episodic memory. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 133:104499. [PMID: 34914938 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Virtual Reality (VR) is an increasingly widespread tool for research as it allows the creation of experiments taking place in multimodal and daily-life-like environments, while keeping a strong experimental control. Adding neuroimaging to VR leads to a better understanding of the underlying brain networks activated during a naturalistic task, whether for research purposes or rehabilitation. The present paper focuses on the specific use of concurrent VR and fMRI and its technical challenges and feasibility, with a brief examination of the general existing solutions. Following the PRISMA guidelines, the review investigates the particular case of how VR-fMRI has explored episodic memory so far, with a comparison of object- and place-based episodic memory. This review confirms the involvement of cerebral regions well-known to be implicated in episodic memory and unravels other regions devoted to bodily and narrative aspects of the self, promoting new avenues of research in the domain of naturalistic episodic memory. Future studies should develop more immersive and interactive virtual neuroimaging features to increase ecological and embodied neurocognition aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Lenormand
- Université de Paris, MC(2)Lab, 71 avenue Edouard Vaillant, 92100, Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
| | - Pascale Piolino
- Université de Paris, MC(2)Lab, 71 avenue Edouard Vaillant, 92100, Boulogne-Billancourt, France; Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
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