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Han J, Kong H, Wang X, Zhang XA. Novel insights into the interaction between N6-methyladenosine methylation and noncoding RNAs in musculoskeletal disorders. Cell Prolif 2022; 55:e13294. [PMID: 35735243 PMCID: PMC9528765 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) are a class of inflammatory and degener-ative diseases, but the precise molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood. Noncoding RNA (ncRNA) N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification plays an essential role in the pathophysiological process of MSD. This review summarized the interaction be-tween m6A RNA methylation and ncRNAs in the molecular regulatory mechanism of MSD. It provides a new perspective for the pathophysiological mechanism and ncRNA m6A targeted therapy of MSD. METHODS A comprehensive search of databases was conducted with musculoskeletal disorders, noncoding RNA, N6-methyladenosine, intervertebral disc degeneration, oste-oporosis, osteosarcoma, osteoarthritis, skeletal muscle, bone, and cartilage as the key-words. Then, summarized all the relevant articles. RESULTS Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), osteoporosis (OP), osteosarcoma (OS), and osteoarthritis (OA) are common MSDs that affect muscle, bone, cartilage, and joint, leading to limited movement, pain, and disability. However, the precise pathogenesis remains unclear, and no effective treatment and drug is available at present. Numerous studies confirmed that the mutual regulation between m6A and ncRNAs (i.e., microRNAs, long ncRNAs, and circular RNAs) was found in MSD, m6A modification can regulate ncRNAs, and ncRNAs can also target m6A regulators. ncRNA m6A modification plays an essential role in the pathophysiological process of MSDs by regulating the homeostasis of skeletal muscle, bone, and cartilage. CONCLUSION m6A interacts with ncRNAs to regulate multiple biological processes and plays important roles in IDD, OP, OS, and OA. These studies provide new insights into the pathophysiological mechanism of MSD and targeting m6A-modified ncRNAs may be a promising therapy approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Han
- College of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Kong
- College of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xueqiang Wang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Shangti Orthopaedic Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-An Zhang
- College of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
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Periwal N, Sharma P, Arora P, Pandey S, Kaur B, Sood V. A novel binary k-mer approach for classification of coding and non-coding RNAs across diverse species. Biochimie 2022; 199:112-122. [PMID: 35476940 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Classification among coding sequences (CDS) and non-coding RNA (ncRNA) sequences is a challenge and several machine learning models have been developed for the same. Since the frequency of curated CDS is many-folds as compared to that of the ncRNAs, we devised a novel approach to work with the complete datasets from fifteen diverse species. In our proposed binary approach, we replaced all the 'A's and 'T's with '0's and 'G's and 'C's with '1's to obtain a binary form of CDS and ncRNAs. The k-mer analysis of these binary sequences revealed that the frequency of binary patterns among the CDS and ncRNAs can be used as features to distinguish among them. Using insights from these distinguishing frequencies, we used k-nearest neighbor classifier to classify among them. Our strategy is not only time-efficient but leads to significantly increased performance metrics in terms of Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC), Accuracy, F1 score, Precision, Recall and AUC-ROC, for species like P. paniscus, M. mulatta, M. lucifugus, G. gallus, C. japonica, C. abingdonii, A. carolinensis, D. melanogaster and C. elegans when compared with the conventional ATGC approach. Additionally, we also show that the performance obtained for diverse species tested on the model based on H. sapiens, correlated with the geological evolutionary timeline, thereby further strengthening our approach. Therefore, we propose that CDS and ncRNAs can be efficiently classified using "2-character" binary frequency as compared to "4-character" frequency of ATGC approach. Thus, our highly efficient binary approach can replace the more complex ATGC approach successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Periwal
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Priya Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Pooja Arora
- Department of Zoology, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Saurabh Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Baljeet Kaur
- Department of Computer Science, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
| | - Vikas Sood
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, Delhi, 110062, India.
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3
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Atef MM, Shafik NM, Hafez YM, Watany MM, Selim A, Shafik HM, Safwat El-Deeb O. The evolving role of long noncoding RNA HIF1A-AS2 in diabetic retinopathy: a cross-link axis between hypoxia, oxidative stress and angiogenesis via MAPK/VEGF-dependent pathway. Redox Rep 2022; 27:70-78. [PMID: 35285425 PMCID: PMC8928809 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2022.2050086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetic retinopathy (DR) signifies a frequent serious diabetic complication influencing retinal structure and function. Dysregulation of lncRNAs drives a wide array of human diseases especially diabetes; thus, we aimed to study lncRNA HIF1A-AS2 role and its interplay with hypoxia, oxidative stress (OS), and angiogenesis in DR. Materials and methods 60 DM patients in addition to 15 healthy subjects. were enrolled. LncRNA HIF1A-AS2 mRNA relative gene expression was assessed. Hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), and endoglin levels were assessed. Detection of DNA damage using comet assay, and Redox status parameters were also detected. Results LncRNA HIF1A-AS2 expression was significantly increased in diabetic patients with the highest levels in proliferative DR patients. Moreover, HIFα, VEGF, MAPK, and Endogolin levels were significantly higher in the diabetic patients compared to control group with the highest levels in in proliferative DR patients. Significant DNA damage in comet assay was observed to be the highest in this group. Conclusion We observed for the first time the imminent role of long noncoding RNA HIF1A-AS2 in DR throughout its stages and its interplay with hypoxia, OS, and angiogenesis via MAPK/VEGF-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Mohamed Atef
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Noha M. Shafik
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Yasser Mostafa Hafez
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mona Mohamed Watany
- Clinical pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Amal Selim
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Heba M. Shafik
- Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Omnia Safwat El-Deeb
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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4
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Han JJ, Wang XQ, Zhang XA. Functional Interactions Between lncRNAs/circRNAs and miRNAs: Insights Into Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:810317. [PMID: 35197980 PMCID: PMC8858953 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.810317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common autoimmune diseases that affect synovitis, bone, cartilage, and joint. RA leads to bone and cartilage damage and extra-articular disorders. However, the pathogenesis of RA is still unclear, and the lack of effective early diagnosis and treatment causes severe disability, and ultimately, early death. Accumulating evidence revealed that the regulatory network that includes long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs)/circular RNAs (circRNAs), micro RNAs (miRNAs), and messenger RNAs (mRNA) plays important roles in regulating the pathological and physiological processes in RA. lncRNAs/circRNAs act as the miRNA sponge and competitively bind to miRNA to regulate the expression mRNA in synovial tissue, FLS, and PBMC, participate in the regulation of proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and inflammatory response. Thereby providing new strategies for its diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the regulatory mechanisms of lncRNA/circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network and the potential roles of non-coding RNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the diagnosis and treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Juan Han
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Qiang Wang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Shangti Orthopaedic Hospital, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xin-An Zhang, ; Xue-Qiang Wang,
| | - Xin-An Zhang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- College of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Xin-An Zhang, ; Xue-Qiang Wang,
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5
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Li R, Yu Y, Jaafar SO, Baghchi B, Farsimadan M, Arabipour I, Vaziri H. Genetic Variants miR-126, miR-146a, miR-196a2, and miR-499 in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Br J Biomed Sci 2022; 79:10209. [PMID: 35996522 PMCID: PMC8915673 DOI: 10.3389/bjbs.2021.10209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Alterations in certain microRNAs (miRNAs) and their target genes have reported in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and other disease of the female reproductive system, and so may be potential biomarkers. We hypothesised alterations in the prevalence of four miRNAs single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variants miR-126 rs4636297, miR-146a rs2910164, miR-196a2 rs11614913, and miR-499 rs3746444 in women with PCOS in comparison to healthy controls. Methods: SNPs in the four miRNAs were determined in 385 patients and 385 controls by standard RT-PCR techniques. Results: SNPs in miR-126 and miR-246a were significant linked with PCOS under the allelic, dominant, co-dominant, and recessive models (all p ≤ 0.01). The SNP in miR-499 was linked to PCOS in allelic (T, p = 0.002), dominant (p = 0.035) and recessive (p = 0.003) models. The SNPs -196a was significant linked to PCOS only in the recessive model (p = 0.037). Combining these SNPs in miR-499, mi146a, miR-196a and miR-126 respectively into allele haplotypes found highly significant odds ratios (95% CI) of 0.40 (0.29–0.54) (p < 0.001) for the C-G-C-G haplotype, and 0.46 (0.30–0.70) (p = 0.002) for the C-C-C-A haplotype (p = 0.002) for PCOS. Conclusion: Single SNPs and haplotype combinations in certain SNPs in miR-126, miR-146a, miR-196a2 and miR-499 are strongly linked to PCOS, and so may be useful predictors of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Li
- Department of Abdominal and Pelvic Medical Oncology, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi, China
| | - Y. Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanchong Central Hospital, Nanchong, China
| | - S. O. Jaafar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - B. Baghchi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - M. Farsimadan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - I. Arabipour
- Department of Biotechnology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - H. Vaziri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
- *Correspondence: H. Vaziri, ,
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Association of MALAT1 and PVT1 Variants, Expression Profiles and Target miRNA-101 and miRNA-186 with Colorectal Cancer: Correlation with Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116147. [PMID: 34200314 PMCID: PMC8201273 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of PVT1 and MALAT1 variants on colorectal cancer (CRC) susceptibility and their impact on PVT1/miRNA-186/epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and MALAT1/miRNA-101/EMT axes in CRC are unknown. We investigated the influence of PVT1 rs13255292 and MALAT1 rs3200401 on the risk of CRC and adenomatous polyps (AP), their impact on the long noncoding RNAs PVT1 and MALAT1 expression and their target miRNA-186, miRNA-101/E-cadherin pathways, along with their potential as early CRC biomarkers. Overall, 280 individuals were recruited: 140 patients with CRC, 40 patients with AP, and 100 healthy volunteers. Genotyping and serum expression profiles were assessed using qPCR. The EMT biomarker, E-cadherin, was measured by ELISA. rs3200401 was associated with increased CRC risk, whereas rs13255292 was protective. Serum PVT1 and MALAT1 were upregulated in CRC and AP patients versus healthy controls, whereas, miRNA-186, miRNA-101 and E-cadherin were downregulated in CRC versus non-CRC groups. MALAT1 showed superior diagnostic potential for CRC and predicted CRC risk among non-CRC groups in the multivariate logistic analysis. PVT1, MALAT1, miRNA-186 and miRNA-101 levels were correlated with E-cadherin, tumor stage, lymph node and distant metastasis. E-cadherin was lost in metastatic vs. non-metastatic CRC. rs3200401CC genotype carriers showed higher E-cadherin levels than CC + CT carriers. rs3200401 was correlated with lymph node status. For the first time, rs13255292 and rs3200401 are potential genetic CRC predisposition markers, with rs3200401 possibly impacting the EMT process. Serum PVT1, MALAT1, miRNA-186 and miRNA-101 are novel non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers that could improve the clinical outcome of CRC.
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7
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Abdi E, Latifi-Navid S, Kholghi-Oskooei V, Pourfarzi F, Yazdanbod A. Interaction between lncRNAs HOTAIR and MALAT1 tagSNPs in gastric cancer. Br J Biomed Sci 2021; 78:147-150. [PMID: 33332245 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2020.1866260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Abdi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - S Latifi-Navid
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - V Kholghi-Oskooei
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat, Heydariyeh, Iran.,Health Sciences Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat, Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - F Pourfarzi
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - A Yazdanbod
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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8
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Atef MM, Amer AI, Hafez YM, Elsebaey MA, Saber SA, Abd El-Khalik SR. Long non-coding RNA EGFR-AS1 in colorectal cancer: potential role in tumorigenesis and survival via miRNA-133b sponge and EGFR/STAT3 axis regulation. Br J Biomed Sci 2021; 78:122-129. [PMID: 33211633 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2020.1853913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide and a major cause of cancer-related death. Thus molecular biomarkers for colorectal cancer have been proposed. The role of long non-coding RNA EGFR-AS1 in colorectal cancer is still unclear. We aimed to evaluate its expression in different stages of colorectal cancer and determine any possible role in regulating the miR‑133b/EGFR/STAT3 signalling pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS The relative expression of EGFR-AS1 and miR‑133b were evaluated by quantitative real-time RT-transcription PCR in 130 colorectal cancer samples and 30 normal tissues. EGFR expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, levels of p-EGFR, p-STAT3, and apoptotic proteins were determined by ELISA. RESULTS Both EGFR-AS1 and EGFR overexpression were positively linked with colorectal cancer status (both p < 0.01), grade (both p < 0.01), and metastasis (P < 0.01 and p = 0.019 respectively). EGFR-AS1 and miR-133b were significantly inversely correlated (P < 0.01). Low expression of miR-133b was inversely associated with overexpressed EGFR and increased p-STAT3 levels. EGFR-AS1 was an independent prognostic factor for survival of colorectal cancer patients (P < 0.01, HR 2.06; 95% CI 1.32-3.19) where low EGFR-AS1 expression was associated with higher survival rate (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION EGFR-AS1 may have a role in colorectal cancer by regulation of miR‑133b/EGFR/STAT3 signalling. It may be a potential biomarker for early diagnosis and predicting the survival rate of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Atef
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - A I Amer
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Y M Hafez
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - M A Elsebaey
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - S A Saber
- General Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - S R Abd El-Khalik
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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9
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Miao C, Bai L, Yang Y, Huang J. Dysregulation of lncRNAs in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Biomarkers, Pathogenesis and Potential Therapeutic Targets. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:652751. [PMID: 33776780 PMCID: PMC7994855 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.652751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease of unknown etiology, mainly manifested by persistent abnormal proliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs), inflammation, synovial hyperplasia and cartilage erosion, accompanied by joint swelling and joint destruction. Abnormal expression or function of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are closely related to human diseases, including cancers, mental diseases, autoimmune diseases and others. The abnormal sequence and spatial structure of lncRNAs, the disorder expression and the abnormal interaction with the binding protein will lead to the change of gene expression in the way of epigenetic modification. Increasing evidence demonstrated that lncRNAs were involved in the activation of FLSs, which played a key role in the pathogenesis of RA. In this review, the research progress of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of RA was systematically summarized, including the role of lncRNAs in the diagnosis of RA, the regulatory mechanism of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of RA, and the intervention role of lncRNAs in the treatment of RA. Furthermore, the activated signal pathways, the role of DNA methylation and other mechanism have also been overview in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenggui Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Compound, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Department of Pharmacy, School of Life and Health Sciences, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Fengyang, China
| | - Liangliang Bai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yaru Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jinling Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
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10
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MiR-330-3p and miR-485-5p as biomarkers for glioblastoma: An integrated bioinformatics and experimental study. Comput Biol Chem 2021; 92:107458. [PMID: 33761401 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2021.107458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most common, invasive, and malignant primary brain tumor with a poor prognosis and a median survival of 12-15 months. This study tried to identify the most significant miRNA biomarkers in both tissue and serum samples of GBM. GSE25632 was employed from gene expression omnibus and using WGCNA package, association of miRNA networks and clinical data was explored and brown and green modules identified as the most relevant modules. Independently, Limma package was utilized to identify differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in GSE25632 by cutoff logFC > 2 and P.value < 0.05. By merging the results of Limma and WGCNA, the miRNAs that were in brown and green modules and had mentioned cutoff were selected as hub miRNAs. Performing enrichment analysis, Pathways in cancer, Prostate cancer, Glioma, p53 signaling pathway, and Focal adhesion were identified as the most important signaling pathways. Based on miRNA- target genes, has-mir-330-3p and has-mir-485-5p were identified as core miRNAs. The expression level of core miRNAs was validated by GSE90604, GSE42657, and GSE93850. We evaluated the expression level of common target genes of two detected core genes based on GSE77043, GSE42656, GSE22891, GSE15824, and GSE122498. The ability of detected miRNAs to discriminate GBM from healthy controls was assessed by area under the curve (AUC) using the ROC curve analysis. Based on TCGA database, we tested the prognostic significance of miRNAs using overall survival analysis. We evaluated the expression level of the miRNAs in tissue of 83 GBM patients and also non-tumoral adjacent (as control) tissues. We used serum samples of 34 GBM patients to evaluate the expression levels of the hub miRNAs compare to the controls. Our results showed that has-mir-330-3p and has-mir-485-5p could be potential biomarkers in GBM.
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11
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Riahi A, Hosseinpour-Feizi M, Rajabi A, Akbarzadeh M, Montazeri V, Safaralizadeh R. Overexpression of long non-coding RNA MCM3AP-AS1 in breast cancer tissues compared to adjacent non-tumour tissues. Br J Biomed Sci 2020; 78:53-57. [PMID: 32678686 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2020.1798058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered expression of several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been described in numerous malignancies, including breast cancer, and some may have a role in carcinogenesis. We hypothesised differences in the expression of lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 in breast cancer tissues compared to nearby healthy tissues and potential links with clinical features. METHODS We tested our hypothesis in 102 pairs of breast cancer tumours and adjacent non-tumour tissues from female patients. After RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis was performed for all specimens. The differential gene expression was assessed using Quantitative Real-Time PCR Technique. RESULTS There was a significant overexpression of the lncRNAs in tumour tissues as compared with their adjacent non-tumour tissues (P < 0.001). Expression was significantly linked with the tumour oestrogen receptor expression (P = 0.023) and tumour progesterone receptor expression (P < 0.001). ROC analysis showed an AUC of 0.67 (95% CI 0.60-0.75) (P < 0.001) with sensitivity and specificity of 58% and 76%, respectively. CONCLUSION The lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 may be a novel breast cancer lncRNA with high expression levels in breast cancer patients' tissue. Further investigations are needed to confirm its uses as a potential molecular marker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Riahi
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz , Tabriz, Iran
| | - M Hosseinpour-Feizi
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz , Tabriz, Iran
| | - A Rajabi
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz , Tabriz, Iran
| | - M Akbarzadeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Azerbaijan Shahid Madani University , Tabriz, Iran
| | - V Montazeri
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences\Surgery Ward, Nour-Nejat Hospital , Tabriz, Iran
| | - R Safaralizadeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz , Tabriz, Iran
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12
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Abdelaleem OO, Fouad NA, Shaker OG, Hussein HA, Ahmed FA, Ali DY, Elsayed HS. Association of miR-146a rs57095329 with Behçet's disease and its complications. Br J Biomed Sci 2020; 78:63-66. [PMID: 32569501 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2020.1786284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Behçet's disease is a chronic relapsing and remitting autoimmune multisystem inflammatory disease characterised by oral aphthae, genital ulcers, skin lesions, gastrointestinal involvement, arthritis, vascular lesions and neurological manifestations. We hypothesised a link between rs57095329 of miR-146a and Behçet's disease, with further links with common clinical features. METHODS We tested our hypothesis in 130 Behçet's disease patients and 131 age and sex-matched healthy controls. Behcet's disease current activity index (BDCAI) was used to assess patients' disease activity status. MiR-146a (rs57095329) was genotyped in all participants using RT-PCR and results in patients analysed according to clinical features. RESULTS The frequency of the GG and AG genotypes in rs57095329 were strongly associated with Behçet's disease (adjusted OR 8.05, 95% CI 3.63-17.82; P < 0.001 and OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.27-4.04; P = 0.006, respectively), and in dominant (GG+AG > AA) and recessive (GG > AA+AG) models (both P < 0.001). Additionally, G allele distribution was significantly greater in Behçet's disease compared with controls (OR 2.85, 95% CI 1.98-4.11, P < 0.001). The AA genotype and A allele were linked to oral ulcers, the GG genotype and G allele to neurological disease, and the GG genotype and G allele to ocular disease (all P < 0.01). There were no links with genital ulceration, skin lesions, vascular disease or the result of the pathergy test. CONCLUSION The miR-146a (rs57095329) is associated with Behçet's disease and certain genotypes and alleles with oral ulcers, and with ocular and neurological manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- O O Abdelaleem
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University , Al Fayyum, Egypt
| | - N A Fouad
- Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Fayoum University , Al Fayyum, Egypt
| | - O G Shaker
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University , Cairo, Egypt
| | - H A Hussein
- Internal Medicine Department, Fayoum University , Al Fayyum, Egypt
| | - F A Ahmed
- Microbiology Department, Fayoum University , Al Fayyum, Egypt
| | - D Y Ali
- Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University , Al Fayyum, Egypt
| | - H S Elsayed
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University , Al Fayyum, Egypt
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13
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Asadi-Tarani M, Saravani M, Teimoori B, Ghasemi M, Salimi S. The relationships between maternal and placental polymorphisms of miR-196a2 and miRNA-499 genes and preeclampsia. Br J Biomed Sci 2020; 77:191-195. [DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2020.1769331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Asadi-Tarani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - M Saravani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - B Teimoori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - M Ghasemi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
- Pregnancy Health Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - S Salimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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14
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Ali MA, Shaker OG, Khalefa AA, Abdelwahed MY, Ali E, Ezzat EM, Elghobary HA, Awaji AA, Fouad NA, Ayoub SE. Serum long noncoding RNAs FAS-AS1 & PVT1 are novel biomarkers for systemic lupus erythematous. Br J Biomed Sci 2020; 77:208-212. [PMID: 32614682 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2020.1765459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematous (SLE) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disorder whose diagnosis depends on combination of multiple factors. Circulating lncRNAs could serve as diagnostic non-invasive biomarkers for SLE. We hypothesised that serum FAS-AS1 and PVT1 are new biomarkers for SLE that relate to clinical features and laboratory markers. Materials and Method: Measurement of serum FAS-AS1 & PVT1 by qRT-PCR, analysis of the association between two RNAs and the clinical data, activity index and laboratory markers by standard routine methods. Results: There was a significant relative increased serum FAS-AS1 (median (IQR) 2.19 (0.13-8.62) and a significant reduced PVT1 (median (IQR) 0.52 (0.01-7.55) in SLE patients compared to controls (P < 0.0001 for FAS-AS1 and = 0.007 for PVT1). Serum FAS-AS1 and PVT1 were positively correlated (r= 0.37, P = 0.001). Higher FAS-AS1 was significantly linked with nephritis (P = 0.011), positive anti-dsDNA (P= 0.01) and lower serum PVT1 was significantly associated with oral ulcers (P= 0.023), photosensitivity (P= 0.017), and neurological manifestations (P= 0.041). Serum PVT1 negatively correlated with age (r= -0.52, P< 0.0001) and ESR level (r= -0.29, P= 0.011) in SLE patients. No correlation between disease activity and serum FAS-AS1 or PVT1 was detected. Conclusions: Our study provides evidence that serum FAS-AS1 and PVT1 are new biomarkers for SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Ali
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University Fayoum, Egypt
| | - O G Shaker
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University , Cairo, Egypt
| | - A A Khalefa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University , Zagazig, Egypt
| | - M Y Abdelwahed
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University , Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Egi Ali
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University , Fayoum, Egypt
| | - E M Ezzat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University , Fayoum, Egypt
| | - H A Elghobary
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University , Cairo, Egypt
| | - A A Awaji
- University of Tabuk, University College of Taymaa, Faculty of Science, Biology Department , Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - N A Fouad
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Fayoum University , Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - S E Ayoub
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University Fayoum, Egypt
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15
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Abdeltawab A, Zaki ME, Abdeldayem Y, Mohamed AA, Zaied SM. Circulating micro RNA-223 and angiopoietin-like protein 8 as biomarkers of gestational diabetes mellitus. Br J Biomed Sci 2020; 78:12-17. [PMID: 32421465 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2020.1764211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a serious health problem associated with both foetal and maternal complications. New biomarkers that can predict or help in the early diagnosis of GDM are needed to minimize the hazards of hyperglycaemia in pregnant women and their offspring. We hypothesised a link between levels of microRNA-223 (miRNA-223) and Angiopoietin-Like Protein 8 (ANGPTL8) and GDM. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 109 patients with confirmed early diagnosed GDM and 103 healthy control pregnant women in their second or third trimester. miRNA-223 and ANGPTL8 blood levels were assessed by real-time RT-PCR and sandwich ELISA, respectively, laboratory markers by standard methods. RESULTS There was a significant increase in mean [SD] miRNA-223 and ANGPTL8 in GDM (0.31 [0.06] relative units) and (692 [199] pg/ml), respectively, in the GDM women compared to healthy pregnant women (0.17[0.05] relative units) and (261 [127] pg/ml), respectively, P < 0.001. miRNA-223 and ANGPTL8 correlated significantly with each other (r = 0.38, P < 0.001) and with fasting, 1-h and 2-h postprandial blood glucose levels (all P ≤ 0.002) HbA1 c (P < 0.025), total cholesterol (P < 0.01), LDL-C and triglycerides (both P ≤ 0.005). The ROC area under curve (AUC) (95%CI) was 0.94 (0.91-0.97) for ANGPTL8, 0.92 (0.88-0.96) for miRNA-223 and 0.97 (0.95 - 0.99) for their combination. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the hypothesis of involvement of both miRNA-223 and ANGPTL8 in the pathogenesis of GDM. The difference between levels in GDM patients and in control pregnant women indicates potential use for early diagnosis or prediction of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Abdeltawab
- Physiology Department, College of Medicine, Jouf University , Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.,Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University , Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - M E Zaki
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University , Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Y Abdeldayem
- Obstetric and Gynecology Department, Mansoura University , Mansoura, Egypt
| | - A A Mohamed
- Medical Biochemistry Division, Pathology Department, Jouf University , Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.,Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University , Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - S M Zaied
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University , Beni-Suef, Egypt
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16
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Zaheed O, Samson J, Dean K. A bioinformatics approach to identify novel long, non-coding RNAs in breast cancer cell lines from an existing RNA-sequencing dataset. Noncoding RNA Res 2020; 5:48-59. [PMID: 32206740 PMCID: PMC7078458 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer research has traditionally centred on genomic alterations, hormone receptor status and changes in cancer-related proteins to provide new avenues for targeted therapies. Due to advances in next generation sequencing technologies, there has been the emergence of long, non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as regulators of normal cellular events, with links to various disease states, including breast cancer. Here we describe our bioinformatic analyses of a previously published RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) dataset to identify lncRNAs with altered expression levels in a subset of breast cancer cell lines. Using a previously published RNA-seq dataset of 675 cancer cell lines, a subset of 18 cell lines was selected for our analyses that included 16 breast cancer lines, one ductal carcinoma in situ line and one normal-like breast epithelial cell line. Principal component analysis demonstrated correlation with well-established categorisation methods of breast cancer (i.e. luminal A/B, HER2 enriched and basal-like A/B). Through detailed comparison of differentially expressed lncRNAs in each breast cancer sub-type with normal-like breast epithelial cells, we identified 15 lncRNAs with consistently altered expression, including three uncharacterised lncRNAs. Utilising data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and The Genotype Tissue Expression (GETx) project via Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA2), we assessed clinical relevance of several identified lncRNAs with invasive breast cancer. Lastly, we determined the relative expression level of six lncRNAs across a spectrum of breast cancer cell lines to experimentally confirm the findings of our bioinformatic analyses. Overall, we show that the use of existing RNA-seq datasets, if re-analysed with modern bioinformatic tools, can provide a valuable resource to identify lncRNAs that could have important biological roles in oncogenesis and tumour progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kellie Dean
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork, T12XF62, Ireland
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17
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Abedi P, Bayat A, Ghasemzadeh S, Raad M, Pashaiefar H, Ahmadvand M. Upregulated miR-410 is linked to poor prognosis in colorectal cancer. Br J Biomed Sci 2020; 77:118-122. [PMID: 32065051 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2020.1731050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although miR-410 acts as a cancer inducer in colorectal cancer, there is limited data on the clinical implications of miR-410 expression levels in patients. We hypothesized a link between miR-410 expression and its potential clinical values in patients with colorectal cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS 120 colorectal cancer tissue specimens and 120 adjacent non-tumour tissues were obtained. Quantification of miR-410 expression levels was determined by, quantitative RT-PCR. Expression was analysed by clinical features. RESULTS miR-410 was up-regulated in malignant tissues compared with corresponding normal tissues (P < 0.01), with TNM stage and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.03, P = 0.004, respectively), and with worse overall survival (P = 0.002). Multivariate survival analysis identified it as an independent risk factor for outcome (P = 0.021, HR = 2.19; 95% CI = 1.12-4.25). CONCLUSION Compared to normal non-cancerous tissues, miR-410 was overexpressed in tumour tissues and is independently associated with the unfavourable outcome. Levels of MiR-410 might a useful laboratory tool in managing and predicting the prognosis of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Abedi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University , Tehran, Iran
| | - A Bayat
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Isfahan , Isfahan, Iran.,Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - S Ghasemzadeh
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran , Tehran, Iran
| | - M Raad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan , Rasht, Iran
| | - H Pashaiefar
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - M Ahmadvand
- Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
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18
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Navarro E, Mallén A, Cruzado JM, Torras J, Hueso M. Unveiling ncRNA regulatory axes in atherosclerosis progression. Clin Transl Med 2020; 9:5. [PMID: 32009226 PMCID: PMC6995802 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-020-0256-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Completion of the human genome sequencing project highlighted the richness of the cellular RNA world, and opened the door to the discovery of a plethora of short and long non-coding RNAs (the dark transcriptome) with regulatory or structural potential, which shifted the balance of pathological gene alterations from coding to non-coding RNAs. Thus, disease risk assessment currently has to also evaluate the expression of new RNAs such as small micro RNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), retrogressed elements, 3'UTRs of mRNAs, etc. We are interested in the pathogenic mechanisms of atherosclerosis (ATH) progression in patients suffering Chronic Kidney Disease, and in this review, we will focus in the role of the dark transcriptome (non-coding RNAs) in ATH progression. We will focus in miRNAs and in the formation of regulatory axes or networks with their mRNA targets and with the lncRNAs that function as miRNA sponges or competitive inhibitors of miRNA activity. In this sense, we will pay special attention to retrogressed genomic elements, such as processed pseudogenes and Alu repeated elements, that have been recently seen to also function as miRNA sponges, as well as to the use or miRNA derivatives in gene silencing, anti-ATH therapies. Along the review, we will discuss technical developments associated to research in lncRNAs, from sequencing technologies to databases, repositories and algorithms to predict miRNA targets, as well as new approaches to miRNA function, such as integrative or enrichment analysis and their potential to unveil RNA regulatory networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estanislao Navarro
- Independent Researcher, Barcelona, Spain. .,Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge and Bellvitge Research Institute (IDIBELL), C/Feixa Llarga, s/n; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Adrian Mallén
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge and Bellvitge Research Institute (IDIBELL), C/Feixa Llarga, s/n; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M Cruzado
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge and Bellvitge Research Institute (IDIBELL), C/Feixa Llarga, s/n; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Torras
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge and Bellvitge Research Institute (IDIBELL), C/Feixa Llarga, s/n; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Hueso
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitari Bellvitge and Bellvitge Research Institute (IDIBELL), C/Feixa Llarga, s/n; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Barcelona, Spain.
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19
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Raad M, Salehi Z, Habibzaadeh Baalsini M, Mashayekhi F, Saeidi Saedi H. Association of rs2620381 polymorphism in miR-627 and gastric cancer. Br J Biomed Sci 2020; 77:76-80. [DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2019.1692762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Raad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Z Salehi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - F Mashayekhi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - H Saeidi Saedi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences (GUMS), Rasht, Iran
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20
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Blann A. British Journal of Biomedical Science in 2019. What have we learned? Br J Biomed Sci 2019; 77:1-6. [PMID: 31818192 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2019.1692455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In 2019 the British Journal of Biomedical Science published 40 articles in the various disciplines that comprise biomedical science. These were one review, 22 original articles and 17 'In Brief' short reports. Of those citing original data, the majority were in cellular pathology (14 papers), clinical chemistry (9 papers), and microbiology (6 papers: 4 in bacteriology and 2 in virology). There were 3 papers in haematology and 2 in andrology, whilst 5 papers crossed traditional discipline boundaries (such as the molecular genetics of IL6, liver function tests, and hepatocellular carcinoma). Over two-thirds of papers used techniques in molecular genetics. The present report will summarise key aspects of these publications that are of greatest relevance to laboratory scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Blann
- Institute of Biomedical Science, London, UK
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