School- and home-based drug prevention: Environmental, parent, and child risk reduction

Comparison of enrollment rates of African-American families into a school-based tobacco prevention trial using two recruitment strategies in urban and rural settings

PURPOSE

This study evaluated similarities and differences of enrollment rates using two different recruitment strategies for a tobacco control trial in rural and urban African-American (AA) elementary school families.

DESIGN

A comparative study, nested within a larger randomized controlled trial, was used to test the effectiveness of two recruitment approaches on enrollment rates in rural and urban AA families.

SETTING

The study was conducted in 14 Title 1 elementary schools in the southeastern United States: 7 rural and 7 urban.

SUBJECTS

There were 736 eligible AA families, and 332 (45%) completed informed consent and were enrolled into the study.

INTERVENTION

The Facilitate, Open and transparent communication, Shared benefits, Team and tailored, Educate bilaterally, and Relationships, realistic and rewards (FOSTER) approach guided the two recruitment strategies: (1) written informational packets provided to fourth graders to take home to parents; and (2) proactive, face-to-face family information sessions held at schools.

MEASURES

Enrollment rates were based on responsiveness to the two recruitment strategies and completion of the informed consent process.

ANALYSIS

Chi-square, Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel, and Breslow-Day tests were performed.

RESULTS

Higher enrollment rates occurred during the family session for both rural and urban families (100% rural, 93.6% urban; p = .0475) than informational packets alone (28.7% rural, 22% urban; p < .0001). Rural family enrollment rates were overall higher than urban rates regardless of recruitment strategy (52.0% rural vs. 39.6% urban; p = .0008).

CONCLUSION

The findings suggest the FOSTER approach, although effective in both rural and urban settings, was more successful in recruiting rural families.

Familienbasierte Prävention bei Kindern und Jugendlichen

Fragestellung: Wie evidenzbasiert sind familienbasierte Programme zur selektiven Suchtprävention? Lässt sich ein vorbildhaftes Programm identifizieren? Methodik: Überblick über entsprechende Ansätze und Programm-Merkmale als Ergebnis einer systematischen Literaturrecherche in verschiedenen Datenbanken. Ergebnisse: Das Strengthening Families Program 10–14 aus Iowa/USA (SFP 10–14) ist das wohl zurzeit best evaluierte familienbasierte universelle Präventionsprogramm; so ließen sich nachhaltige Effekte auch im 6-Jahres-Follow-up nachweisen. Schlussfolgerungen: Die kultursensitive Adaptation und Evaluation von SFP 10–14 für die Bundesrepublik kann die Prävention von Suchtstörungen wirkungsvoll ergänzen. Eine Adaptation für den deutschen Sprachraum hat verschiedene kultursensitive Aspekte zu berücksichtigen sowie den Umstand, dass SFP 10–14 aufwändig durchzuführen ist.