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Yi X, Guo J, Wang M, Xue C, Ju M. Inter-trophic Interaction of Gut Microbiota in a Tripartite System. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2021; 81:1075-1087. [PMID: 33190166 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-020-01640-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota can be transmitted either environmentally or socially and vertically at intraspecific level; however, whether gut microbiota interact along trophic levels has been largely overlooked. Here, we characterized the gut bacterial communities of weevil larvae of Curculio arakawai that infest acorns of Mongolian oak (Quercus mongolica) as well as acorn-eating mammals, Siberian chipmunk (Tamias sibiricus), to test whether consumption of seed-borne larvae remodels the gut bacterial communities of T. sibiricus. Ingestion of weevil larvae of C. arakawai significantly altered the gut bacterial communities of T. sibiricus. Consequently, T. sibiricus fed larvae of C. arakawai showed higher capability to counter the negative effects of tannins, in terms of body weight maintenance, acorn consumption, N content in feces, urine pH, and blood ALT activity. Our results may first show that seed-borne insects as hidden players have a potential to alter the gut microbiota of seed predators in the tripartite system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfeng Yi
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China.
| | - Jiawei Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
| | - Minghui Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
| | - Chao Xue
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
| | - Mengyao Ju
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
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Lotfi R. A commentary on methodological aspects of hydrolysable tannins metabolism in ruminant: a perspective view. Lett Appl Microbiol 2020; 71:466-478. [PMID: 32654165 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although, the application of tannic acid (TA), gallic acid (GA), natural hydrolysable tannins (HT)-rich ingredients, and HT-rich feeds in ruminant feeding have been explored in order to modify or manipulate microbial activities of digestive tract of animals, the interaction between HT and gastrointestinal microbiota and the fate of HT metabolites (GA, ellagic acid, pyrogallol, resorcinol, phloroglucinol, catechol and urolithin) derived from gastrointestinal microbial HT metabolism in the animal as a whole and animal products are missing. Incomplete biotransformation of HT and TA to GA, pyrogallol, resorcinol, phloroglucinol and other phenolic metabolites is a prevalent phenomenon discovered by researchers who examine the fate of HT metabolites in ruminant. While the rest of fellow researchers do not even examine the fate of HT metabolites and assume the complete biotransformation and fermentation of HT metabolites to volatile fatty acids (VFA). Only three studies have successfully identified the complete biotransformation and fermentation of HT metabolites to VFA in ruminant. The HT metabolites, mostly pyrogallol, produced through incomplete biotransformation of HT have adverse effects on gastrointestinal microbiota and host animal. Lack of awareness regarding the metabolism of HT metabolites and its consequences would compromise ruminant gastrointestinal microbiota, animal welfare, our environment and the power of research papers' findings. In this perspective paper, I will bring to attention a new angle on the biotransformation and fermentation of HT metabolites in gastrointestinal tract, the role of gastrointestinal microbiota and deficiency of current approach in isolating tannin-degrading bacteria from rumen. Also, suggestions for better monitoring and understanding HT metabolisms in ruminant are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lotfi
- Ph.D Candidate of Ruminant Nutrition at Department of Animal Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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Yang C, Tsedan G, Liu Y, Hou F. Shrub coverage alters the rumen bacterial community of yaks ( Bos grunniens) grazing in alpine meadows. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2020; 62:504-520. [PMID: 32803183 PMCID: PMC7416157 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2020.62.4.504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Proliferation of shrubs at the expense of native forage in pastures has been
associated with large changes in dry-matter intake and dietary components for
grazing ruminants. These changes can also affect the animals’ physiology
and metabolism. However, little information is available concerning the effect
of pastoral-shrub grazing on the rumen bacterial community. To explore rumen
bacteria composition in grazing yaks and the response of rumen bacteria to
increasing shrub coverage in alpine meadows, 48 yak steers were randomly
assigned to four pastures with shrub coverage of 0%, 5.4%, 11.3%, and 20.1%
(referred as control, low, middle, and high, respectively), and ruminal fluid
was collected from four yaks from each pasture group after 85 days. Rumen
fermentation products were measured and microbiota composition determined using
Ion S5TM XL sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Principal coordinates
analysis (PCoA) and similarity analysis indicated that the degree of shrub
coverage correlated with altered rumen bacterial composition of yaks grazing in
alpine shrub meadows. At the phyla level, the relative abundance of
Firmicutes in rumen increased with increasing shrub
coverage, whereas the proportions of Bacteroidetes,
Cyanobacteria and Verrucomicrobia
decreased. Yaks grazing in the high shrub-coverage pasture had decreased species
of the genus Prevotellaceae UCG-001,
Lachnospiraceae XPB1014 group,
Lachnospiraceae AC2044 group,
Lachnospiraceae FCS020 group and
Fretibacterium, but increased species of
Christensenellaceae R-7 group,
Ruminococcaceae NK4A214 group,
Ruminococcus 1, Ruminococcaceae UCG-002,
Ruminococcaceae UCG-005 and
Lachnospiraceae UCG-008. These variations can enhance the
animals’ utilization efficiencies of cellulose and hemicellulose from
native forage. Meanwhile, yaks grazed in the high shrub-coverage pasture had
increased concentrations of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and
branched-chain volatile fatty acids (isobutyrate and isovalerate) in rumen
compared with yaks grazing in the pasture without shrubs. These results indicate
that yaks grazing in a high shrub-coverage pasture may have improved dietary
energy utilization and enhanced resistance to cold stress during the winter. Our
findings provide evidence for the influence of shrub coverage on the rumen
bacterial community of yaks grazing in alpine meadows as well as insights into
the sustainable production of grazing yaks on lands with increasing shrub
coverage on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuntao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Guru Tsedan
- Animal Husbandry Science and Technology Demonstration Park of Maqu County, Gannan 743000, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Fujiang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
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Qin W, Song P, Lin G, Huang Y, Wang L, Zhou X, Li S, Zhang T. Gut Microbiota Plasticity Influences the Adaptability of Wild and Domestic Animals in Co-inhabited Areas. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:125. [PMID: 32117147 PMCID: PMC7018712 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the increased economic demand for livestock, the number of livestock is increasing. Because of human interference, the survival of wild animals is threatened in the face of competition, particularly in co-inhabited grazing pastures. This may lead to differences in the adaptability between wild and domestic animals, as well as nutritional deficiencies in wild animals. The gut microbiota is closely associated with host health, nutrition, and adaptability. However, the gut microbiota diversity and functions in domestic and wild animals in co-inhabited areas are unclear. To reveal the adaptability of wild and domestic animals in co-inhabited areas based on gut microbiota, we assessed the gut microbiota diversity. This study was based on the V3–V4 region of 16S rRNA and gut microbiota functions according to the metagenome analysis of fresh fecal samples in wild goitered gazelles (Gazella subgutturosa) and domestic sheep (Ovis aries) in the Qaidam Basin. The wild and domestic species showed significant differences in alpha- and beta-diversities. Specifically, the alpha-diversity was lower in goitered gazelles. We speculated that the nutritional and habitat status of the goitered gazelles were worse. The gut microbiota functions in the gazelles were enriched in metabolism and cellular processes based on the KEGG database. In summary, we reasoned that gut microbiota can improve the adaptability of goitered gazelles through energy maintenance by the functions of gut microbiota in the face of nutritional deficiencies. These findings highlight the importance of gut microbiota diversity to improve the adaptability of goitered gazelles, laying a foundation for the conservation of wild goitered gazelles. In addition, we further provide management suggestions for domestic sheep in co-inhabited grazing pastures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Qin
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pengfei Song
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gonghua Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, China
| | - YanGan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | | | - Shengqing Li
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Tongzuo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China.,Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Xining, China
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Alonso-Pernas P, Arias-Cordero E, Novoselov A, Ebert C, Rybak J, Kaltenpoth M, Westermann M, Neugebauer U, Boland W. Bacterial Community and PHB-Accumulating Bacteria Associated with the Wall and Specialized Niches of the Hindgut of the Forest Cockchafer ( Melolontha hippocastani). Front Microbiol 2017; 8:291. [PMID: 28293223 PMCID: PMC5329036 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A characterization of the bacterial community of the hindgut wall of two larval and the adult stages of the forest cockchafer (Melolontha hippocastani) was carried out using amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene fragment. We found that, in second-instar larvae, Caulobacteraceae and Pseudomonadaceae showed the highest relative abundances, while in third-instar larvae, the dominant families were Porphyromonadaceae and Bacteroidales-related. In adults, an increase of the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria (γ- and δ- classes) and the family Enterococcaceae (Firmicutes) was observed. This suggests that the composition of the hindgut wall community may depend on the insect’s life stage. Additionally, specialized bacterial niches hitherto very poorly described in the literature were spotted at both sides of the distal part of the hindgut chamber. We named these structures “pockets.” Amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene fragment revealed that the pockets contained a different bacterial community than the surrounding hindgut wall, dominated by Alcaligenaceae and Micrococcaceae-related families. Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) accumulation in the pocket was suggested in isolated Achromobacter sp. by Nile Blue staining, and confirmed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS) on cultured bacterial mass and whole pocket tissue. Raman micro-spectroscopy allowed to visualize the spatial distribution of PHB accumulating bacteria within the pocket tissue. The presence of this polymer might play a role in the colonization of these specialized niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pol Alonso-Pernas
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology Jena, Germany
| | - Erika Arias-Cordero
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology Jena, Germany
| | - Alexey Novoselov
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology Jena, Germany
| | - Christina Ebert
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University HospitalJena, Germany; Leibniz Institute of Photonic TechnologyJena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Rybak
- Department of Evolutionary Neuroethology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Kaltenpoth
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Ute Neugebauer
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University HospitalJena, Germany; Leibniz Institute of Photonic TechnologyJena, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Boland
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology Jena, Germany
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Kumar K, Chaudhary LC, Agarwal N, Kamra DN. Effect of feeding tannin degrading bacterial culture (Streptococcus gallolyticus strain TDGB 406) on nutrient utilization, urinary purine derivatives and growth performance of goats fed on Quercus semicarpifolia leaves. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2013; 98:879-85. [PMID: 24313948 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To study the effect of supplementation of tannin degrading bacterial culture (Streptococcus gallolyticus strain TDGB 406) on growth performance, nutrient utilization and urinary purine derivatives of goats fed on oak (Quercus semicarpifolia) leaves. For growth study, eighteen billy goats (4 month old, average body weight 9.50 ± 1.50 kg) were distributed into three groups of six animals each. The animals of group 1 served as control while animals of groups 2 (T1) and 3 (T2) were given (@ 5 ml/kg live weight) autoclaved and live culture of isolate TDGB 406 (10(6) cells/ml) respectively. The animals were fed measured quantity of dry oak leaves as the main roughage source and ad libitum maize hay along with fixed quantity of concentrate mixture. The feeding of live culture of isolate TDGB 406 (probiotic) did not affect dry matter intake and digestibility of nutrients except that of dry matter and crude protein, which was higher in T2 group as compared to control. All the animals were in positive nitrogen balance. There was no significant effect of feeding isolate TDGB 406 on urinary purine derivatives (microbial protein production) in goats. The body weight gain and average live weight gain was significantly higher (p = 0.071) in T2 group as compared to control. Feed conversion efficiency was also better in the goats fed on live culture of TDGB 406 (T2). The feeding of tannin degrading bacterial isolate TDGB 406 as probiotic resulted in improved growth performance and feed conversion ratio in goats fed on oak leaves as one of the main roughage source.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kumar
- Animal Nutrition Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
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