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Silva MRL, Alves JPM, Fernandes CCL, Cavalcanti CM, Conde AJH, Bezerra AF, Soares ACS, Teixeira DÍA, do Rego AC, Rondina D. Effect of short-term nutritional supplementation of green microalgae on some reproductive indicators of Anglo-Nubian crossbred goats. Vet World 2023. [DOI: 10.14202/10.14202/vetworld.2023.464-473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Despite the wide spectrum of uses, one of the chief drawbacks to expanding microalgae as a food supplement in livestock is the lack of a regimen protocol with established dosage and time length of supplementation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of short-term supplementation with increasing doses of microalgae on ovarian response in goats reared in northeast Brazil.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight goats had their follicular waves synchronized using three injections of a prostaglandin analog at 7-day intervals. Goats were allocated to groups that received daily oral Chlorella supplementation for 7 days, respectively: 5 g, GMA5 group (n = 7), 10 g (GMA10; n = 7), and 20 g (GMA20; n = 7). The control group (GMA 0; n = 7) received a drench of water.
Results: The groups showed a quadratic increase (p = 0.0156) in kidney fat thickness but there was a significant reduction in dry matter intake in the GMA20 group. The GMA20 group showed higher glucose levels and glutathione peroxidase (p < 0.05). There was a decrease in plasma cholesterol (p < 0.05) in the 10 and 20 g treatments. The number of total follicles increased quadratically. Follicles <3 mm increased linearly (p = 0.0113) for microalgal supply. The GMA10 and GMA20 groups had the highest values (p < 0.05) among the treatments. After inducing ovulation, there was a significant increase in follicles >3 mm in the GMA10 group, which also showed a greater (p < 0.05) area of intraovarian blood perfusion and pulsatility index of the ovarian artery.
Conclusion: We conclude that for 7 days of supplementation, the administration of 10 g of microalgae appears to be the most efficient dosage for stimulating the ovarian response in tropical goats.
Keywords: Doppler, follicles, goat, microalga, ovarian blood flow, ovarian response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Raquel Lopes Silva
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Ceará State University (UECE), Fortaleza, Ceará, 60714-903, Brazil
| | | | | | - Camila Muniz Cavalcanti
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Ceará State University (UECE), Fortaleza, CearCeará, 60714-903, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Anibal Coutinho do Rego
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Ceará, 60021-970 Brazil
| | - Davide Rondina
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Ceará State University (UECE), Fortaleza, Ceará, 60714-903, Brazil
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Silva MRL, Alves JPM, Fernandes CCL, Cavalcanti CM, Conde AJH, Bezerra AF, Soares ACS, Teixeira DÍA, do Rego AC, Rondina D. Effect of short-term nutritional supplementation of green microalgae on some reproductive indicators of Anglo-Nubian crossbred goats. Vet World 2023; 16:464-473. [PMID: 37041830 PMCID: PMC10082726 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.464-473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Despite the wide spectrum of uses, one of the chief drawbacks to expanding microalgae as a food supplement in livestock is the lack of a regimen protocol with established dosage and time length of supplementation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of short-term supplementation with increasing doses of microalgae on ovarian response in goats reared in northeast Brazil. Materials and Methods Twenty-eight goats had their follicular waves synchronized using three injections of a prostaglandin analog at 7-day intervals. Goats were allocated to groups that received daily oral Chlorella supplementation for 7 days, respectively: 5 g, GMA5 group (n = 7), 10 g (GMA10; n = 7), and 20 g (GMA20; n = 7). The control group (GMA 0; n = 7) received a drench of water. Results The groups showed a quadratic increase (p = 0.0156) in kidney fat thickness but there was a significant reduction in dry matter intake in the GMA20 group. The GMA20 group showed higher glucose levels and glutathione peroxidase (p < 0.05). There was a decrease in plasma cholesterol (p < 0.05) in the 10 and 20 g treatments. The number of total follicles increased quadratically. Follicles <3 mm increased linearly (p = 0.0113) for microalgal supply. The GMA10 and GMA20 groups had the highest values (p < 0.05) among the treatments. After inducing ovulation, there was a significant increase in follicles >3 mm in the GMA10 group, which also showed a greater (p < 0.05) area of intraovarian blood perfusion and pulsatility index of the ovarian artery. Conclusion We conclude that for 7 days of supplementation, the administration of 10 g of microalgae appears to be the most efficient dosage for stimulating the ovarian response in tropical goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Raquel Lopes Silva
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Ceará State University (UECE), Fortaleza, Ceará, 60714-903, Brazil
| | | | | | - Camila Muniz Cavalcanti
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Ceará State University (UECE), Fortaleza, Ceará, 60714-903, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Anibal Coutinho do Rego
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Ceará, 60021-970 Brazil
| | - Davide Rondina
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Ceará State University (UECE), Fortaleza, Ceará, 60714-903, Brazil
- Corresponding author: Davide Rondina, e-mail: Co-authors: MRLS: , JPMA: , CCLF: , CMC: , AJHC: , AFB: , ACSS: , DIAT: , ACR:
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Marques ITO, Vasconcelos FR, Alves JPM, Montenegro AR, Fernandes CCL, Oliveira FBB, Silva CP, Nagano CS, Figueiredo FC, Beserra FJ, Moura AA, Rondina D. Proteome of milk fat globule membrane and mammary gland tissue in goat fed different lipid supplementation. Small Rumin Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2021.106378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Tsiplakou E, Abdullah MAM, Mavrommatis A, Chatzikonstantinou M, Skliros D, Sotirakoglou K, Flemetakis E, Labrou NE, Zervas G. The effect of dietary Chlorella vulgaris inclusion on goat's milk chemical composition, fatty acids profile and enzymes activities related to oxidation. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2017; 102:142-151. [PMID: 28447361 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The impact of dietary supplementation with microalgae on goat's milk chemical composition, fatty acids (FA) profile and enzymes activities related to antioxidant mechanism has not been well documented. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary inclusion of Chlorella vulgaris on the following: (i) milk yield, chemical composition and FA profile, (ii) the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in blood plasma and (iii) the activities of SOD, GR and lactoperoxidase (LPO) in milk of goats. Furthermore, the oxidative stress indicators for measuring total antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity [ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) and 2, 2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assays] and oxidative stress biomarkers [malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyls (PC)] were also determined in blood plasma and milk of the animals. For this purpose, 16 cross-bred goats were divided into two homogenous groups. Each goat of both groups was fed individually with alfalfa hay and concentrates separately. The concentrates of the control group (Control) had no microalgae, while those of the Chlorella group were supplemented with 10 g lyophilized Chlorella vulgaris/kg concentrates (Chlorella). Thus, the average intake was 5.15 g Chlorella vulgaris/kg DM. The results showed that the dietary inclusion of Chlorella vulgaris had not noticeable impact on goat's milk yield, chemical composition and FA profile. Significantly higher SOD (by 10.31%) and CAT (by 18.66%) activities in the blood plasma of goats fed with Chlorella vulgaris compared with the control were found. Moreover, the dietary supplementation with Chlorella vulgaris caused a significant increase in SOD (by 68.84%) activity and a reduction in PC (by 24.07%) content in goat's milk. In conclusion, the Chlorella vulgaris inclusion in goat's diets improved the antioxidant status of both animals and milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Tsiplakou
- Department of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - M A M Abdullah
- Department of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - A Mavrommatis
- Department of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - M Chatzikonstantinou
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - D Skliros
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - K Sotirakoglou
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biometry, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - E Flemetakis
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - N E Labrou
- Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - G Zervas
- Department of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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The effect of dietary Chlorella pyrenoidosa inclusion on goats milk chemical composition, fatty acids profile and enzymes activities related to oxidation. Livest Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2017.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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