1
|
Komisarz K, Majka TM, Pielichowski K. Chemical and Physical Modification of Lignin for Green Polymeric Composite Materials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 16:16. [PMID: 36614353 PMCID: PMC9821536 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lignin, a valuable polymer of natural origin, displays numerous desired intrinsic properties; however, modification processes leading to the value-added products suitable for composite materials' applications are in demand. Chemical modification routes involve mostly reactions with hydroxyl groups present in the structure of lignin, but other paths, such as copolymerization or grafting, are also utilized. On the other hand, physical techniques, such as irradiation, freeze-drying, and sorption, to enhance the surface properties of lignin and the resulting composite materials, are developed. Various kinds of chemically or physically modified lignin are discussed in this review and their effects on the properties of polymeric (bio)materials are presented. Lignin-induced enhancements in green polymer composites, such as better dimensional stability, improved hydrophobicity, and improved mechanical properties, along with biocompatibility and non-cytotoxicity, have been presented. This review addresses the challenges connected with the efficient modification of lignin, which depends on polymer origin and the modification conditions. Finally, future outlooks on modified lignins as useful materials on their own and as prospective biofillers for environmentally friendly polymeric materials are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tomasz M. Majka
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ganesh Babu A, Saravanakumar SS. Mechanical and physicochemical properties of green bio-films from poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/ nano rice hull fillers. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-03757-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
3
|
Li X, Meng L, Zhang Y, Qin Z, Meng L, Li C, Liu M. Research and Application of Polypropylene Carbonate Composite Materials: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:2159. [PMID: 35683832 PMCID: PMC9182813 DOI: 10.3390/polym14112159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The greenhouse effect and plastic pollution caused by the accumulation of plastics have led to a global concern for environmental protection, as well as the development and application of biodegradable materials. Polypropylene carbonate (PPC) is a biodegradable polymer with the function of "carbon sequestration", which has the potential to mitigate the greenhouse effect and the plastic crisis. It has the advantages of good ductility, oxygen barrier and biocompatibility. However, the mechanical and thermal properties of PPC are poor, especially the low thermal degradation temperature, which limits its industrial use. In order to overcome this problem, PPC can be modified using environmentally friendly materials, which can also reduce the cost of PPC-based products to a certain extent and enhance their competitiveness in terms of improving their mechanical and thermal properties. In this paper, we present different perspectives on the synthesis, properties, degradation, modification and post-modification applications of PPC. The modification part mainly introduces the influence of inorganic materials, natural polymer materials and degradable polymers on the performance of PPC. It is hoped that this work will serve as a reference for the early promotion of PPC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrui Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin City 132013, China; (X.L.); (L.M.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Lingyu Meng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin City 132013, China; (X.L.); (L.M.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Yinliang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin City 132013, China; (X.L.); (L.M.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Zexiu Qin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin City 132013, China; (X.L.); (L.M.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Lipeng Meng
- Jilin Forestry Research Institute, Jilin City 130117, China;
| | - Chunfeng Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin City 132013, China; (X.L.); (L.M.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Mingli Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihua University, Jilin City 132013, China; (X.L.); (L.M.); (Y.Z.); (Z.Q.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao L, Jia SL, Wang ZP, Chen YJ, Bian JJ, Han LJ, Zhang HL, Dong LS. Thermal, Rheological and Mechanical Properties of Biodegradable Poly(propylene carbonate)/Epoxidized Soybean Oil Blends. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-021-2590-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
5
|
Jiang C, Wang Z, Li J, Sun Z, Zhang Y, Li L, Moon KS, Wong C. RGO-templated lignin-derived porous carbon materials for renewable high-performance supercapacitors. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
6
|
Jiang C, Bo J, Xiao X, Zhang S, Wang Z, Yan G, Wu Y, Wong C, He H. Converting waste lignin into nano-biochar as a renewable substitute of carbon black for reinforcing styrene-butadiene rubber. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 102:732-742. [PMID: 31805446 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Industrial waste lignin was commonly burnt or discharged into river in the past. However, in this study, lignin has been converted into high value-added nano-biochar as a renewable reinforcing filler of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) by a simple high-temperature carbonization treatment. Herein, the physicochemical change in lignin before and after carbonization was investigated. It was found that lignin-derived biochar (LB) consisted of vesicle-like primary nanoparticles which were closely packed to form "high-structure" irregular fragments with a high specific surface area (83.41 m2/g). When incorporating LB into SBR, the tensile properties of LB/SBR composites were significantly improved. At the filler loading of 40 phr, the tensile strength and elongation at break of the rubber composite were improved up to 7.1-folds and 2.4-folds of pristine SBR, respectively. Compared to commercial carbon black (CB) N330, the LB showed a similar reinforcing effect on SBR. However, the analysis on the morphology, stress-strain behavior and dynamic mechanical behavior suggested distinct reinforcing mechanisms for LB- and CB-filled rubber composites, due to the difference in the surface properties and structural characteristic of fillers. This work showed the application potential of LB as a renewable substitute of CB in rubber industry and brought environmental and economic benefits for the disposal of lignin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Can Jiang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta 30332, GA, USA.
| | - Jinyu Bo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Xiefei Xiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Shumin Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Zuhao Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Guoping Yan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Yanguang Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Chingping Wong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta 30332, GA, USA
| | - Hui He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|