Amide hydrolyzing potential of amidase from halotolerant bacterium Brevibacterium sp. IIIMB2706

Recombinant Amidases: Recent Insights and its Applications in the Production of Industrially Important Fine Chemicals

The current research for the synthesis of industrially important fine chemicals is more inclined towards developing enzyme-based processes. The biotransformation reactions wherein microbial cells/enzymes are used, have become essential in making the process efficient, green, and economical. Amongst industrially important enzymes, amidase is one of the most versatile tools in biocatalysis and biotransformation reactions. It shows broad substrate specificity and sturdy functional characteristics because of its promiscuous nature. Further, advancement in the area led to the development of amidase recombinant systems, which are developed using biotechnology and enzyme engineering tools. Additionally, recombinant amidases may be instrumental in commercializing the synthesis of fine chemicals such as hydroxamic acids that have a significant pharmaceutical market. Hence, the present review focuses on highlighting and assimilating the tools and techniques used in developing recombinant systems followed by their applications.

Development of effective biotransformation process for benzohydroxamic acid production using Bacillus smithii IIIMB2907

The present study entails the usefulness of thermophilic amidase-producing bacterium in the biotransformation of benzamide to benzohydroxamic acid (BHA). A bacterium Bacillus smithii IIIMB2907 was isolated from a soil sample collected from hot springs of Manikaran, Himachal Pradesh, India. The whole cells of the bacterium displayed versatile substrate specificity by exhibiting significant activity with a diverse range of amides. In addition, amidase from thermophilic bacterium was induced by adding Ɛ-caprolactam in the mineral base media. The optimum temperature and pH of acyltransferase activity of amidase enzyme were found to be 50 °C and 7.0, respectively. Interestingly, half-life (t _1/2) of this enzyme was 17.37 h at 50 °C. Bench-scale production and purification of BHA was carried out at optimized conditions which resulted in the recovery of 64% BHA with a purity of 96%. Owing to this, the reported process in the present study can be considered of immense industrial significance for the production of BHA.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-022-03109-2.

Novel amidase catalysed process for the synthesis of vorinostat drug

AIM

Presently, N-hydroxy-N'-phenyloctanediamide (vorinostat) which is an effective histone deacetylase inhibitor, is being synthesized chemically. Hence, present study aims to develop an eco-friendly approach for the synthesis of vorinostat from N'-phenyloctanediamide through biotransformation.

METHODS AND RESULTS

Using the amidase of Bacillus smithii IIIMB2907 in time course conversion and organic solvent compatibility, maximum bioconversion was observed at 12 h of reaction time and in presence of ethanol, respectively. Potassium phosphate buffer of pH 7·0 supported maximum bioconversion of N'-phenyloctanediamide (10 mmol l^-1 ) into N-hydroxy-N'- phenyloctanediamide at 40°C. Bench scale study was successfully carried out with 83% yield of purified vorinostat.

CONCLUSION

In this study, an eco-friendly approach for the biotransformation of N'-phenyloctanediamide into vorinostat was developed by using cell free extract of thermophilic strain B. smithii IIIMB2907.

SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY

Microbial amidase has achieved remarkable attention in the field of biotransformation for the green synthesis of hydroxamic acids. Utilization of amidase from B. smithii IIIMB2907, specifically in the synthesis of vorinostat drug is a foremost attempt in the development a novel process and can also be employed in the synthesis of its derivatives as well.