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de Oliveira Rigotti RL, Tardelli JDC, Dos Reis AC, da Valente MLC. Influence of dental implant/mini-implant design on stress distribution in overdentures: a systematic review. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024; 28:515-527. [PMID: 37665393 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-023-01177-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Critically evaluate the existing literature and answer the question, "Does the dental implant/mini-implant design influence the stress distribution in prosthetic overdentures according to finite element analysis?". METHODS This systematic review was registered in the Open Science Framework (osf.io/2bquj) and followed the PRISMA protocols. The custom search strategy was applied to 4 databases. In vitro experimental studies that evaluated the influence of dental implant/mini-implant design on stress distribution in overdentures by FEM, without time and language restrictions, were included. The selection process was carried out in two stages by two reviewers independently. Risk of bias analysis was performed by a checklist of important parameters. RESULTS Sixty articles were evaluated by their title and abstract, four were selected for full reading, three were relevant, and nine were included by additional search. The 12 studies have a low risk of bias. The meta-analysis could not be performed due to the heterogeneity of the data (implant type, design variation, load intensity, and direction). CONCLUSION It can be inferred from the evaluated literature that design modifications influence the stress distribution, but as the FEM presents limitations inherent to the in vitro study, clinical trials are necessary to infer the effectiveness of the modifications. It should be noted that there is no consensus on which is the best thread design and that implants with a very narrow diameter are subject to the highest stress concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan Leonardi de Oliveira Rigotti
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, USP-University of São Paulo, Av. Do Café, S/N, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Juliana Dias Corpa Tardelli
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, USP-University of São Paulo, Av. Do Café, S/N, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Andréa Cândido Dos Reis
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, USP-University of São Paulo, Av. Do Café, S/N, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Mariana Lima Costa da Valente
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto Dental School, USP-University of São Paulo, Av. Do Café, S/N, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil.
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Aktas T, Diker N. Biomechanical effects of inclined implant shoulder design in all-on-four treatment concept: a three-dimensional finite element analysis. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 2023; 68:583-591. [PMID: 37283247 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2023-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to assess the biomechanical behaviour of using a posterior implant design with inclined shoulder designs in all-on-four treatment via three-dimensional finite element analysis. METHODS Implants with standard and inclined shoulder designs were modelled for posterior implants. Implants were positioned into the maxilla and mandible models according to the all-on-four concept. Compressive stresses in the peri-implant bone, the von Mises stresses in the different components of the prosthetic restoration, and movement of the prosthesis were obtained. RESULTS The compressive stresses of the models with inclined shoulder design resulted in 15-58 % decrease compared with standard shoulder design. The von Mises stresses in the posterior implants reduced 18-47 %, stresses in the implant body increased 38-78 %, stresses in the abutment screw reduced 20-65 %, stresses in the framework of prosthesis reduced 1-18 % and deformation of the prosthesis was reduced 6-37 % in the models of inclined shoulder design compared with models of standard shoulder design. The compressive and von Mises stresses were generally higher in the mandible models than in the maxilla models for standard and inclined shoulder designs. CONCLUSIONS All evaluated components of the simulated treatment except for posterior abutment bodies showed better biomechanical behaviour with inclined shoulder design. The clinical success of all-on-four treatment maybe enhanced by using posterior implants with an inclined shoulder design.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nurettin Diker
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Szabó ÁL, Matusovits D, Slyteen H, Lakatos ÉI, Baráth Z. Biomechanical Effects of Different Load Cases with an Implant-Supported Full Bridge on Four Implants in an Edentulous Mandible: A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis (3D-FEA). Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:261. [PMID: 37999025 PMCID: PMC10670282 DOI: 10.3390/dj11110261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The long-term success and predictability of implant-supported restorations largely depends on the biomechanical forces (stresses) acting on implants and the surrounding alveolar bone in the mandible. The aim of our study was to investigate the biomechanical behavior of an edentulous mandible with an implant-supported full bridge on four implants under simulated masticatory forces, in the context of different loading schemes, using a three-dimensional finite element analysis (3D-FEA). A patient-specific 3D finite element model was constructed using pre- and post-implantation computer tomography (CT) images of a patient undergoing implant treatment. Simplified masticatory forces set at 300 N were exerted vertically on the denture in four different simulated load cases (LC1-LC4). Two sets of simulations for different implants and denture materials (S1: titanium and titanium; S2: titanium and cobalt-chromium, respectively) were made. Stress outputs were taken as maximum (Pmax) and minimum principal stress (Pmin) and equivalent stress (Peqv) values. The highest peak Pmax values were observed for LC2 (where the modelled masticatory force excluded the cantilevers of the denture extending behind the terminal implants), both regarding the cortical bone (S1 Pmax: 89.57 MPa, S2 Pmax: 102.98 MPa) and trabecular bone (S1 Pmax: 3.03 MPa, S2 Pmax: 2.62 MPa). Overall, LC1-where masticatory forces covered the entire mesio-distal surface of the denture, including the cantilever-was the most advantageous. Peak Pmax values in the cortical bone and the trabecular bone were 14.97-15.87% and 87.96-94.54% higher in the case of S2, respectively. To ensure the long-term maintenance and longevity of treatment for implant-supported restorations in the mandible, efforts to establish the stresses of the surrounding bone in the physiological range, with the most even stress distribution possible, have paramount importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Árpád László Szabó
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, Tisza Lajos krt. 64-66., 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.L.S.); (D.M.)
| | - Danica Matusovits
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, Tisza Lajos krt. 64-66., 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.L.S.); (D.M.)
| | - Haydar Slyteen
- Department of Structural Mechanics, Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Műegyetem rkp. 3., 1111 Budapest, Hungary; (H.S.); (É.I.L.)
| | - Éva Ilona Lakatos
- Department of Structural Mechanics, Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Műegyetem rkp. 3., 1111 Budapest, Hungary; (H.S.); (É.I.L.)
| | - Zoltán Baráth
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Szeged, Tisza Lajos krt. 64-66., 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Á.L.S.); (D.M.)
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Yang Y, Liu Y, Yuan X, Ren M, Chen X, Luo L, Zheng L, Liu Y. Three-dimensional finite element analysis of stress distribution on short implants with different bone conditions and osseointegration rates. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:220. [PMID: 37061667 PMCID: PMC10105927 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02945-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of bone conditions and osseointegration rates on the stress distribution of short implants using finite element analysis and also to provide some reference for the application of short implants from a biomechanical prospect. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anisotropic jaw bone models with three bone conditions and 4.1 × 6 mm implant models were created, and four osseointegration rates were simulated. Stress and strain for the implants and jaws were calculated during vertical or oblique loading. RESULTS The cortical bone area around the implant neck was most stressed. The maximum von Mises stress in cortical bone increased with bone deterioration and osseointegration rate, with maximum values of 144.32 MPa and 203.94 MPa for vertical and inclined loading, respectively. The osseointegration rate had the greatest effect on the maximum principal stress in cortical bone of type III bone, with its value increasing by 63.8% at a 100% osseointegration rate versus a 25% osseointegration rate. The maximum and minimum principal stresses under inclined load are 1.3 ~ 1.7 and 1.4 ~ 1.8 times, respectively, those under vertical load. The stress on the jaw bone did not exceed the threshold when the osseointegration rate was ≥ 50% for Type II and 100% for Type III. High strain zones are found in cancellous bone, and the maximum strain increases as the bone condition deteriorate and the rate of osseointegration decreases. CONCLUSIONS The maximum stress in the jaw bone increases as the bone condition deteriorates and the osseointegration rate increases. Increased osseointegration rate reduces cancellous bone strain and improves implant stability without exceeding the yield strength of the cortical bone. When the bone condition is good, and the osseointegration ratio is relatively high, 6 mm short implants can be used. In clinical practice, incline loading is an unfavorable loading condition, and axial loading should be used as much as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhe Yang
- Graduate School of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Xi Yuan
- Graduate School of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Mingfa Ren
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dalian Stomatological Hospital, Dalian, 116021, China
| | - Lailong Luo
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Lang Zheng
- Graduate School of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dalian Stomatological Hospital, Dalian, 116021, China.
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Prados-Privado M, Martínez-Martínez C, Gehrke SA, Prados-Frutos JC. Influence of Bone Definition and Finite Element Parameters in Bone and Dental Implants Stress: A Literature Review. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9080224. [PMID: 32823884 PMCID: PMC7464638 DOI: 10.3390/biology9080224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bone plays an important role in dental implant treatment success. The goal of this literature review is to analyze the influence of bone definition and finite element parameters on stress in dental implants and bone in numerical studies. A search was conducted of Pubmed, Science Direct and LILACS, and two independent reviewers performed the data extraction. The quality of the selected studies was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook tool for clinical trials. Seventeen studies were included. Titanium was the most commonly-used material in dental implants. The magnitude of the applied loads varied from 15 to 300 N with a mean of 182 N. Complete osseointegration was the most common boundary condition. Evidence from this review suggests that bone is commonly defined as an isotropic material, despite being an anisotropic tissue, and that it is analyzed as a ductile material, instead of as a fragile material. In addition, and in view of the data analyzed in this review, it can be concluded that there is no standardization for conducting finite element studies in the field of dentistry. Convergence criteria are only detailed in two of the studies included in this review, although they are a key factor in obtaining accurate results in numerical studies. It is therefore necessary to implement a methodology that indicates which parameters a numerical simulation must include, as well as how the results should be analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Prados-Privado
- Asisa Dental, Research Department, C/José Abascal, 32, 28003 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Higher Polytechnic School, Universidad de Alcalá de Henares, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33,600, Alcalá de Henares, 28805 Madrid, Spain
- Department Continuum Mechanics and Structural Analysis, Higher Polytechnic School, Carlos III University, Avenida de la Universidad 30, Leganés, 28911 Madrid, Spain
- IDIBO GROUP (Group of High-Performance Research, Development and Innovation in Dental Biomaterials of Rey Juan Carlos University), Avenida de Atenas s/n, Alcorcón, 28922 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Sergio A. Gehrke
- Department of Research, Biotecnos, Cuareim 1483, Montevideo CP 11100, Uruguay;
| | - Juan Carlos Prados-Frutos
- Department of Medicine Specialties and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, Avenida de Atenas s/n, Alcorcón, 28922 Madrid, Spain;
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Ramos A, Mesnard M. Finite element model to predict bone loss around dental implant. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2020.1713474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Ramos
- TEMA, Biomechanics Research Group, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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Tretto PHW, Dos Santos MBF, Spazzin AO, Pereira GKR, Bacchi A. Assessment of stress/strain in dental implants and abutments of alternative materials compared to conventional titanium alloy-3D non-linear finite element analysis. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2020; 23:372-383. [PMID: 32116034 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2020.1731481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the stress/strain in dental implant/abutments with alternative materials, in implants with different microgeometry, through finite element analysis (FEA). Three-dimensional models were created to simulate the clinical situation of replacement of a maxillary central incisor with implants, in a type III bone, with a provisional single crown, loaded with 100 N in a perpendicular direction. The FEA parameters studied were: implant materials-titanium, porous titanium, titanium-zirconia, zirconia, reinforced fiberglass composite (RFC), and polyetheretherketone (PEEK); and abutment materials-titanium, zirconia, RFC, and PEEK; implant macrogeometry-tapered of trapezoidal threads (TTT) and cylindrical of triangular threads (CTT) (ø4.3 mm × 11 mm). Microstrain, von Mises, shear, and maximum and minimum principal stresses in the structures and in peri-implant bone were compared. There was increased stress and strain in peri-implant bone tissue caused by implants of materials with lower elastic modulus (mainly for PEEK and RFC). They also presented higher concentration of stresses in the implant itself (especially RFC). Zirconia implants led to lower stress and strains in peri-implant bone tissue. Less rigid abutments (RFC and PEEK) associated with titanium implants led to higher stress in the implant and in peri-implant bone tissue. The TTT macrogeometry showed a higher stress concentration in the implant and peri-implant bone tissue. The stress/strain in peri-implant bone tissue and implant structures were affected by the material used, where reduced values were caused by stiffer materials. Lower stress/strain values were obtained with cylindrical implants of triangular treads.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aloisio Oro Spazzin
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Meridional Faculty-IMED, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira
- Graduate Program in Oral Science (Prosthodontics Units), Federal University of Santa Maria - UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Atais Bacchi
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Meridional Faculty-IMED, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
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Liu T, Mu Z, Yu T, Wang C, Huang Y. Biomechanical comparison of implant inclinations and load times with the all-on-4 treatment concept: a three-dimensional finite element analysis. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2019; 22:585-594. [PMID: 30821483 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2019.1572120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of implant inclinations and load times on stress distributions in the peri-implant bone based on immediate- and delayed-loading models. Four 3D FEA models with different inclination angle of the posterior implants (0°, 15°, 30°, 45°) were constructed. A static load of 150 N in the multivectoral direction was applied unilaterally to the cantilever region. The stress distributions in the peri-implant bone were evaluated before and after osseointegration. The principal tensile stress (σmax), mean principal tensile stress (σmax), principal compressive stress (σmin) and mean principal compressive stress (σmin) of the bone and micromotion at the contact interface between the bone and implants were calculated. In all the models, peak principal stresses occurred in the bone surrounding the left tilted implant. The highest σmax and σmin were all observed in the 0° model for both immediate- and delayed-loading models. And the 0° and 15° models showed higher σmax and σmin values. The 0°models showed the largest micromotion. The observed stress distribution was better in the 30° and 45° models than in the 0° and 15° models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- a College of Stomatology , Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , China.,b Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education , Chongqing , China
| | - Zhixiang Mu
- a College of Stomatology , Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , China.,b Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education , Chongqing , China
| | - Ti Yu
- a College of Stomatology , Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , China.,b Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education , Chongqing , China
| | - Chao Wang
- a College of Stomatology , Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , China.,c Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences , Chongqing , China
| | - Yuanding Huang
- a College of Stomatology , Chongqing Medical University , Chongqing , China.,c Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences , Chongqing , China
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Li H, Shi M, Liu X, Shi Y. Uncertainty optimization of dental implant based on finite element method, global sensitivity analysis and support vector regression. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2018; 233:232-243. [DOI: 10.1177/0954411918819116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work, an uncertainty optimization approach for dental implant is proposed to reduce the stress at implant–bone interface. Finite element method is utilized to calculate the stress at implant–bone interface, and support vector regression is used to replace finite element method to ease the computational cost. Deterministic optimization based on support vector regression is conducted, which demonstrates that the method using support vector regression replacing finite element method in dental implant optimization is efficient and reliable. Global sensitivity analysis based on support vector regression is used to assign different uncertainties (manufacturing errors) to different design variables to save the manufacturing cost. Two popular uncertainty optimization methods, k-sigma method and interval method, are used for the uncertainty optimization of dental implant. The results indicate that the stress at implant–bone interface is reduced greatly considering the uncertainties in design variables with the manufacturing cost increasing a little. This approach can be promoted to other types of bio-implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyou Li
- College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| | - Maolin Shi
- College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuying Shi
- College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
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Uklejewski R, Winiecki M, Patalas A, Rogala P. Numerical studies of the influence of various geometrical features of a multispiked connecting scaffold prototype on mechanical stresses in peri-implant bone. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2018; 21:541-547. [PMID: 30396280 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2018.1480759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The multispiked connecting scaffold (MSC-scaffold) prototype is an essential innovation in the fixation of components of resurfacing arthroplasty (RA) endoprostheses, providing their entirely non-cemented and bone-tissue-preserving fixation in peri-articular bone. An FE study is proposed to evaluate the influence of geometrical features of the MSC-scaffold on the transfer of mechanical load in peri-implant bone. For this study, an FE model of Ti-Alloy MSC-scaffold prototype embedded in a bilinear elastic, transversely isotropic bone material was built. For the compressive load on the MSC-scaffold, maps of Huber-Mises-Hencky (HMH) stress in peri-implant bone were determined. The influence of the distance between the bases of neighbouring spikes, the apex angle of spikes, and the height of the spherical cup of spikes of the MSC-scaffold were analysed. It was found that the changes in the distance between the bases of neighbouring spikes from 0.2 to 0.5 mm cause the HMH stress to increase in bone material by 32%. The changes of the apex angle of spikes from 2° to 4° decrease the HMH stress in bone material by 39%. The changes of height of the spherical cup of spikes from 0 to 0.12 mm increase the HMH stress in bone material by 24%. In conclusion, the spikes' apex angle and the distance between the bases of spikes of the MSC-scaffold are the key geometrical features determining the appropriate MSC-scaffold prototype design. The built FE model was found to be useful in bioengineering design of the novel fixation system for RA endoprostheses by means of the MSC-scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryszard Uklejewski
- a Department of Medical Bioengineering Fundamentals , Institute of Technology, Kazimierz Wielki University , Karola Chodkiewicza Street 30 , 85-064 Bydgoszcz , Poland .,b Department of Technology Design/Laboratory of Bone Implants Research and Design , Institute of Mechanical Technology, Poznan University of Technology , Piotrowo Street 3 , 60-965 Poznan , Poland
| | - Mariusz Winiecki
- a Department of Medical Bioengineering Fundamentals , Institute of Technology, Kazimierz Wielki University , Karola Chodkiewicza Street 30 , 85-064 Bydgoszcz , Poland .,b Department of Technology Design/Laboratory of Bone Implants Research and Design , Institute of Mechanical Technology, Poznan University of Technology , Piotrowo Street 3 , 60-965 Poznan , Poland
| | - Adam Patalas
- b Department of Technology Design/Laboratory of Bone Implants Research and Design , Institute of Mechanical Technology, Poznan University of Technology , Piotrowo Street 3 , 60-965 Poznan , Poland
| | - Piotr Rogala
- c Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology , W. Dega University Hospital, Poznan University of Medical Sciences , 28 Czerwca 1956 Street 135/147 , 61-545 Poznan , Poland
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Borges Radaelli MT, Idogava HT, Spazzin AO, Noritomi PY, Boscato N. Parafunctional loading and occlusal device on stress distribution around implants: A 3D finite element analysis. J Prosthet Dent 2018; 120:565-572. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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