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Zlatanovska I, Stafilov T, Šajn R, Gonovska BD, Dimovska S, Janusheski J, Memeti S, Barandovski L. Assessment of radiological hazards of soils from the city of Bitola (Macedonia) and its environs. ISOTOPES IN ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH STUDIES 2024:1-18. [PMID: 38995201 DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2024.2377358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
To establish the radioactivity level of soils and assess the associated radiological impact on residents, 58 samples from the town of Bitola and its environs were collected. After conducting gross alpha and gross beta measurements with a gas-flow proportional counter as a preliminary screening test, subsequent gamma-spectrometry measurements reveal the presence of 40K, 226Ra, 232Th, and 137Cs in the soil samples as radionuclides with the highest impact. The absorbed gamma dose rate, the annual effective dose, radium equivalent activity, external hazard index, gamma index, excess lifetime cancer risk, and annual gonadal dose were calculated using the obtained activity concentrations of the radionuclides. Upon comparison with similar studies conducted in the Balkan countries, the obtained results for radiation hazard indices were found to be the highest in the region. Coloured maps were generated to visually represent the spatial distribution of the absorbed gamma dose rate in air and annual effective dose, clearly indicating the combined influence of geology and human activities, including the nearby thermoelectric power plant operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Zlatanovska
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Trajče Stafilov
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Robert Šajn
- Geological Survey of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Snežana Dimovska
- Institute for Public Health of the Republic of Macedonia, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Jovan Janusheski
- Institute for Public Health of the Republic of Macedonia, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Shaban Memeti
- Institute for Public Health of the Republic of Macedonia, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Lambe Barandovski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Skopje, Macedonia
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Kamislioglu M, Kocak I, Buyuk B, Eke C, Ozaydin Ozkara R, Temiz U. Investigation of natural and artificial radioactivity levels in travertines of the Cappadocia region in Turkey. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:181. [PMID: 38695964 PMCID: PMC11065933 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01963-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
This study determined natural and artificial radionuclide concentrations to evaluate natural radioactivity and health risk levels of nine travertines in the Yaprakhisar and Balkayası regions in Turkey. The samples coded B1-M, B2, B5, B7, B8, and B10 represent waste derived from the Yaprakhisar travertines, as well as samples T5-M, T12, and Z1 travertines derived from Balkayası. The levels of natural and artificial radionuclide concentrations (232Th, 40K, and 137Cs) were measured using a high-purity germanium (HpGe) detector system. The travertine activity ranged from 2.09 to 12.07 Bq kg-1 for 232Th, 4.21 to 13.41 Bq kg-1 for 40K, and 0.42-3.26 Bq kg-1 for 137Cs. The results showed that the activity concentration values for 232Th, 40K, and 137Cs were coherent with the travertine analysis results in the UNSCEAR, 2000; 2008 publications. The values obtained were lower than the average values in the UNSEAR reports. The radiological hazard parameters calculated in this study were absorbed gamma dose rate (D), radium equivalent activity (Raeq), annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE), exposure dose (ER), total annual effective dose (AEDEtotal), excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCRtotal), gamma representative level (GRL), internal hazard index (Hin) and external hazard index (Hex).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kamislioglu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Vocational School of Health Services, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, 10200, Balikesir, Turkey
- Boron Technologies Application and Research Center, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, 10200, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - I Kocak
- Boron Technologies Application and Research Center, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, 10200, Balikesir, Turkey.
- Department of Engineering Science, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, 10200, Balikesir, Turkey.
| | - B Buyuk
- Boron Technologies Application and Research Center, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, 10200, Balikesir, Turkey
- Department of Engineering Science, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University, 10200, Balikesir, Turkey
| | - C Eke
- Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Education, Akdeniz University, 07058, Antalya, Turkey
| | - R Ozaydin Ozkara
- Nuclear Technology and Radiation Safety, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Akdeniz University, 07058, Antalya, Turkey
| | - U Temiz
- Geological Engineering Department, Engineering and Architectural Faculty, Yozgat Bozok University, 66100, Yozgat, Turkey
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Khan M, Chaudhary MZ, Khan EU, Abid J, Nasir T, Yaqoob N. Assessment of radiological indices and physiochemical characterization of sediments in Chashma Lake, Pakistan. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1219. [PMID: 37718371 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11825-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Twenty surface sediment samples were gathered from Chasma Lake, deciding the radionuclides 137Cs, 226Ra, 228Ra, 232Th, and 40K and their associated hazard indices. The deliberate radionuclide activities of present research have been contrasted with earlier research, and acquired outcomes in the present study are found below the results in the world. The radiation hazard indices following the presence of natural radionuclides in sediment samples were estimated, and the results assigned the values of all the determined radiological indices found inside the worldwide suggested limits. It was concluded from the current review that the sediment of Chashma Lake is safe for construction and agriculture and does not make radiation dangerous to the nearby local area of the lake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Khan
- District Education Authority Mianwali, Mianwali, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Jawaria Abid
- Isotope Application Division, PINSTECH, P.O. Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Tabassum Nasir
- Institute of Physics, Gomal University, D. I Khan, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Yaqoob
- Isotope Application Division, PINSTECH, P.O. Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
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İsel P, Sahin L, Hafızoğlu N, Ganioğlu E, Mülayim A. Natural and artificial radioactive pollution in sediment and soil samples of the Bosphorus, Istanbul. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27455-7. [PMID: 37160855 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27455-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This study focused on the determination of natural (238U, 232Th, and 40K) and artificial (137Cs) radionuclide concentrations both in 55 sediment samples collected from various depths in the Bosphorus and 5 soil samples from the coastline of the Bosphorus, Istanbul, using gamma-ray spectrometry with an HPGe detector. The mean activity concentrations of natural 238U, 232Th, and 40K and anthropogenic 137Cs were determined to be 11.41 ± 0.21 Bq kg-1, 6.87 ± 0.16 Bq kg-1, 369.61 ± 3.41 Bq kg-1, and 6.54 ± 0.11 Bq kg-1, respectively, in the sediment samples. The average activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th, 40K, and 137Cs radionuclides in the soil samples were also measured to be 11.65 ± 0.18 Bq kg-1, 9.55 ± 0.15 Bq kg-1, 369.43 ± 3.09 Bq kg-1, and 4.57 ± 0.09 Bq kg-1, respectively. Radiological contour maps based on the activity concentrations of natural and artificial radionuclides in the sediment samples for the Bosphorus, Istanbul, were created. The total annual effective doses due to soil samples were calculated to be 34.58 μSv y-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pınar İsel
- Institute of Graduate Studies in Science, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34452, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Latife Sahin
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Nurgül Hafızoğlu
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ela Ganioğlu
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Mülayim
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
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Ağgez G, Ganioğlu E, Sahin L, Hafızoğlu N. Radiation doses due to smoking different types of tobacco leaves grown in Turkey. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2022; 61:615-622. [PMID: 36153369 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-022-00995-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th, 40 K and 137Cs radionuclides in 25 samples of tobacco leaves grown in Turkey have been measured using a high purity co-axial germanium detector. The measured activity concentrations for 238U ranged from 3.6 to 22.5 Bq kg-1 with an average of 9.8 Bq kg-1, for 232Th from 0.8 to 11.0 Bq kg-1 with an average of 2.4 Bq kg-1, and for 40 K from 360.3 to 1,479.5 Bq kg-1 with an average of 810.0 Bq kg-1. The concentrations of 137Cs, the residue of fallout from the Chernobyl reactor accident, were found to range from 0.2 to 2.1 Bq kg-1 with an average of 0.5 Bq kg-1. The results indicate that the average activity concentrations of 238U and 232Th lie within the range of measured values worldwide, whereas for 40 K the average was found to be higher. The average annual effective radiation doses from the inhalation of the corresponding tobacco smoke by an adult smoking 20 cigarettes per day was deduced to be 93.3 μSv y-1 for 238U, 193.2 μSv y-1 for 232Th, 5.6 μSv y-1 for 40 K, and 292.1 μSv y-1 in total. The average annual effective dose from 137Cs was calculated to be 8.5 nSv y-1. The resulting average annual effective radiation doses of 0.3 mSv due to the inhalation of natural radiation sources in tobacco were compared with studies worldwide and found much smaller than the worldwide average effective dose of 1.26 mSv. It is concluded that smoking may contribute a non-negligible fraction to the annual effective dose depending on cigarette consumption and activity concentration in tobacco. This study is the first in which natural and anthropogenic radioactivity in tobacco in Turkey was measured. Therefore, it is considered as a baseline study. Further studies are needed to investigate the role of tobacco refinement in the observed reduction of 238U concentration of refined tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Güler Ağgez
- Institute of Graduate Studies in Sciences, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34452, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ela Ganioğlu
- Department of Physics, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Latife Sahin
- Department of Physics, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nurgül Hafızoğlu
- Department of Physics, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, 34134, Istanbul, Turkey
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Assessment of radiation doses from natural radioactivity measurements in the spa centres of Kütahya Province, Turkey. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08342-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Esan DT, Ajiboye Y, Obed RI, Ojo J, Adeola M, Sridhar MK. Measurement of Natural Radioactivity and Assessment of Radiological Hazard Indices of Soil Over the Lithologic Units in Ile-Ife Area, South-West Nigeria. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INSIGHTS 2022; 16:11786302221100041. [PMID: 35645568 PMCID: PMC9134001 DOI: 10.1177/11786302221100041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of natural radioactivity levels of 238U, 232Th, and 40K in soils overlying the 3 lithologic units within Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria was investigated to characterize the gamma radiation dose distribution over the lithologies and to assess the radiation hazard due to the natural radionuclides. A thallium-doped cesium iodide detector was employed to determine the activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th, and 40K in 21 soil samples. The respective average concentrations of the 3 radionuclides are 37.7, 3.2, and 245.6 Bq kg-1 for granite gneiss, 31.9, 2.8, and 241.1 Bq kg-1 for banded gneiss, and 21.1, 1.7, and 196.7 Bq kg-1 for mica schist. The average concentration of 238U in granite gneiss lithology exceeds the world average value. The evaluated values of radiation hazard parameters including average absorbed dose rate, outdoor annual effective dose and external hazard index are below the recommended limits. The spatial distribution of the radiation hazard parameters evaluated over the lithologies has been delineated. The highest average cancer risk of 1.15 per 10 000 population was obtained for the study area within the soil overlying the banded gneiss lithology. Generally, the radiation hazard from the soils in study area poses no significant health hazard.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rachel I Obed
- University of Ibadan Faculty of Science, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Joshua Ojo
- Obafemi Awolowo University, Ife, Nigeria
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Çetinkaya H, Manisa K, Işık U. RADIOACTIVITY CONTENT OF BUILDING MATERIALS USED IN KUTAHYA PROVINCE, TURKEY. RADIATION PROTECTION DOSIMETRY 2022; 198:167-174. [PMID: 35190836 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncac012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Radioactivity concentrations of primordial radionuclides Ra-226, Th-232 and K-40 for 31 samples of seven different types of construction materials used in Kütahya Province, Turkey, were analyzed using NaI(Tl) gamma spectroscopy. Ra-226, Th-232 and K-40 activities of all samples ranged between <2.0 and 81.3 ± 1.5, <1.0 and 24.8 ± 0.5 and <7.8 and 819.1 ± 5.5 Bq kg -1, respectively. Radium equivalent activity and Gamma index of sampled building materials were calculated and presented. All results were found to be below the safety limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Çetinkaya
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Dumlupınar University, Kütahya 43100, Turkey
| | - Kaan Manisa
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Dumlupınar University, Kütahya 43100, Turkey
| | - Ulaş Işık
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Dumlupınar University, Kütahya 43100, Turkey
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Afzal I, Chaudhary MZ, Khan EU, Nasir T, Yaqoob N. Radiological risk assessment in sediment of Namal Lake, Mianwali, Pakistan. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:223. [PMID: 35217922 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-09881-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study is concentrated on the radiological risk assessment of sixteen surface sediment samples recovered from Namal Lake, District Mianwali, Punjab, Pakistan. The activity of 137Cs, 40 K, 226Ra, 228Ra, and 232Th was carried out with the help of a high purity germanium detector (HPGe) in the sediment, varied in the ranges of > 0.02-3.73 ± 1.31, 98.32 ± 21.45-341.02 ± 58.67, 18.34 ± 2.16-34.23 ± 4.34, 1.62 ± .30-2.34 ± .52, and 0.14 ± 0.10-2.34 ± 0.59 Bq kg-1 with average values 0.74 ± 0.29, 237.26 ± 37.97, 25.06 ± 4.74, 1.97 ± 0.39, and 1.73 ± 0.33 Bq kg-1, respectively. The measured concentrations in the current study have been compared with other earlier studies in the world. The data was also used for determining the other useful parameters like radium equivalent activity, absorbed dose rate, annual effective dose rate, and external and internal hazards index to assess the radiological risk assessment for the environment around the study area. The ERICA Tool software was also applied for radiological risk assessment for lake fish due to the radioactivity present in the lake sediments. It was concluded from the results of ERICA tool that the risk quotient in this study is less than one indicating that no toxic effects of radioactivity for Namal Lake fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Afzal
- Institute of Physics, Gomal University, D. I. Khan, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Tabassum Nasir
- Institute of Physics, Gomal University, D. I. Khan, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Yaqoob
- Isotope Application Division, PINSTECH, P.O. Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Ozaydin Ozkara R, Eke C, Boztosun I. A study on the activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, 137Cs and radiological risk assessments in soil samples from Seydisehir and Beysehir districts of Konya in Turkey. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-08046-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Assessment of natural radioactivity level of soil and water in the region of Çorlu (Turkey). J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07906-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Yadav AK, Hopke PK. Characterization of radionuclide activity concentrations and lifetime cancer risk due to particulate matter in the Singrauli Coalfield, India. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2020; 192:680. [PMID: 33025180 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08619-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the activities of 40K, 210Pb, 232Th, 234U, 235U, and 238U in size-segregated particulate matter (PM) were measured in the Singrauli Coalfield, India. Different isotopic compositions were found relative to natural uranium ratios. The radioactivity concentration ratios in different PM sizes [PM2.5, PM10, and suspended particulate matter (SPM)] suggested that anthropogenic sources affected the uranium isotopic compositions in the area. A different isotopic composition from the natural uranium composition was found. The correlation coefficients between the measured isotopes (40K, 210Pb, 232Th, 234U, 235U, and 238U) and meteorological factors were calculated. PM emissions were affected by the meteorological conditions, which in turn, influenced the U and Th concentrations in PM. The 232Th/238U activity ratio in particulate matter was between 0.20 and 1.54 with an average value of 0.9 ± 0.5, 0.2 to 1.1 (0.8 ± 0.7), and 0.2 to 1.2 with an average value of 0.8 ± 0.8 in PM2.5, PM10, and SPM, respectively. These range were quite different from the average crustal ratio of 3.5, indicating that the 238U concentrations were elevated in this region relative to Th. However, compared with Th, the dose contribution of U to the public was negligible. The average effective dose in public owing to inhalation of natural radioactive 40K, 210Pb, 232Th, and 234U, 235U, and 238U in the atmosphere was between 0.03 and 327 nSv year-1. These doses associated with the inhalation of particulate matter were lower than world airborne reference value as reported by UNSCEAR (2000a). Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhilesh Kumar Yadav
- Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, 221 005, India.
| | - Philip Karl Hopke
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
- Institue for a Sustainable Environment, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 13699, USA
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Estimation of background radiation levels and associated health risks in mineral rich district Chiniot, Pakistan. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-019-06425-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Méndez-García CG, Romero-Guzmán ET, Hernández-Mendoza H, Solís-Rosales C, Chávez-Lomelí ER. Assessment of the concentrations of U and Th in PM2.5 from Mexico City and their potential human health risk. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-017-5549-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Natural radioactivity levels and related risk assessment in soil samples from Sakarya, Turkey. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-017-5266-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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