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Almeida PP, Brito ML, Thomasi B, Mafra D, Fouque D, Knauf C, Tavares-Gomes AL, Stockler-Pinto MB. Is the enteric nervous system a lost piece of the gut-kidney axis puzzle linked to chronic kidney disease? Life Sci 2024; 351:122793. [PMID: 38848938 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
The enteric nervous system (ENS) regulates numerous functional and immunological attributes of the gastrointestinal tract. Alterations in ENS cell function have been linked to intestinal outcomes in various metabolic, intestinal, and neurological disorders. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a challenging intestinal environment due to gut dysbiosis, which further affects patient quality of life. Although the gut-related repercussions of CKD have been thoroughly investigated, the involvement of the ENS in this puzzle remains unclear. ENS cell dysfunction, such as glial reactivity and alterations in cholinergic signaling in the small intestine and colon, in CKD are associated with a wide range of intestinal pathways and responses in affected patients. This review discusses how the ENS is affected in CKD and how it is involved in gut-related outcomes, including intestinal permeability, inflammation, oxidative stress, and dysmotility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michele Lima Brito
- Pathology Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Thomasi
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University (MSU), East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Denise Mafra
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Denis Fouque
- Department of Nephrology, Centre Hopitalier Lyon Sud, INSERM 1060, CENS, Université de Lyon, France
| | - Claude Knauf
- INSERM U1220 Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive, CHU Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Ana Lúcia Tavares-Gomes
- Neurosciences Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Milena Barcza Stockler-Pinto
- Pathology Post Graduate Program, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil; INSERM U1220 Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive, CHU Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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2
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Choi NR, Kwon MJ, Choi WG, Kim SC, Park JW, Nam JH, Kim BJ. The traditional herbal medicines mixture, Banhasasim-tang, relieves the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome via modulation of TRPA1, NaV1.5 and NaV1.7 channels. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 312:116499. [PMID: 37059250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The cause of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorder, remains unclear. Banhasasim-tang (BHSST), a traditional herbal medicines mixture, mainly used to treat GI-related diseases, may have a potential in IBS treatment. IBS is characterized by abdominal pain as the main clinical symptom, which seriously affects the quality of life. AIM OF THE STUDY We conducted a study to evaluate the effectiveness of BHSST and its mechanisms of action in treating IBS. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated the efficacy of BHSST in a zymosan-induced diarrhea-predominant animal model of IBS. Electrophysiological methods were used to confirm modulation of transient receptor potential (TRP) and voltage-gated Na+ (NaV) ion channels, which are associated mechanisms of action. RESULTS Oral administration of BHSST decreased colon length, increased stool scores, and increased colon weight. Weight loss was also minimized without affecting food intake. In mice administered with BHSST, the mucosal thickness was suppressed, making it similar to that of normal mice, and the degree of tumor necrosis factor-α was severely reduced. These effects were similar to those of the anti-inflammatory drug-sulfasalazine-and antidepressant-amitriptyline. Moreover, pain-related behaviors were substantially reduced. Additionally, BHSST inhibited TRPA1, NaV1.5, and NaV1.7 ion channels associated with IBS-mediated visceral hypersensitivity. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the findings suggest that BHSST has potential beneficial effects on IBS and diarrhea through the modulation of ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Ri Choi
- Department of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min Ji Kwon
- Department of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo-Gyun Choi
- Department of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Chan Kim
- College of Oriental Medicine Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Woo Park
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School of Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea; Department of Gastroenterology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joo Hyun Nam
- Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Kyungju, 38066, Republic of Korea; Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang, 10326, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byung Joo Kim
- Department of Longevity and Biofunctional Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Li B, Wang Y, Yuan X, Liu G, Diao Y, Liu J. 6-Shogaol from Dried Ginger Protects against Intestinal Ischemia/Reperfusion by Inhibiting Cell Apoptosis via the BDNF/TrkB/PI3K/AKT Pathway. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200773. [PMID: 37118920 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (II/R) injury is a common pathological process with high morbidity and mortality. Effective prevention and treatment therapies for II/R are clinically necessary. 6-Shogaol (6-SG), the main active ingredient in dried ginger, behaviors multiple biological activities, including anti-inflammation, antioxidation, and anti-apoptosis. This study aims to elucidate the protective effects and mechanism of 6-SG against II/R-induced injury. METHODS AND RESULTS Sprague-Dawley rats are pre-treated orally with 6-SG and subjected to II/R injury by clamping superior mesenteric artery for 1 h and reperfusion for 2 h. Caco-2 cells are challenged by hypoxia/reoxygenation to mimic II/R in vitro. 6-SG pre-treatment protects against II/R injury by reducing intestinal morphological damage and intestinal barrier injury via inhibiting cell apoptosis. Network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses reveal that 6-SG has a high affinity with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) formed homodimer or heterodimer with NT4 instead of the monomer, and thus the dimer configuration is stabilized, activating BDNF/TrkB/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and inhibiting II/R-induced cell apoptosis. The outcome is further validated both in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSION 6-Shogaol protects against II/R injury by inhibiting cell apoptosis through the BDNF/TrkB/PI3K/AKT pathway. This study offers a new understanding of the protection mechanism of 6-SG against II/R-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
- Dalian Anti-Infective Traditional Chinese Medicine Development Engineering Technology Research Center, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Yunxiang Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Guanting Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Yunpeng Diao
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
- Dalian Anti-Infective Traditional Chinese Medicine Development Engineering Technology Research Center, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
- Dalian Anti-Infective Traditional Chinese Medicine Development Engineering Technology Research Center, Dalian, 116044, China
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4
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Ouyang F, Li B, Wang Y, Xu L, Li D, Li F, Sun-Waterhouse D. Attenuation of Palmitic Acid-Induced Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction by 6-Shogaol in Caco-2 Cells: The Role of MiR-216a-5p/TLR4/NF-κB Axis. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12111028. [PMID: 36355111 PMCID: PMC9692742 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Palmitic acid (PA) can lead to intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction. In this study, the protective effects and working mechanisms of 6-shogaol against PA-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction were investigated in human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), paracellular flux, qRT-PCR, immunofluorescence, and Western blot experiments showed that the 24-h treatment with 400 μM PA damaged intestinal barrier integrity, as evidenced by a reduction of 48% in the TEER value, a 4.1-fold increase in the flux of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran 4000 (FD-4), and decreases in the mRNA and protein expression of tight junction (TJ)-associated proteins (claudin-1, occludin, and ZO-1), compared with the control. The PA treatment significantly (p < 0.05) increased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)) in Caco-2 cells due to the upregulation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), phosphorylated nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) proteins, and downregulation of miR-216a-5p (which directly targeted TLR4). Co-treatment with PA and 6-shogaol (2.5 μM) significantly (p < 0.05) attenuated PA-induced changes through regulation of TJs via the miR-216a-5p/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. This study provides insights into the functions and working mechanisms of 6-shogaol as a promising food-derived agent against PA-induced intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangxin Ouyang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian 271018, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Nursing, Jinan Vocational College of Nursing, 3636 Gangxi Road, Jinan 250102, China
| | - Yuli Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian 271018, China
| | - Longhua Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian 271018, China
| | - Dapeng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian 271018, China
| | - Feng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Taian 271018, China
- Correspondence: (F.L.); (D.S.-W.); Tel.: +86-0538-8246029 (F.L.)
| | - Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Correspondence: (F.L.); (D.S.-W.); Tel.: +86-0538-8246029 (F.L.)
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Liu Y, Liu X, Ye Q, Wang Y, Zhang J, Lin S, Wang G, Yang X, Zhang J, Chen S, Wu N. Fucosylated Chondroitin Sulfate against Parkinson's Disease through Inhibiting Inflammation Induced by Gut Dysbiosis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:13676-13691. [PMID: 36226922 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence for the importance of the gut-brain axis in Parkinson's disease (PD) has attracted researchers' interest in the possible application of microbiota-based treatment approaches. Using a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced mouse model, we looked into the prospect of treating PD with fucosylated chondroitin sulfate obtained from sea cucumbers Isostichopus badionotus (fCS-Ib). We showed that giving fCS-Ib polysaccharide orally greatly reduced the motor deficits, dopamine depletion, and alpha-synuclein increase caused by MPTP in the substantia nigra (SN). It appears that the anti-PD action of fCS-Ib polysaccharide could be attained by squelching inflammation. Glial cell hyperactivation in SN and overproduction of proinflammatory substances in serum could both be suppressed by fCS-Ib polysaccharide injection. The bacterial DNA in fresh colonic feces was submitted to 16S rRNA and untargeted metabolic analyses to confirm the participation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in the aforementioned interpretation. The findings showed that the MPTP treatment-induced decrease in norank_f_Muribaculaceae and the increase in Staphylococcus were reversed by the administration of fCS-Ib polysaccharide. The NF-κB signaling pathway was shown to be involved in the fCS-Ib polysaccharide-induced anti-inflammation. In conclusion, our research demonstrated for the first time how fCS-Ib polysaccharide combats PD by reducing inflammation caused by gut microbial dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xuyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qiantao Ye
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yida Wang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jiafu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Song Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Guang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xuesong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jichun Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shiguo Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Nian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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6
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Angelopoulou E, Paudel YN, Papageorgiou SG, Piperi C. Elucidating the Beneficial Effects of Ginger ( Zingiber officinale Roscoe) in Parkinson's Disease. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2022; 5:838-848. [PMID: 36268117 PMCID: PMC9578130 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.2c00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease (AD), and its pathogenesis remains obscure. Current treatment approaches mainly including levodopa and dopamine agonists provide symptomatic relief but fail to halt disease progression, and they are often accompanied by severe side effects. In this context, natural phytochemicals have received increasing attention as promising preventive or therapeutic candidates for PD, given their multitarget pharmaceutical mechanisms of actions and good safety profile. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Zingiberaceae) is a very popular spice used as a medicinal herb throughout the world since the ancient years, for a wide range of conditions, including nausea, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and cancer. Emerging in vivo and in vitro evidence supports the neuroprotective effects of ginger and its main pharmaceutically active compounds (zingerone, 6-shogaol, and 6-gingerol) in PD, mainly via the regulation of neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, intestinal permeability, dopamine synaptic transmission, and possibly mitochondrial dysfunction. The regulation of several transcription factors and signaling pathways, including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Ak strain transforming (Akt), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC1α) have been shown to contribute to the protective effects of ginger. Herein, we discuss recent findings on the beneficial role of ginger in PD as a preventive agent or potential supplement to current treatment strategies, focusing on potential underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthalia Angelopoulou
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527Athens, Greece
- First
Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Eginition University
Hospital, 15784Athens, Greece
| | - Yam Nath Paudel
- Neuropharmacology
Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Sokratis G. Papageorgiou
- First
Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Eginition University
Hospital, 15784Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Piperi
- Department
of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527Athens, Greece
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7
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Gao Y, Lu Y, Zhang N, Udenigwe CC, Zhang Y, Fu Y. Preparation, pungency and bioactivity of gingerols from ginger ( Zingiber officinale Roscoe): a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:2708-2733. [PMID: 36135317 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2124951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Ginger has been widely used for different purposes, such as condiment, functional food, drugs, and cosmetics. Gingerols, the main pungent component in ginger, possess a variety of bioactivities. To fully understand the significance of gingerols in the food and pharmaceutical industry, this paper first recaps the composition and physiochemical properties of gingerols, and the major extraction and synthesis methods. Furthermore, the pungency and bioactivity of gingerols are reviewed. In addition, the food application of gingerols and future perspectives are discussed. Gingerols, characterized by a 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl moiety, are divided into gingerols, shogaols, paradols, zingerone, gingerdiones and gingerdiols. At present, gingerols are extracted by conventional, innovative, and integrated extraction methods, and synthesized by chemical, biological and in vitro cell synthesis methods. Gingerols can activate transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) and induce signal transduction, thereby exhibiting its pungent properties and bioactivity. By targeted mediation of various cell signaling pathways, gingerols display potential anticancer, antibacterial, blood glucose regulatory, hepato- and renal-protective, gastrointestinal regulatory, nerve regulatory, and cardiovascular protective effects. This review contributes to the application of gingerols as functional ingredients in the food and pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuge Gao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Westa College, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yujia Lu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Na Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
| | - Chibuike C Udenigwe
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Fu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing, China
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8
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Pang M, Peng R, Wang Y, Zhu Y, Wang P, Moussian B, Su Y, Liu X, Ming D. Molecular understanding of the translational models and the therapeutic potential natural products of Parkinson's disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113718. [PMID: 36152409 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease, mostly happened in the elder population and the prevalence gradually increased with age. Parkinson's disease is a movement disorder that severely affects patients' daily life. The mechanism of Parkinson's disease still remains unknown, however, studies already proved that the damage or absence of dopaminergic neurons located in the substantia nigra and the decreased dopamine in the striatum are significantly related to Parkinson's disease. To date, the mainstream treatment of Parkinson's disease has been achieved by alleviating its associated morbid symptoms, such as the use of levodopa, carbidopa, dopamine receptor agonists, monoamine oxidase type B inhibitors, anticholinergic drugs, etc. However, strong side effects, even toxicity, have been reported after using these drugs, with reduced effectiveness over time. Plant compounds have shown good therapeutic effects in neurodegenerative diseases as a less toxic treatment. In this review, we have compiled several natural plant compounds and classified the currently reported compounds for therapeutic use based on their structural parent nuclei and constituent elements. We wish to inspire new ideas for the treatment of Parkinson's disease by summarizing their mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijun Pang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Peng
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Yiwen Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Bernard Moussian
- Animal Genetics, Interfaculty Institute of Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 06903 Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France
| | - Yanfang Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Xiuyun Liu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, 300072 Tianjin, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Precision Instruments and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, 300072, China.
| | - Dong Ming
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, 300072 Tianjin, China.
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9
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Yücel Ç, Karatoprak GŞ, Açıkara ÖB, Akkol EK, Barak TH, Sobarzo-Sánchez E, Aschner M, Shirooie S. Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory therapeutic potential of gingerols and their nanoformulations. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:902551. [PMID: 36133811 PMCID: PMC9483099 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.902551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), a member of the Zingiberaceae family, is one of the most popular spices worldwide, known since ancient times, and used both as a spice and a medicinal plant. The phenolic compounds found in ginger are predominantly gingerols, shogaols, and paradols. Gingerols are the major phenolic compounds found in fresh ginger and contain mainly 6-gingerol as well as 4-, 5-, 8-, 10-, and 12-gingerols. Gingerols possess a wide array of bioactivities, such as antioxidant and anticancer, among others. Regarding the different array of biological activities and published data on the mechanisms underlying its action, the complex interaction between three key events, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and immunity, appears to contribute to a plethora of pharmacological activities of this compound. Among these, the immunomodulatory properties of these compounds, which attract attention due to their effects on the immune system, have been the focus of many studies. Gingerols can alleviate inflammation given their ability to inhibit the activation of protein kinase B (Akt) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways, causing a decrease in proinflammatory and an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines. However, given their low bioavailability, it is necessary to develop new and more effective strategies for treatment with gingerols. In order to overcome this problem, recent studies have addressed new drug delivery systems containing gingerols. In this review, the immunomodulatory activities of gingerol and its underlying mechanisms of action combined with the contributions of developed nanodrug delivery systems to this activity will be examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çiğdem Yücel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | | | | | - Esra Küpeli Akkol
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
- *Correspondence: Esra Küpeli Akkol, ; Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez,
| | - Timur Hakan Barak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación y Postgrado, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Esra Küpeli Akkol, ; Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez,
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Park Avenue Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Samira Shirooie
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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10
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Phenol-Rich Botanicals Modulate Oxidative Stress and Epithelial Integrity in Intestinal Epithelial Cells. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12172188. [PMID: 36077907 PMCID: PMC9454507 DOI: 10.3390/ani12172188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Botanicals are mainly known for their role as antimicrobials and anti-inflammatories. Thus, the dual purpose of the study was to verify the antioxidant potential of the tested botanicals and to evaluate their possible modulation of intestinal barrier integrity. As the effects of various phenol-rich extracts were screened, the human Caco-2 cell line was determined to be most suitable for use as the in vitro model for the intestinal epithelium. The tested botanicals, all approved as feed additives, are ginger essential oil, tea tree oil, grape seed extract, green tea extract, olive extract, chestnut extract, pomegranate extract, thyme essential oil, and capsicum oleoresin. The cells were treated with incremental doses of each botanical, followed by measurements of transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), gene expression of tight junctions (TJs), and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The results showed how different phenol-rich botanicals could modulate barrier functions and oxidative stress in different ways. Interestingly, all the botanicals tested exerted an antioxidant potential by dropping the cytoplasmatic ROS, while the beneficial effect was exerted at different concentrations for each botanical. Our data support the role of plant extracts and essential oils in controlling gut barrier function and in reducing the negative effects of oxidative stress in intestinal epithelial cells, thereby supporting gut barrier functionality.
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Liu P, Jiang C. Brain-targeting drug delivery systems. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1818. [PMID: 35596258 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Brain diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, acute ischemic stroke and brain tumors, have become a major health problem and a huge burden on society with high morbidity and mortality. However, most of the current therapeutic drugs can only relieve the symptoms of brain diseases, and it is difficult to achieve satisfactory therapeutic effects fundamentally. Extensive studies have shown that the therapeutic effects of brain diseases are mainly affected by two factors: the conservation of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the complexity of the brain micro-environment. Brain-targeting drug delivery systems provide new possibilities for overcoming these barriers with versatility. In this review, it provides an overview of BBB alteration and discusses targeting delivery strategies for brain diseases therapy. Furthermore, delivery systems which are designed to modulate the brain micro-environment with synergistic effects were also highlighted. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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12
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Ozkur M, Benlier N, Takan I, Vasileiou C, Georgakilas AG, Pavlopoulou A, Cetin Z, Saygili EI. Ginger for Healthy Ageing: A Systematic Review on Current Evidence of Its Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anticancer Properties. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4748447. [PMID: 35585878 PMCID: PMC9110206 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4748447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The world's population is ageing at an accelerated pace. Ageing is a natural, physiological but highly complex and multifactorial process that all species in the Tree of Life experience over time. Physical and mental disabilities, and age-related diseases, would increase along with the increasing life expectancy. Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is a plant that belongs to the Zingiberaceae family, native to Southeast Asia. For hundreds of years, ginger has been consumed in various ways by the natives of Asian countries, both as culinary and medicinal herb for the treatment of many diseases. Mounting evidence suggests that ginger can promote healthy ageing, reduce morbidity, and prolong healthy lifespan. Ginger, a well-known natural product, has been demonstrated to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial properties, as well as an outstanding antiviral activity due to a high concentration of antiviral compounds. In this review, the current evidence on the potential role of ginger and its active compounds in the prevention of ageing is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehtap Ozkur
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, SANKO University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Necla Benlier
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, SANKO University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Işıl Takan
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Balcova, Izmir 35340, Turkey
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylül University, Balcova, Izmir 35220, Turkey
| | - Christina Vasileiou
- DNA Damage Laboratory, Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, 157 80 Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandros G. Georgakilas
- DNA Damage Laboratory, Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, 157 80 Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasia Pavlopoulou
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Balcova, Izmir 35340, Turkey
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylül University, Balcova, Izmir 35220, Turkey
| | - Zafer Cetin
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, SANKO University, Gaziantep, Turkey
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Graduate Education Institute, SANKO University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Eyup Ilker Saygili
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, SANKO University, Gaziantep, Turkey
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Graduate Education Institute, SANKO University, Gaziantep, Turkey
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Chen J, Xu J, Huang P, Luo Y, Shi Y, Ma P. The potential applications of traditional Chinese medicine in Parkinson's disease: A new opportunity. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112866. [PMID: 35367767 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) presents a common challenge for people all over the world and has become a major research hotspot due to the large population affected by the illness and the difficulty of clinical treatment. The prevalence of PD is increasing every year, the pathogenesis is complex, and the current treatment is ineffective. Therefore, it has become imperative to find effective drugs for PD. With the advantages of low cost, high safety and high biological activity, Chinese medicine has great advantages in the prevention and treatment of PD. This review systematically summarizes the potential of Chinese medicine for the treatment of PD, showing that Chinese medicine can exert anti-PD effects through various pathways, such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways, reducing mitochondrial dysfunction, inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress and iron death, and regulating intestinal flora. These mainly involve HMGB1/TLR4, PI3K/Akt, NLRP3/ caspase-1/IL-1β, Nrf2/HO-1, SIRT1/Akt1, PINK1/parkin, Bcl-2/Bax, BDNF-TrkB and other signaling pathways. In sum, based on modern phytochemistry, pharmacology and genomic proteomics, Chinese medicine is likely to be a potential candidate for PD treatment, which requires more clinical trials to further elucidate its importance in the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxue Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jingke Xu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ping Huang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yining Luo
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yuanshu Shi
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ping Ma
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Su Y, Liu N, Zhang Z, Hao L, Ma J, Yuan Y, Shi M, Liu J, Zhao Z, Zhang Z, Holscher C. Cholecystokinin and glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues regulate intestinal tight junction, inflammation, dopaminergic neurons and α-synuclein accumulation in the colon of two Parkinson's disease mouse models. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 926:175029. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Wang N, Feng BN, Hu B, Cheng YL, Guo YH, Qian H. Neuroprotection of chicoric acid in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease involves gut microbiota and TLR4 signaling pathway. Food Funct 2022; 13:2019-2032. [PMID: 35103734 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02216d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Chicoric acid (CA), a polyphenolic acid obtained from chicory and purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea), has been regarded as a nutraceutical to combat inflammation, viruses and obesity. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder, and the microbiota-gut-brain axis might be the potential mechanism in the pathogenesis and development of PD. The results obtained in this study demonstrated that oral pretreatments of CA significantly prevented the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced motor dysfunctions and death of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons along with the inhibition of glial hyperactivation and the increment in striatal neurotrophins. 16S rRNA sequence results showed that CA significantly reduced MPTP-induced microbial dysbiosis and partially restored the composition of the gut microbiota to normal, including decreased phylum Bacteroidetes and genera Parabacteroide, as well as increased phylum Firmicutes, genera Lactobacillus and Ruminiclostridium. Besides, CA promoted colonic epithelial integrity and restored normal SCFA production. We also observed that proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β in the serum, striatum and colon were reduced by CA, indicating that CA prevented neuroinflammation and gut inflammation, in which the suppression of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway might be the underlying molecular mechanism. These findings demonstrated that CA had neuroprotective effects on MPTP-induced PD mice possibly via modulating the gut microbiota and inhibiting inflammation throughout the brain-gut axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Bai-Nian Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Bin Hu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yu-Liang Cheng
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Ya-Hui Guo
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - He Qian
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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Jeon H, Kim HY, Bae CH, Lee Y, Kim S. Korean Red Ginseng Regulates Intestinal Tight Junction and Inflammation in the Colon of a Parkinson's Disease Mouse Model. J Med Food 2020; 23:1231-1237. [PMID: 33121350 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.4640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have determined that gastrointestinal function contributes to the control of Parkinson's disease (PD). Gastrointestinal dysfunction results in a leaky intestinal barrier, inducing inflammation in the gut. Korean red ginseng (KRG) is widely used for the treatment of numerous afflictions, including inflammation and neurodegenerative disease. We investigated changes in the intestinal tight junctions and proinflammatory cytokines in the colon, and alpha-synuclein (aSyn) in the colon and the substantia nigra (SN) of a PD mouse model. Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally administered 30 mg/kg of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) once a day for 5 days, and orally given 100 mg/kg of KRG for 12 consecutive days. Alterations in the levels of occludin, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in the colon, and the expressions of aSyn and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the colon and the SN were evaluated. Oral administration of KRG significantly prevents the MPTP-induced motor dysfunction, and suppresses the MPTP-induced disruption of occludin and ZO-1, and suppresses the increase in TNF-α and IL-1β in the colon of mice. In addition, KRG prevents accumulation of aSyn and TH in the colon and the SN. These results suggest that KRG has the potential to prevent MPTP-induced leaky gut barrier, inflammation, and accumulation of aSyn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyongjun Jeon
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine; Yangsan, Korea.,Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging; Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Hee-Young Kim
- Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging; Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Bae
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine; Yangsan, Korea.,Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging; Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Yukyoung Lee
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine; Yangsan, Korea.,Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging; Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Seungtae Kim
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine; Yangsan, Korea.,Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging; Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
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