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Zheng M, Niu W, Wang W, Cheng L, Ma T, Park JH. Originality vs. Appropriateness: The Moderating Role of Culture on the Effect of Instructional Focus on Individual and Team Creativities. JOURNAL OF CREATIVE BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jocb.575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zheng
- Pace University
- University of Connecticut
| | | | | | - Li Cheng
- Faculty of Education Beijing Normal University
- Developmental and Educational Research Center for Children's Creativity, FE Beijing Normal University
| | - Tianjiao Ma
- Faculty of Education Beijing Normal University
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Gao R, Huang S, Yao Y, Liu X, Zhou Y, Zhang S, Cai S, Zuo H, Zhan Z, Mo L. Understanding Zhongyong Using a Zhongyong Approach: Re-examining the Non-linear Relationship Between Creativity and the Confucian Doctrine of the Mean. Front Psychol 2022; 13:903411. [PMID: 35783697 PMCID: PMC9240665 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.903411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Zhongyong, a central theme of Confucian thought, refers to the “doctrine of the mean,” or the idea that moderation in all things is the optimal path. Despite considerable interest in the relationship between zhongyong and creativity, especially in China, studies of this relationship have not yielded consistent results. Based on a review of the literature, we hypothesized that this inconsistency arises from the dual nature of zhongyong itself, which has both a positive side, promoting creativity, and a negative side, inhibiting creativity. We also hypothesized that the negative side of zhongyong takes the form of excessive zhongyong. Indeed, the observations that every coin has two sides and that too much of a good thing is as bad as too little are core principles of zhongyong in traditional Chinese culture. To test these hypotheses, we conducted two empirical studies (measuring explicit and implicit zhongyong personality, respectively) to examine the relationships between positive and negative zhongyong and creativity (measured in terms of creative personality, divergent thinking, and convergent thinking). The results of both studies revealed an interaction between positive zhongyong and negative zhongyong, indicating that only a moderate level of zhongyong is conducive to creativity; both deficiency and excess are harmful. We discuss the implications of these results, suggesting that a zhongyong approach can help to clarify non-linear relationships between things, and recommending to re-assess the creativity of Chinese culture from a neutral and objective outlook. This paper deepens understanding of zhongyong and offers clear insights into creativity from an in-depth cultural perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixiang Gao
- Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory of Reading and Development in Children and Adolescents (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shiqi Huang
- School of Human-Environment Studies, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- School of Foreign Studies, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Yao
- Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory of Reading and Development in Children and Adolescents (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqin Liu
- School of Foreign Studies, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yujun Zhou
- School of Information Technology in Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shijia Zhang
- Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory of Reading and Development in Children and Adolescents (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaohua Cai
- Center for Teacher Development, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huang Zuo
- Institution for Teachers' Professional Ethics and Virtues Building (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Huang Zuo
| | - Zehui Zhan
- School of Information Technology in Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Zehui Zhan
| | - Lei Mo
- Philosophy and Social Science Laboratory of Reading and Development in Children and Adolescents (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Lei Mo
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Tam CSY, Phillipson SN, Phillipson S. Culture, Executive Thinking Style, and Knowledge Fixation in the Development of Creativity in Hong Kong. CREATIVITY RESEARCH JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10400419.2022.2057688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Kharkhurin AV, Yagolkovskiy SR. Cultural Variations in Evaluation of Creative Work: A Comparison of Russian and Emirati Samples. Front Psychol 2022; 12:764213. [PMID: 35035368 PMCID: PMC8755637 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.764213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The study investigates how cultural variations influence evaluation of creative work. Russian and Emirati undergraduate college students were asked to judge alien creature drawings produced by their country mates in previous studies’ structured imagination test. We found cultural differences in creativity judgment. Emirati participants’ judgments were significantly lower than Russian participants’ judgments. We also found that Russians judged their compatriots significantly higher than the Emirati judged their compatriots. Russians also judged foreigners significantly lower than the Emirati judged foreigners. These findings were speculatively placed in the context of the cultural differences in the implicit theory of creativity.
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He WJ, Wong WC. Middle School Students From China's Rice Area Show More Adaptive Creativity but Less Innovative and Boundary-Breaking Creativity. Front Psychol 2022; 12:749229. [PMID: 35069329 PMCID: PMC8770825 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.749229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to conduct a cross-cultural comparison of creative thinking among Chinese middle school students from the rice- and wheat-growing areas in China through the lens of the rice theory, which postulates that there are major psychological differences among the individuals in these agricultural regions. Differences in cultural mindsets and creativity between the rice group (n = 336) and the wheat group (n = 347) were identified using the Chinese version of (1) the Auckland Individualism and Collectivism Scale (AICS) and (2) the Test for Creative Thinking-Drawing Production (TCT-DP), respectively. Interesting findings were obtained. The results of latent mean analyses indicate that the rice group showed significantly more collectivism and adaptive creativity than the wheat group but less individualism and innovative and boundary-breaking creativity. However, the two groups showed no significant differences in their overall creative performance, as reflected in the TCT-DP composite score. Moreover, results of hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that collectivism was positively related to adaptive creativity but negatively related to innovative and boundary-breaking creativity; however, a reverse pattern was found for individualism. These findings enrich the discourse regarding the rice theory and shed important light on the effect of culture on creativity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu-jing He
- Department of Special Education and Counselling, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wan-chi Wong
- Department of Educational Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Ivancovsky T, Shamay‐Tsoory S, Lee J, Morio H, Kurman J. A Multifaceted Approach to Measure Creativity across Cultures: The Role of the Centrality of Context in Divergent Thinking Tasks. JOURNAL OF CREATIVE BEHAVIOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jocb.506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Katz-Buonincontro J, Hass R, Kettler T, Tang LM, Hu W. Partial measurement invariance of beliefs about teaching for creativity across U.S. and Chinese educators. BRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 91:563-583. [PMID: 33180977 DOI: 10.1111/bjep.12379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While empirical research on creativity has grown steadily over the past 35 years, teachers' beliefs about creativity and their implicit beliefs about teaching for creativity remains understudied, as well as cross-cultural examination of teacher beliefs in this area. AIMS This study explored the measurement invariance of beliefs about teaching for creativity (creative self-efficacy, fixed creative mindset, growth creative mindset, desirability of creativity for teaching success and value of creativity for student academic and workplace success). SAMPLE American and Chinese educators at two universities were surveyed to rate the degree to which they agreed with statements about beliefs about teaching for creativity (N = 376). METHODS Measurement invariance analysis was used Multiple-Groups Confirmatory Factor Analysis with the lavaan package in the R Statistical Programing Environment. RESULTS Partial measurement invariance was obtained such that a model with factor loadings constrained equal across samples for four of the five constructs (creative self-efficacy, fixed creative mindset, growth creative mindset, desirability of creativity for teaching success), did not worsen model fitness. Additionally, when factor loadings for items on the value of creativity for student academic and workplace success latent variable were allowed to vary across samples, we found evidence of structural invariance. That is, the covariances among the five latent variables were found to be invariant across samples. CONCLUSIONS The major result of this study is that the theoretical structure and relations among five important creative self-constructs is invariant across American and Chinese educational constructs. However, there may be cultural differences in the value of creativity for student academic and workplace success, as perceived by teachers. Future research can focus on calibrating teacher beliefs about teaching for creativity with classroom observation, in American and Chinese educational contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard Hass
- Jefferson (Philadelphia University + Thomas Jefferson University), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Todd Kettler
- Department of Educational Psychology, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Lisa Min Tang
- Institute for Creativity & Innovation, University of Applied Management, Ismaning, Germany
| | - Weiping Hu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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Zhao Y, Yuan Y, Shen W, Zhu C, Liu D. The relationships between bilingual learning, willingness to study abroad and convergent creativity. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7776. [PMID: 31579628 PMCID: PMC6766371 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Convergent creativity is a form of creative thinking that uses existing knowledge or traditional methods to analyze available information and generate an appropriate solution. The differences in the performance of participants in convergent creativity caused by bilingual learning is a popular research area in creativity. A final sample of 68 participants was asked to complete the remote associates test (RAT). The results indicate that a moderate positive correlation exists between bilingual learning and convergent creativity. Students who want to study abroad perform better on the RAT than those who do not, and this effect is mediated by second language proficiency. These findings suggest that improving students' English proficiency and increasing their opportunities to study abroad may be effective ways to promoting convergent creativity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhao
- School of Education, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Special Children's Impairment and Intervention, Nanjing Normal University of Special Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Wangbing Shen
- School of Public Administration and Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuanlin Zhu
- School of Education, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Dianzhi Liu
- School of Education, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Tang M. Fostering Creativity in Intercultural and Interdisciplinary Teams: The VICTORY Model. Front Psychol 2019; 10:2020. [PMID: 31543855 PMCID: PMC6739593 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Teams are pervasive in the history of mankind. Particularly in our fast-growing modern society, teams composed of members from different cultures and disciplines are quite often used at the workplace. Though widely used, the effectiveness of teams is inconsistent. Meta-analyses report a double-edged effect of diversity on creativity and innovation, suggesting that diversity needs to be tactfully managed if we want to leverage the creative potential of teams. The current paper strives to meet this challenge and makes recommendations on how to foster creativity in intercultural and interdisciplinary teams. It discusses the concepts of teams vs. groups and creativity vs. innovation. Drawing upon sociocultural theories of creativity and innovation, particularly literature reviews and meta-analyses, this paper attempts to identify non-cognitive, cognitive and environmental enablers of team creativity. The VICTORY model offers a summary of these enablers, as it focuses on team (T) and synthesizes both non-cognitive (Vision, Openness, Risk-taking, Yes-I-Can Mindset) and cognitive (Ideation, Combination) antecedents of team creativity. Yet it is only through the combination and integration of environmental factors (including communication, collaboration, and support, among others) that the effect of these antecedents can be fully realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Tang
- Institute for Creativity and Innovation, University of Applied Management, Ismaning, Germany
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Yunlu DG, Clapp-Smith R, Shaffer M. Understanding the Role of Cultural Intelligence in Individual Creativity. CREATIVITY RESEARCH JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10400419.2017.1360070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Tang M, Werner C, Cao G, Tumasjan A, Shen J, Shi J, Spörrle M. Creative Expression and Its Evaluation on Work-Related Verbal Tasks: A Comparison of Chinese and German Samples. JOURNAL OF CREATIVE BEHAVIOR 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/jocb.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Tang
- University of Applied Management
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Yoon HJ, Sung SY, Choi JN, Lee K, Kim S. Tangible and Intangible Rewards and Employee Creativity: The Mediating Role of Situational Extrinsic Motivation. CREATIVITY RESEARCH JOURNAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10400419.2015.1088283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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13
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Liu H, Wang FX, Yang XY. More dialectical thinking, less creativity? The relationship between dialectical thinking style and creative personality: the case of China. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122926. [PMID: 25856372 PMCID: PMC4391832 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
People use dialectical thinking to be holistic, reconcile contradictions, and emphasize changes when processing information and managing problems. Using a questionnaire survey, this study examined the relationship between dialectical thinking and creative personality in the Chinese culture, which encourages a holistic and collective thinking style. Undergraduates majoring in different subjects and adults in different professions were surveyed. The results showed that 1) compared with undergraduates majoring in art and adults from the design industry, undergraduates majoring in other disciplines significantly showed the least creative personality; 2) the highest score for dialectical thinking was found in the group of undergraduates who majored in other disciplines, followed by the adult group, and the undergraduates majoring in art had the lowest score; and 3) A negative relationship between dialectical thinking and creative personality was found mostly in the UMA group. The limitations of this study and suggestions for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei-xue Wang
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-yang Yang
- Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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