Synthesis and Antiproliferative Screening of Some Heterocycles Derived from 4-((5-Chloro-3-Methyl-1-Phenyl-1H-Pyrazol-4-yl)Methylene)-2-Phenyloxazol-5(4H)-One

Synthesis, insecticidal Activity, and molecular docking analysis of some benzo[h]quinoline derivatives against Culex pipiens L. Larvae

Some heterocycles bearing a benzo[h]quinoline moiety were synthesized through treating a 3-((2-chlorobenzo[h]quinolin-3-yl)methylene)-5-(p-tolyl)furan-2(3H)-one with four nitrogen nucleophiles comprising ammonium acetate, benzylamine, dodecan-1-amine, and 1,2-diaminoethane. Also, thiation reactions of furanone and pyrrolinone derivatives were investigated. The insecticidal activity of these compounds against mosquito larvae (Culex pipiens L.) was evaluated. All tested compounds exhibited significant larvicidal activity, surpassing that of the conventional insecticide chlorpyrifos. In silico docking analysis revealed that these compounds may act as acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, potentially explaining their larvicidal effect. Additionally, interactions with other neuroreceptors, such as nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and sodium channel voltage-gated alpha subunit were also predicted. The results obtained from this study reflected the potential of benzo[h]quinoline derivatives as promising candidates for developing more effective and sustainable mosquito control strategies. The ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) analyses displayed their desirable drug-likeness and oral bioavailability properties.

Synthesis and in silico studies of certain benzo[f]quinoline-based heterocycles as antitumor agents

A series of benzoquinoline-employing heterocycles was synthesized by treating 3-chlorobenzo[f]quinoline-2-carbaldehyde with N-phenyl-3-methylpyrazolone, 4-aminoacetophenone, 1,2-diaminoethane, and 2-cyanoethanohydrazide. Also, pyridine, chromene, α,β-unsaturated nitrile, thiosemicarbazone, and 1,2-bis-aryl hydrazine derivatives were prepared from the cyanoethanohydrazone obtained. The DFT calculations and experiment outcomes were consistent. In vitro screening of their antiproliferative efficacy was examined against HCT116 and MCF7 cancer cell lines. The pyrazolone 2 and cyanoethanohydrazone 5 derivatives exhibited the most potency, which was demonstrated by their molecular docking towards the CDK-5 enzyme. The binding energies of compounds 2 and 5 were - 6.6320 kcal/mol (with RMSD of 0.9477 Å) and - 6.5696 kcal/mol (with RMSD of 1.4889 Å), respectively, which were near to that of co-crystallized ligand (EFP). This implies a notably strong binding affinity towards the CDK-5 enzyme. Thus, pyrazolone derivative 2 would be considered a promising candidate for further optimization to develop new chemotherapeutic agents. In addition, the ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) analyses displayed its desirable drug-likeness and oral bioavailability properties.

β-Enaminonitrile in the synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophene candidates with DFT simulation, in vitro antiproliferative assessment, molecular docking, and modeling pharmacokinetics

Among sulfur-including heterocycles, the benzothiophene skeleton is one of the worthy structure fragments that exhibit structural similarities with active substrates to develop various potent lead molecules in drug design. Thus, some tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophene candidates were prepared from the β-enaminonitrile scaffold via reactions with diverse carbon-centered electrophilic reagents and supported with DFT studies. The in vitro antiproliferative effect was screened against MCF7 and HePG2 cancer cell lines, and the results displayed the highest potency of imide 5, Schiff base 11, and phthalimido 12 candidates. A molecular docking study was operated to explore the probable binding modes of interaction, and the results revealed the good binding affinity of compounds 5, 11, and 12 toward the tubulin protein (PDB ID 5NM5) with respect to paclitaxel (a tubulin inhibitor) and co-crystallized ligand (GTP). Besides, modeling pharmacokinetics analyses displayed their desirable drug-likeness and bioavailability properties.

Synthesis and Biological Applications of Coumarinyl-Chalcones

Abstract:

This survey provides information on the synthesis and biological applications of coumarinyl-chalcones. Chalcones are unsaturated ketones involving the reactive ketoethylenic group (CO-CH=CH). Chalcones are naturally abundant in many medical plants, including vegetables, fruits, and foods. Natural and synthetic chalcone compounds exhibit a broad spectrum of biological properties like anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-HIV, antioxidant, antimalarial, and antimicrobial. Some conventional, microwave, and grinding techniques have been utilized for the synthesis of chalcones. Noteworthy, the Claisen- Schmidt condensation reaction remains the most popular and effective method for synthesis. It summarizes information about its synthetic methods as building blocks in some reactions like cyclization reactions and medical applications. This review article presents an overview of approaches and biological data for chalcones bearing a coumarin scaffold.

Synthesis and antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiviral activity of some pyrazole-based heterocycles using a 2(3H)-furanone derivative

Some pyrazole-based heterocycles such as pyrrolone, pyridazinone, and imidazole derivatives were synthesized utilizing the pyrazolyl-2(3H )-furanone derivative 3 , which was obtained in a good yield via Perkin condensation of 5-chloro-4-formyl-3-methyl-1-phenylpyrazole with 3-(4-methylbenzoyl)propionic acid in the presence of cyclo-dehydrating agent (sodium acetate and acetic anhydride). Also, the acid hydrazide obtained was reacted with some carbonyl reagents such as acetic anhydride, benzoyl chloride, 4-chlorobenzaldehyde, and 1,3-diphenyl-4-formylpyrazole, aiming to achieve new pyrrolone derivatives. The antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiviral activity screening of some synthesized compounds demonstrated that some of them offered strong potencies. An experimental trial was undertaken to explore the effect of different substances and applied against avian influenza HPAI-H5N1 (AIV) to evaluate the antiviral replication in specific pathogen-free chicken embryos. All the compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activities, and most of tested compounds showed potent inhibition growth activity toward Haemophilus (Gram-negative bacteria), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive bacteria), and Candida albicans fungus. Upon antimicrobial screening, it was observed that the majority of the compounds were found to be active against Staphylococcus aureus , Haemophilus , and Candida albicans as compared to standard drugs. This experiment shows the potential usage of these compounds as antiviral agents and can be considered as a viable means to control the economically important avian influenza of poultry. These compounds can thus be recommended for their antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal property and can very well be used as immunostimulants.