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Mullaivendhan J, Akbar I, Ahamed A, Abdulrahman Alodaini H. Synthesis rifaximin with copper (Rif-Cu) and copper oxide (Rif-CuO) nanoparticles Considerable dye decolorization: An application of aerobic oxidation of eco-friendly sustainable approach. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25285. [PMID: 38370249 PMCID: PMC10867351 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, rifaximin with copper (Cu) and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesised. The resultant CuO nanoparticles were used to degrade Rhodamine B (RhB) and Coomassie Brilliant Blue (G250). Rifaximin copper and copper oxide nanoparticles were characterised using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and gas chromatography-electrochemical mass spectrometry (GC-EI-MS). An FT-IR study confirmed the formation of Cu in the 562 cm-1 peak range. Rifaximin Cu and CuO Nanoparticles displayed UV absorption peaks at 253 nm and 230 nm, respectively. Coomassie Brilliant Blue G250 was completely decolourised in Cu nanoparticles at 100 %, and Rhodamine B was also decolourised in Rifaximin CuO nanoparticles at 73 %, although Coomassie Brilliant Blue G250 Rifaximin Cu nanoparticles absorbed a high percentage of dye decolorization. The aerobic oxidation of isopropanol conversion was confirmed by GC-MS analysis. Retention time of 27.35 and 30.32 was confirmed using Cu and CuO nanoparticles as the final products of 2-propanone. It is used in the textile and pharmaceutical industries for aerobic alcohol oxidation. Rifaximin CuO nanoparticles highly active in aerobic oxidation. The novelty of this study is that, for the first time, rifaximin was used for the synthesis of copper and copper oxide nanoparticles, and it successfully achieved decolorization and aerobic oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janani Mullaivendhan
- Research Department of Chemistry, Nehru Memorial College (Affiliated Bharathidasan University), Puthanampatti, 621007, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Idhayadhulla Akbar
- Research Department of Chemistry, Nehru Memorial College (Affiliated Bharathidasan University), Puthanampatti, 621007, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anis Ahamed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hissah Abdulrahman Alodaini
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Jamdade AB, Sutar DV, Gnanaprakasam B. Synthesis of Macrolactams from Macrolactones Using Ru-/Ir-Catalytic System under Neutral Conditions. Org Lett 2023; 25:9058-9063. [PMID: 38091469 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the Ru-/Ir-catalyzed synthesis of valuable macrolactams from macrolactones and esters. The ring-opening of the macrolactones was efficaciously facilitated by the Ru catalyst to generate 32 amides in the first step. In the second step, intramolecular N-alkylative ring closure of amides with alcohols was succeeded by Ir catalyst to provide a series of 22 macrolactams and gave water as a byproduct. Moreover, this approach proceeded under neutral conditions and avoided the use of external additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash B Jamdade
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411008, India
| | - Dashrat V Sutar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411008, India
| | - Boopathy Gnanaprakasam
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune 411008, India
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3
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Parisse S, Lai Q, Martini F, Martini A, Ferri F, Mischitelli M, Melandro F, Mennini G, Rossi M, Alvaro D, Ginanni Corradini S. Rifaximin Reduces Risk of All-Cause Hospitalization in Cirrhotic Liver Transplant Candidates with Hepatic Encephalopathy. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6871. [PMID: 37959336 PMCID: PMC10647372 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12216871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In cirrhotic patients listed for liver transplantation (LT) with a history of hepatic encephalopathy (HE), rifaximin reduces the number of hospitalizations, but whether it influences the time to first hospitalization is unknown. AIMS to evaluate the time-dependent impact of rifaximin on the risk of all-cause hospitalization and dropout in patients on the LT waiting list. METHODS Consecutive patients listed for LT were retrospectively enrolled. After balancing populations with and without rifaximin treatment using the inverse probability therapy weighting analysis, Fine-Gray multivariable competing risk analyses were run to explore risk factors for the first episode of hospitalization and dropout. RESULTS When comparing 92 patients taking rifaximin to the untreated group of 152, rifaximin treatment was not associated with any of the study outcomes. In the subset of patients with a history of HE at waitlist entry (N = 81 rifaximin-treated and N = 39 untreated), rifaximin intake was independently associated with a lower risk of hospitalization for all causes (SHR 0.638; 95.0% CI 0.418-0.973; p = 0.037) and for HE (SHR 0.379; 95.0% CI 0.207-0.693; p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS cirrhotic LT candidates with a prior history of HE rifaximin treatment are associated with a lower risk of time-dependent all-cause hospitalization, likely due to its unique effect on gut microbiome composition/function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Parisse
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 37, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (F.M.); (A.M.); (F.F.); (M.M.); (D.A.)
| | - Quirino Lai
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy; (Q.L.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Francesca Martini
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 37, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (F.M.); (A.M.); (F.F.); (M.M.); (D.A.)
| | - Alice Martini
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 37, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (F.M.); (A.M.); (F.F.); (M.M.); (D.A.)
| | - Flaminia Ferri
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 37, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (F.M.); (A.M.); (F.F.); (M.M.); (D.A.)
| | - Monica Mischitelli
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 37, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (F.M.); (A.M.); (F.F.); (M.M.); (D.A.)
| | - Fabio Melandro
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy; (Q.L.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Gianluca Mennini
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy; (Q.L.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Massimo Rossi
- General Surgery and Organ Transplantation Unit, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy; (Q.L.); (F.M.); (G.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Domenico Alvaro
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 37, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (F.M.); (A.M.); (F.F.); (M.M.); (D.A.)
| | - Stefano Ginanni Corradini
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Viale dell’Università 37, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (F.M.); (A.M.); (F.F.); (M.M.); (D.A.)
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Salmeri N, Sinagra E, Dolci C, Buzzaccarini G, Sozzi G, Sutera M, Candiani M, Ungaro F, Massimino L, Danese S, Mandarino FV. Microbiota in Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Endometriosis: Birds of a Feather Flock Together-A Review. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2089. [PMID: 37630649 PMCID: PMC10458414 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are chronic conditions affecting up to 10% of the global population, imposing significant burdens on healthcare systems and patient quality of life. Interestingly, around 20% of endometriosis patients also present with symptoms indicative of IBS. The pathogenesis of both these multifactorial conditions remains to be fully elucidated, but connections to gut microbiota are becoming more apparent. Emerging research underscores significant differences in the gut microbiota composition between healthy individuals and those suffering from either endometriosis or IBS. Intestinal dysbiosis appears pivotal in both conditions, exerting an influence via similar mechanisms. It impacts intestinal permeability, triggers inflammatory reactions, and initiates immune responses. Furthermore, it is entwined in a bidirectional relationship with the brain, as part of the gut-brain axis, whereby dysbiosis influences and is influenced by mental health and pain perception. Recent years have witnessed the development of microbiota-focused therapies, such as low FODMAP diets, prebiotics, probiotics, antibiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, designed to tackle dysbiosis and relieve symptoms. While promising, these treatments present inconsistent data, highlighting the need for further research. This review explores the evidence of gut dysbiosis in IBS and endometriosis, underscoring the similar role of microbiota in both conditions. A deeper understanding of this common mechanism may enable enhanced diagnostics and therapeutic advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Salmeri
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (C.D.); (G.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Emanuele Sinagra
- Gastroenterology & Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione Istituto G. Giglio, Contrada Pietra Pollastra Pisciotto, 90015 Cefalù, Italy;
| | - Carolina Dolci
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (C.D.); (G.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Giovanni Buzzaccarini
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (C.D.); (G.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Giulio Sozzi
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, Fondazione Istituto G. Giglio, Contrada Pietra Pollastra Pisciotto, 90015 Cefalù, Italy; (G.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Miriam Sutera
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, Fondazione Istituto G. Giglio, Contrada Pietra Pollastra Pisciotto, 90015 Cefalù, Italy; (G.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Massimo Candiani
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (C.D.); (G.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Federica Ungaro
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (F.U.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (F.V.M.)
| | - Luca Massimino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (F.U.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (F.V.M.)
| | - Silvio Danese
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (F.U.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (F.V.M.)
| | - Francesco Vito Mandarino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy; (F.U.); (L.M.); (S.D.); (F.V.M.)
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A Comparative Study between A Protein Based Amorphous Formulation and Other Dissolution Rate Enhancing Approaches: A Case Study with Rifaximin. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010126. [PMID: 36678757 PMCID: PMC9865404 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) based on proteins as co-formers have previously shown promising potential to improve the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. In particular, whey proteins have shown to be promising co-formers and amorphous stabilizers in ASD formulations, including at high drug loading. In this study, the feasibility of the whey protein β-lactoglobulin (BLG) as a co-former in ASDs was compared to the more traditional ASD co-formers based on synthetic polymers (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate and Eudragit® L) as well as to a nanocrystalline formulation. The poorly water-soluble drug rifaximin (RFX) was chosen as the model drug. All drug/co-former formulations were prepared as fully amorphous ASDs by spray drying at 50% (w/w) drug loading. The BLG-based ASD had the highest glass transition temperature and showed a faster dissolution rate and higher drug solubility in three release media with different pH values (1.2, 4.5, and 6.5) compared to the polymer-based ASDs and the nanocrystalline RFX. In conclusion, BLG is a promising co-former and amorphous stabilizer of RFX in ASD formulations, superior to the selected polymer-based ASD systems or the nanocrystalline formulation.
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Wang X, Bao L, Jiang M, Li D, Xu L, Bai M. Toxic mechanism of the Mongolian medicine "Hunqile-7" based on metabonomics and the metabolism of intestinal flora. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2022; 12:49-61. [PMID: 36866222 PMCID: PMC9972816 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfac081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The traditional Mongolian medicine Hunqile-7 (HQL-7), which is mainly used to relieve pain in clinic, has certain toxicity. Therefore, toxicological investigation of HQL-7 is of great significance to its safety assessment. In this study, the toxic mechanism of HQL-7 was explored based on a combination of metabolomics and intestinal flora metabolism. UHPLC-MS was used to analyze the serum, liver and kidney samples of rats after intragastric administration of HQL-7. The decision tree and K Nearest Neighbor (KNN) model were established based on the bootstrap aggregation (bagging) algorithm to classify the omics data. After samples were extracted from rat feces, the high-throughput sequencing platform was used to analyze the 16s rRNA V3-V4 region of bacteria. The experimental results confirm that the bagging algorithm improved the classification accuracy. The toxic dose, toxic intensity, and toxic target organ of HQL-7 were determined in toxicity tests. Seventeen biomarkers were identified and the metabolism dysregulation of these biomarkers may be responsible for the toxicity of HQL-7 in vivo. Several kinds of bacteria was demonstrated to be closely related to the physiological indices of renal and liver function, indicating liver and kidney damage induced by HQL-7 may be related to the disturbance of these intestinal bacteria. Overall, the toxic mechanism of HQL-7 was revealed in vivo, which not only provides a scientific basis for the safe and rational clinical use of HQL-7, but also opens up a new field of research on big data for Mongolian medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiye Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China,Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products Chemistry and Synthesis for Functional Molecules, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Leer Bao
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Drug Inspection Center, Hohhot 010000, China
| | - Mingyang Jiang
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Dan Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China,Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products Chemistry and Synthesis for Functional Molecules, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
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Teixeira MWS, Dias CVB, Kogawa AC. Status of Physicochemical and Microbiological Analytical Methods of Gatifloxacin: A Review. J AOAC Int 2022; 105:1548-1554. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsac089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Gatifloxacin (GAT), an antimicrobial of the fourth generation of fluoroquinolones, has a broad spectrum of action with activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative, aerobic and anaerobic organisms, including mycobacteria.
Objective
The objective of this review is to discuss about (i) characteristics, (ii) properties, and (iii) analytical methods of gatifloxacin.
Results
Among the methods described in the literature for the evaluation of GAT, the most frequent was HPLC (50%) for both the analysis of pharmaceutical and biological matrixes. GAT has no monograph described in official compendia. Methods for evaluating GAT in pharmaceutical matrixes were the most found in the literature, 79%. Acetonitrile (42%), methanol (20%), and buffer solution (16%) were the most used diluents. GAT, being an antimicrobial, must be analyzed by physical-chemical and microbiological methods, since the evaluation of potency is essential. In this context, the literature is scarce (4%).
Conclusions
There is a gap in the literature for environmentally friendly methods for evaluating GAT. Faster, more optimized and dynamic microbiological methods, as well as physicochemical methods, use less aggressive solvents with fewer steps and less waste. Currently, pharmaceutical analyses require reliable analytical methods, but also safe for both the analyst and the environment.
Highlights
This review shows the status of analytical methods, both physicochemical and microbiological, for the analysis of GAT in pharmaceutical and biological matrixes, also addressing its context in green and sustainable analytical chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Well Silva Teixeira
- Laboratório de Controle de Qualidade, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás—UFG , Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Cleber Vinicios Barbosa Dias
- Laboratório de Nanosistemas e Dispositivos de Liberação Modificada de Fármacos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás—UFG , Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Kogawa
- Laboratório de Controle de Qualidade, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás—UFG , Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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Yu X, Jin Y, Zhou W, Xiao T, Wu Z, Su J, Gao H, Shen P, Zheng B, Luo Q, Li L, Xiao Y. Rifaximin Modulates the Gut Microbiota to Prevent Hepatic Encephalopathy in Liver Cirrhosis Without Impacting the Resistome. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 11:761192. [PMID: 35118004 PMCID: PMC8804384 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.761192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota has an important role in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy(HE). Rifaximin, an intestinal non-absorbable antibacterial agent, is effective in the treatment of HE. However, whether long-term prophylactic use induces antibacterial resistance and its mechanism for treating HE remains unclear. This prospective study assessed the impact of 12 weeks rifaximin administration on the gut microbiota and resistome in cirrhotic patients. Fecal sampling was conducted 1 day before the first rifaximin administration and at Weeks 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 of the study. Thirty cirrhotic patients who were in remission from recurrent HE was enrolled to receive rifaximin (400mg TID for 12 weeks). Rifaximin improved hyperammonemia and cognitive function in the 21 patients who completed rifaximin treatment. The dynamic observations showed the gut microbiota diversity, composition and the number of resistance genes, plasmids, insertion sequences did not change significantly during the period(P>0.05). Metabolic pathways such as aromatic amino acids, tryptophan synthesis, urea cycle, and LPS synthesis reduced. No new antimicrobial resistance genes was emergenced. However, the number of aminoglycosides, rifamycin and phenolic resistance genes increased, whereas tetracycline, fosfomycin and cephamycin decreased (P<0.05). Changes in the abundance of E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and B. longum strains correlated with changes of resistance genes. Prophylactic use of rifaximin for 12 weeks improved hyperammonemia and neurophysiological function, maintained gut microbiota diversity, composition and did not change the overall resistome. Rifaximin altered expression of HE-related metabolic pathways. All of these effects could play a key role in preventing HE. Clinical Trial Registration: ChiCTR1900022234 (registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ye Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wangxiao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongwen Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junwei Su
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hainv Gao
- Department of Infectious Disease, ShuLan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Beiwen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qixia Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yonghong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yonghong Xiao,
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Lalan M, Shah P, Kadam R, Patel H. Amalgam of ternary solid dispersion and P-gp efflux inhibition in development of colon-targeted tablets of rifaximin. JOURNAL OF REPORTS IN PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jrptps.jrptps_21_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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10
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Wang J, Zhang L, Hou X. Efficacy of rifaximin in treating with small intestine bacterial overgrowth: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 15:1385-1399. [PMID: 34767484 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2021.2005579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Over the past decades, rifaximin has been used to treat with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), however, the true efficacy remains unknown. This systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to assess the safety and efficacy of rifaximin in treating with patients with SIBO. METHODS Embase, Pubmed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science were searched from inception to April, 2021 for published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies with or without comparable arms. RESULTS A total of 21 observational studies and 5 RCTs involving 874 patients were included. The overall eradication rate according to intention-to-treat analysis (ITT) was 59% (95% CI: 50 to 69%; I2 = 90.69%) and to per protocol analysis (PP) 63% (95% CI: 53 to 72%; I2 = 90.32%). For 5 RCTs included comparing the efficacy between rifaximin and placebo or active controls, there was no significant difference (n = 203, risk ratio = 1.14, 95%CI: 0.59 to 2.19, P = 0.15, I2 = 38%). Subgroup analysis and meta-regression indicated a dose-dependent eradication rate of rifaximin for SIBO. CONCLUSION Rifaximin is effective and safe in eradicating SIBO, with a dose-dependent efficacy and commonly associated with the improvement of the gastrointestinal symptoms and underlying diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsheng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaohua Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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Kogawa AC, Mendonça JN, Lopes NP, Salgado HRN. Eco-Friendly Pharmaceutical Analysis of Rifaximin in Tablets by HPLC-MS and Microbiological Turbidimetry. J Chromatogr Sci 2021; 59:597-605. [PMID: 33942054 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmab044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Rifaximin, an antimicrobial used for the treatment of various diseases, lacks analytical methods in official compendia for evaluation of the final product. This paper presents an eco-friendly protocol for rifaximin tablets by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). The method was completely validated according to the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines and developed following the concept of Quality by Design. The separation was achieved using a C18 column, purified water +0.1% glacial acetic acid and ethyl alcohol, 52:48 (v/v), as mobile phase, 0.9 mL min-1 at 290 nm and ambient room temperature. Mass spectral analyses were performed using electrospray ionization (ESI) ion source and ion trap mass analyzer. The method was linear over the concentration range of 5-50 μg mL-1. The sample was subjected to acidic, basic, neutral, oxidative and photolytic degradation. Degradation products did not interfere in the quantification of the rifaximin, so the method can be considered indicative of stability. Degradation products were also evaluated individually by microbiological method using Escherichia coli. The validated method could be used promisingly as green analytical strategies for detection and quantification of rifaximin in tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Kogawa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), CEP 14800-903 Campus Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratório de Controle de Qualidade, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, CEP 74605-170 Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline Nakau Mendonça
- Center for Research in Natural and Synthetic Products, Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 14040-903 Ribeirão, Preto, Brazil
| | - Norberto Peporine Lopes
- Center for Research in Natural and Synthetic Products, Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 14040-903 Ribeirão, Preto, Brazil
| | - Hérida Regina Nunes Salgado
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), CEP 14800-903 Campus Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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Kogawa AC, Peltonen L, Salgado HRN, Chorilli M. Short-Stability Study of Rifaximin-Based Samples. J AOAC Int 2021; 103:743-746. [PMID: 33241364 DOI: 10.1093/jaocint/qsz010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rifaximin is an oral antimicrobial with a daily dose ranging from 600 to 800 mg. It is classified as Class IV in the Biopharmaceutic Classification System. Thus, rifaximin-based samples were developed by complexation to β-cyclodextrin using a phase solubility diagram, and malaxation and decreasing particle size using wet milling. OBJECTIVE Concomitant to the pharmaceutical technology, a stability studywas undertaken with the objective of verifying the integrity of the drug. METHODS The stability of the new samples were studied for 6 months, without interruption, under controlled conditions of temperature and humidity in a climatic chamber. They were analyzed simultaneously by HPLC and microbiological turbidimetry at zero, 3, and 6 months. RESULTS Two of the samples follow second reaction order and one follows zero reaction order. Microbiological analysis proved to be important in assessing the potency of rifaximin in one of the samples, and its results were more consistent than the results by HPLC. CONCLUSIONS The rifaximin-based samples were stable under controlled temperature and humidity conditions and the physical-chemical and microbiological methods were able to evaluate their behavior during the 6-month study. HIGHLIGHTS It is worth considering the development of these products, since the design process of formulation and pharmaceutical technology is financially more attractive than the development of new drugs that require high levels of investment in research and development, innovation of public policies, and regulatory actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Kogawa
- Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, Department of Pharmaceutics, Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú km 1, Araraquara, São Paulo, 14800-903, Brazil.,University of Helsinki, Faculty of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Viikinkaari 5 E, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Leena Peltonen
- University of Helsinki, Faculty of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Viikinkaari 5 E, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Hérida Regina Nunes Salgado
- Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, Department of Pharmaceutics, Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú km 1, Araraquara, São Paulo, 14800-903, Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Araraquara, Department of Pharmaceutics, Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú km 1, Araraquara, São Paulo, 14800-903, Brazil
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Manganese dioxide (MnO2)/Fullerene-C60-Modified Electrodes for the Voltammetric Determination of Rifaximin. JOURNAL OF ANALYSIS AND TESTING 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s41664-020-00151-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Ma L, Wang Z, Liu H, Wu C, Ding Y, Wen K. Monoclonal antibody production and the development of a quantitative time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay for rifaximin in milk. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2019.1669538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Licai Ma
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhanhui Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hebing Liu
- Beijing WDWK Biotechnology Company, Ltd., Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Congming Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yafang Ding
- Beijing WDWK Biotechnology Company, Ltd., Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Wen
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Kogawa AC, Van Schepdael A, Salgado HRN. Eco-friendly Evaluation of Rifaximin in Tablets by Capillary Electrophoresis. J Chromatogr Sci 2019; 57:476-483. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmz005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Kogawa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ann Van Schepdael
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hérida Regina Nunes Salgado
- Department of Pharmaceutics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Campus Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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Leung AK, Leung AA, Wong AH, Hon KL. Travelers' Diarrhea: A Clinical Review. RECENT PATENTS ON INFLAMMATION & ALLERGY DRUG DISCOVERY 2019; 13:38-48. [PMID: 31084597 PMCID: PMC6751351 DOI: 10.2174/1872213x13666190514105054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Travelers' diarrhea is the most common travel-related malady. It affects millions of international travelers to developing countries annually and can significantly disrupt travel plans. OBJECTIVE To provide an update on the evaluation, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of traveler's diarrhea. METHODS A PubMed search was completed in Clinical Queries using the key term "traveler's diarrhea". The search strategy included meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, observational studies, and reviews. The search was restricted to English literature. Patents were searched using the key term "traveler's diarrhea" from www.freepatentsonline.com. RESULTS Between 10% and 40% of travelers develop diarrhea. The attack rate is highest for travelers from a developed country who visit a developing country. Children are at particular risk. Travelers' diarrhea is usually acquired through ingestion of food and water contaminated by feces. Most cases are due to a bacterial pathogen, commonly, Escherichia coli, and occur within the first few days after arrival in a foreign country. Dehydration is the most common complication. Pretravel education on hygiene and on the safe selection of food items is important in minimizing episodes. For mild travelers' diarrhea, the use of antibiotic is not recommended. The use of bismuth subsalicylate or loperamide may be considered. For moderate travelers' diarrhea, antibiotics such as fluoroquinolones, azithromycin, and rifaximin may be used. Loperamide may be considered as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy. For severe travelers' diarrhea, antibiotics such as azithromycin, fluoroquinolones, and rifaximin should be used. Azithromycin can be used even for the treatment of dysentery whereas fluoroquinolones and rifaximin cannot be used for such purpose. Recent patents related to the management of travelers' diarrhea are discussed. CONCLUSION Although travelers' diarrhea is usually self-limited, many travelers prefer expedient relief of diarrhea, especially when they are traveling for extended periods by air or ground. Judicious use of an antimotility agent and antimicrobial therapy reduces the duration and severity of diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander K.C. Leung
- Address correspondence to this author at the University of Calgary, Alberta Children’s Hospital, #200, 233 - 16th Avenue NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2M 0H5; Tel: (403) 230 3300; Fax: (403) 230 3322; E-mail:
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Rugani KDS, Kogawa AC, Salgado HRN. Review for Analytical Methods for the Determination of Sodium Cephalothin. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2018; 49:187-194. [PMID: 30518240 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2018.1506697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Infections are the second leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, therefore it is highly important to study the antimicrobial agents such as cephalosporins. Cephalothin, an antimicrobial agent that belongs to the class of cephalosporins, has bactericidal activity and it is widely used in the Brazilian health system. In literature, some analytical methods are found for the identification and quantification of this drug, which are essential for its quality control, which ensures maintaining the product characteristics, therapeutic efficacy and patient's safety. The aim of this article is to review the available information on analytical methods for cephalothin. Thus, this study presents a literature review on cephalothin and the analytical methods developed for the analysis of this drug in official and scientific papers. It is essential to note that most of the developed methods used toxic and hazardous solvents, which makes necessary industries and researchers choose to develop environmental-friendly techniques, which will contribute to the harmonization of science, human, and environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen de Souza Rugani
- a School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Kogawa
- a School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , São Paulo State University (UNESP) , Araraquara , São Paulo , Brazil
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