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Arráez-Aybar LA, Biasutto S, Amer MAR, García-Mata R, Bueno-López JL. Latin American Anatomists' views on human body dissection and donation. Ann Anat 2023; 246:152037. [PMID: 36436719 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2022.152037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies abound regarding the medical students' views on the importance of anatomy and the dissection of human bodies, but little is known about the views of Latin American Anatomists. METHODS A survey was carried out to test several hypotheses among anatomists of the Americas about how they perceive their professional identity, the use and role of dissection in their undergraduate courses, and the approval degree of bequeathing their body for anatomical teaching/research; another goal was ascertaining to what extent their attitude on these topics depended on gender, length of teaching experience and belief in the afterlife. RESULTS One hundred and forty-five anatomists from thirteen Latin American and Caribbean Countries took the survey; 79% stated the main role of an anatomist is teaching; 34% recorded their undergraduate students dissected human cadavers as part of their anatomy lab course-undergraduates dissecting less in the less experienced anatomists' courses (p = 0.0002). Most anatomists said dissection was a training tool for undergraduate students, a tool for developing professional skills, and a tool to help control emotions-most experienced anatomists stood out from the rest saying dissection is only to teach anatomy (p < 0.001), even if such response was the least valued by them among all replies. Men differed from women in valuing dissection as a tool to help control emotions (p = 0.006); less experienced anatomists held the opposite (p < 0.0001). Approval of a close doctor-patient relationship diverged, being different between the most and the least experienced anatomists (p = 0.01). Anatomists said they would donate only their organs (44%), whole body (9%) and both organs and body (46%). Undecided anatomists about the belief in life after death were the least in favor of donation (p = 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis-A Arráez-Aybar
- Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Susana Biasutto
- Chair of Normal Anatomy. Faculty of Medical Sciences, National University of Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Mariano A R Amer
- Chair of Anatomy, School of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - José L Bueno-López
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine and Nursing, The University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Biscay, Spain
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Bongiovanni T, Rawlings JE, Trompeta JA, Nunez-Smith M. Cultural influences on willingness to donate organs among urban native Americans. Clin Transplant 2020; 34:e13804. [PMID: 31999875 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.13804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The need for organ donation is substantial among Native Americans, driven by the disproportionate burden of ESRD. Due to the dearth of knowledge about willingness to donate (WTD) among urban Native Americans, a group that represents over half of the US Native population, we aimed to examine factors affecting donation. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey of a convenience sample, using a questionnaire developed specifically for this study using community-based participatory research. The questionnaire was designed to be culturally relevant to the Native community, based on questions from three previously validated instruments and developed through one-on-one interviews. We performed logistic regression to associate survey answers with WTD. RESULTS Seventy percent of our 183 respondents stated that they would be willing to have their organs donated after death; however, only 41% were already registered as an organ donor on their driver's license. Logistic regression analysis found specific items in domains of trust of the medical community and spirituality most closely associated with WTD. Sixty-two percent of Native Americans surveyed reported they would not donate organs because they distrust the medical community. DISCUSSION Our findings suggest multiple areas of focus for increasing organ donation within this subset of the diverse Native community. Efforts to promote donation should be aimed at building trust in the medical community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasce Bongiovanni
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California.,Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholars Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - Joyce A Trompeta
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California
| | - Marcella Nunez-Smith
- Department of Internal Medicine, Equity Research and Innovation Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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Ginossar T, Benavidez J, Gillooly ZD, Kanwal Attreya A, Nguyen H, Bentley J. Ethnic/Racial, Religious, and Demographic Predictors of Organ Donor Registration Status Among Young Adults in the Southwestern United States. Prog Transplant 2016; 27:16-22. [DOI: 10.1177/1526924816665367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Context and Setting: New Mexico (NM) is a minority–majority state. Despite its unique cultural characteristics and documented ethnic/racial disparities in deceased organ donation (DOD), past studies did not explore predictors of organ donor registration status (ODRS) in this state. Objectives: This study aimed at identifying demographic, cultural, and religious predictors of ODRS among a diverse sample of young adults in NM. Design: This study focused on recruitment of American Indian, Hispanic, and Asian American participants through online social network sites and university listservs. Participants (N = 602) answered an online survey. The largest racial/ethnic group included American Indians (n = 200). Main outcome measures included ODRS, demographics, religious affiliation, and open-ended question on reasons for objections to DOD. Results: Race/ethnicity, religion, and educational attainment were significant predictors of ODRS. Non-Hispanic whites (NHWs) were most likely to be registered as donors, with no significant difference between NHWs and Asians or Pacific Islanders. Non-Catholic Christians were most likely to be registered donors, followed by Catholics, practitioners of American Indian/Native American traditional religions, and Hindus, with Buddhists the least likely to register. This pattern was consistent with the propensity of individuals from these religious groups to cite religious objections to DOD. Finally, respondents who had graduated from high schools in NM were 2.3 times less likely to be registered as organ donors compared to those who had graduated in other states. Conclusion: This study provides evidence for the need for culturally tailored interventions targeting diverse communities in NM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Ginossar
- Department of Communication and Journalism & the BAMD Program, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Julian Benavidez
- School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Isleta Pueblo, NM, USA
| | - Zachary D. Gillooly
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Aarti Kanwal Attreya
- General Family Medicine Residency Program, Tulane University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Hieu Nguyen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Joshua Bentley
- Department of Strategic Communication, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA
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Anatomists’ views on human body dissection and donation: An international survey. Ann Anat 2014; 196:376-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Bortz AP, Ashkenazi T, Melnikov S. Spirituality as a Predictive Factor for Signing an Organ Donor Card. J Nurs Scholarsh 2014; 47:25-33. [DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anat Peles Bortz
- Lecturer, Department of Nursing; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Tamar Ashkenazi
- Director, National Organ Donation and Transplantation Center; Ministry of Health Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Semyon Melnikov
- Lecturer, Department of Nursing; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv Israel
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Resnicow K, Andrews AM, Zhang N, Chapman R, Beach DK, Langford AT, Goodwin N, Magee JC. Development of a scale to measure African American attitudes toward organ donation. J Health Psychol 2011; 17:389-98. [PMID: 21859798 DOI: 10.1177/1359105311412836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
African American attitudes toward organ donation differ from other racial and ethnic groups. However, existing measures of organ donation attitudes do not adequately address ethnic identity and cultural factors. We examined the psychometric properties of a new 18-item organ donation scale among 1225 members of 21 African American churches in Southeast Michigan. We identified three factors: (1) Barriers; (2) Family/Race Benefits; and (3) Altruism. More positive donation attitudes on each subscale were observed for individuals who reported being enrolled as a donor. Among individuals not enrolled, higher scores were observed on scales two and three for those with stronger intentions to enroll.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Resnicow
- University of Michigan, School of Public Health, 109 Observatory, Room 3867 SPH I, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
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Albright CL, Wong LL, Dela Cruz MR, Sagayadoro T. Choosing to be a designated organ donor on their first driver's license: actions, opinions, intentions, and barriers of Asian American and Pacific Islander adolescents in Hawaii. Prog Transplant 2011. [PMID: 21265293 DOI: 10.7182/prtr.20.4.g071t3ku521632n2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The factors associated with Asian American and Pacific Islander adolescents' decision to be a designated organ donor on their first driver's license are largely unknown. OBJECTIVE To assess knowledge and attitudes about organ donation and sociocultural factors associated with designated organ donor status in Asian American and Pacific Islander youth in Hawaii. DESIGN AND SETTING Written surveys and focus groups were conducted at high schools and churches. PARTICIPANTS Two hundred eight Asian American and Pacific Islander teens, mean age 16 (SD, 2) years, 52.6% females, and 53.4% Catholic. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Donor status on driver's license, awareness, attitudes, intentions, and barriers to becoming a designated organ donor. RESULTS Eighteen percent of teens with a driver's license are designated organ donors. Twenty-one percent have talked to their parents about becoming a designated donor on their license. Of those without a license, 27.7% intended to become a designated donor. Sex, grade level, and immigrant status were not associated with designated organ donor status; however, Catholics were significantly less likely to be donors. Key barriers to being a designated donor included a lack of knowledge or misperceptions due to urban myths about organ donation, parents completing "organ donor" question on driver's license application, and not wanting to have their body "cut up." CONCLUSIONS Future organ donor campaigns should educate ethnic minority adolescents about the importance of becoming a designated organ donor on their first driver's license and counter urban myths about deceased organ donation. Guidelines for how to initiate family discussions about organ donation should be sensitive to cultural and religious beliefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl L Albright
- Prevention and Control Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu 96813, USA.
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Vincent DE, Anker AE, Feeley TH. Religion and the decision to donate organs: Exploring the potential role of religious leaders. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY & APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/casp.1076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Albright CL, Wong LL, Cruz MRD, Sagayadoro T. Choosing to Be a Designated Organ Donor on Their First Driver's License: Actions, Opinions, Intentions, and Barriers of Asian American and Pacific Islander Adolescents in Hawaii. Prog Transplant 2010; 20:392-400. [DOI: 10.1177/152692481002000413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Context The factors associated with Asian American and Pacific Islander adolescents' decision to be a designated organ donor on their first driver's license are largely unknown. Objective To assess knowledge and attitudes about organ donation and socio-cultural factors associated with designated organ donor status in Asian American and Pacific Islander youth in Hawaii. Design and Setting Written surveys and focus groups were conducted at high schools and churches. Participants Two hundred eight Asian American and Pacific Islander teens, mean age 16 (SD, 2) years, 52.6% females, and 53.4% Catholic. Main Outcome Measures Donor status on driver's license, awareness, attitudes, intentions, and barriers to becoming a designated organ donor. Results Eighteen percent of teens with a driver's license are designated organ donors. Twenty-one percent have talked to their parents about becoming a designated donor on their license. Of those without a license, 27.7% intended to become a designated donor. Sex, grade level, and immigrant status were not associated with designated organ donor status; however, Catholics were significantly less likely to be donors. Key barriers to being a designated donor included a lack of knowledge or misperceptions due to urban myths about organ donation, parents completing “organ donor” question on driver's license application, and not wanting to have their body “cut up.” Conclusions Future organ donor campaigns should educate ethnic minority adolescents about the importance of becoming a designated organ donor on their first driver's license and counter urban myths about deceased organ donation. Guidelines for how to initiate family discussions about organ donation should be sensitive to cultural and religious beliefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl L. Albright
- Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii (CLA, LLW, MRDC), Organ Donor Center of Hawaii (TS), Honolulu
| | - Linda L. Wong
- Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii (CLA, LLW, MRDC), Organ Donor Center of Hawaii (TS), Honolulu
| | - May Rose Dela Cruz
- Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii (CLA, LLW, MRDC), Organ Donor Center of Hawaii (TS), Honolulu
| | - Tony Sagayadoro
- Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii (CLA, LLW, MRDC), Organ Donor Center of Hawaii (TS), Honolulu
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Wong KA, Cárdenas V, Shiu-Thornton S, Spigner C, Allen MD. How do communities want their information? Designing educational outreach on organ donation for Asian Americans. Prog Transplant 2009. [PMID: 19341062 DOI: 10.7182/prtr.19.1.a224927075875286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Support of organ donation among Asian Americans has been limited, but lack of access to information and prevalence of misinformation are 2 barriers that might be counteracted by public education. OBJECTIVE To solicit advice from 4 Asian American communities on the design of a culturally appropriate educational campaign on organ donation and transplantation. DESIGN AND SETTING Cross-sectional, multilingual survey administered at community festivals and supermarkets. PARTICIPANTS 201 Asian American respondents. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The components of an effective public education outreach campaign on organ donation were defined for 4 Asian American communities. RESULTS Media venues ranked highest for information dissemination on organ donation/transplantation were, in descending order, mainstream television, ethnic newspapers, mainstream newspapers, and ethnic television. Most respondents preferred a spokesperson of Asian American descent, but opinions differed by ethnicity as to whether an effective spokesperson needed to be of the same Asian ethnicity as the respondents. Respondents were further divided by ethnicity on their preference for a locally or nationally well-known spokesperson. The most compelling scenario to promote organ donation was an Asian American waiting for a transplant, followed by an organ donor family or individual, and, last, a transplant recipient. Different advertisements for organ donation appealed to different Asian ethnic groups. CONCLUSIONS Community-based research gives communities the opportunity to collaborate with health professionals in designing health education programs that target their own populations. Because key aspects influencing campaign efficacy can vary by ethnicity, these important differences need to be taken into account in outreach planning.
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Wong KA, Cárdenas V, Shiu-Thornton S, Spigner C, Allen MD. How Do Communities Want Their Information? Designing Educational Outreach on Organ Donation for Asian Americans. Prog Transplant 2009; 19:44-52. [DOI: 10.1177/152692480901900106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Context Support of organ donation among Asian Americans has been limited, but lack of access to information and prevalence of misinformation are 2 barriers that might be counteracted by public education. Objective To solicit advice from 4 Asian American communities on the design of a culturally appropriate educational campaign on organ donation and transplantation. Design and Setting Cross-sectional, multilingual survey administered at community festivals and supermarkets. Participants 201 Asian American respondents. Main Outcome Measures The components of an effective public education outreach campaign on organ donation were defined for 4 Asian American communities. Results Media venues ranked highest for information dissemination on organ donation/transplantation were, in descending order, mainstream television, ethnic newspapers, mainstream newspapers, and ethnic television. Most respondents preferred a spokesperson of Asian American descent, but opinions differed by ethnicity as to whether an effective spokesperson needed to be of the same Asian ethnicity as the respondents. Respondents were further divided by ethnicity on their preference for a locally or nationally well-known spokesperson. The most compelling scenario to promote organ donation was an Asian American waiting for a transplant, followed by an organ donor family or individual, and, last, a transplant recipient. Different advertisements for organ donation appealed to different Asian ethnic groups. Conclusions Community-based research gives communities the opportunity to collaborate with health professionals in designing health education programs that target their own populations. Because key aspects influencing campaign efficacy can vary by ethnicity, these important differences need to be taken into account in outreach planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine A. Wong
- University of California, Berkeley (KAW), PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative, Bethesda, Maryland (VC), International District Housing Alliance, Seattle, Washington (SS-T), University of Washington, Seattle (CS), Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington (MDA)
| | - Vicky Cárdenas
- University of California, Berkeley (KAW), PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative, Bethesda, Maryland (VC), International District Housing Alliance, Seattle, Washington (SS-T), University of Washington, Seattle (CS), Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington (MDA)
| | - Sharyne Shiu-Thornton
- University of California, Berkeley (KAW), PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative, Bethesda, Maryland (VC), International District Housing Alliance, Seattle, Washington (SS-T), University of Washington, Seattle (CS), Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington (MDA)
| | - Clarence Spigner
- University of California, Berkeley (KAW), PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative, Bethesda, Maryland (VC), International District Housing Alliance, Seattle, Washington (SS-T), University of Washington, Seattle (CS), Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington (MDA)
| | - Margaret D. Allen
- University of California, Berkeley (KAW), PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative, Bethesda, Maryland (VC), International District Housing Alliance, Seattle, Washington (SS-T), University of Washington, Seattle (CS), Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, Washington (MDA)
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