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Struwe H, Droste J, Dhar D, Davari MD, Kirschning A. Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of a New Germacrene Derivative Named Germacrene F. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300599. [PMID: 37910783 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The new farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) derivative with a shifted olefinic double bond from C6-C7 to C7-C8 is accepted and converted by the sesquiterpene cyclases protoilludene synthase (Omp7) as well as viridiflorene synthase (Tps32). In both cases, a so far unknown germacrene derivative was found to be formed, which we name "germacrene F". Both cases are examples in which a modification around the central olefinic double bond in FPP leads to a change in the mode of initial cyclization (from 1→11 to 1→10). For Omp7 a rationale for this behaviour was found by carrying out molecular docking studies. Temperature-dependent NMR experiments, accompanied by NOE studies, show that germacrene F adopts a preferred mirror-symmetric conformation with both methyl groups oriented in the same directions in the cyclodecane ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Struwe
- Organic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Schneiderberg 1B, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jörn Droste
- Organic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Schneiderberg 1B, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dipendu Dhar
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Mehdi D Davari
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Andreas Kirschning
- Organic Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, Schneiderberg 1B, 30167, Hannover, Germany
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2
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Mahanta BP, Bora PK, Kemprai P, Borah G, Lal M, Haldar S. Thermolabile essential oils, aromas and flavours: Degradation pathways, effect of thermal processing and alteration of sensory quality. Food Res Int 2021; 145:110404. [PMID: 34112407 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Plant-based aroma chemicals, constituting the essential oils play a great role as the natural flavours and preservatives in the food industries. Many of these metabolites are susceptible to degradation under heat (i.e. thermolabile aroma chemicals) which may influence the organoleptic properties of the end-products e.g. essential oil, oleoresin, dry herb, tea and packaged juice. The current review identified in total 42 thermolabile aroma and/or flavour molecules belonging to monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids and phenolics. The probable pathway of their degradation and its promoting conditions were also described. Degradation pathways were categorized into five major classes including oxidation, C-C bond cleavage, elimination, hydrolysis and rearrangement. Numerous evidences were cited in support of the thermosensitivity of these phytochemicals under pyrolytic, thermal heating or gas chromatographic conditions. Various post-harvest processes involved in the manufacturing such as drying and distillation of the crops or thermal treatment of the food-products for storage were highlighted as the root cause of degradation. The influence of thermolabile aroma chemicals to maintain the sensory quality of the end-products such as citrus juices, floral oils and thermally cooked foods was discussed in detail. In the present article, detailed insight into the chemical and sensory aspects of thermosensitive aromas and flavours was provided, covering the period from 1990 up to 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Protim Mahanta
- Agrotechnology and Rural Development Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, Assam 785006, India; AcSIR-Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Pranjit Kumar Bora
- Agrotechnology and Rural Development Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, Assam 785006, India; AcSIR-Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Phirose Kemprai
- Agrotechnology and Rural Development Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, Assam 785006, India; AcSIR-Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Gitasree Borah
- Agrotechnology and Rural Development Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, Assam 785006, India; AcSIR-Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Mohan Lal
- Agrotechnology and Rural Development Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, Assam 785006, India; AcSIR-Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Saikat Haldar
- Agrotechnology and Rural Development Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, Assam 785006, India; AcSIR-Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India.
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3
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Uehara A, Baldovini N. Volatile constituents of yuzu (
Citrus junos
Sieb.
ex
Tanaka) peel oil: A review. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Uehara
- Institut de Chimie de Nice Université Côte d’Azur Nice France
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González-Mas MC, Rambla JL, López-Gresa MP, Blázquez MA, Granell A. Volatile Compounds in Citrus Essential Oils: A Comprehensive Review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:12. [PMID: 30804951 PMCID: PMC6370709 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The essential oil fraction obtained from the rind of Citrus spp. is rich in chemical compounds of interest for the food and perfume industries, and therefore has been extensively studied during the last decades. In this manuscript, we provide a comprehensive review of the volatile composition of this oil fraction and rind extracts for the 10 most studied Citrus species: C. sinensis (sweet orange), C. reticulata (mandarin), C. paradisi (grapefruit), C. grandis (pummelo), C. limon (lemon), C. medica (citron), C. aurantifolia (lime), C. aurantium (bitter orange), C. bergamia (bergamot orange), and C. junos (yuzu). Forty-nine volatile organic compounds have been reported in all 10 species, most of them terpenoid (90%), although about half of the volatile compounds identified in Citrus peel are non-terpenoid. Over 400 volatiles of different chemical nature have been exclusively described in only one of these species and some of them could be useful as species biomarkers. A hierarchical cluster analysis based on volatile composition arranges these Citrus species in three clusters which essentially mirrors those obtained with genetic information. The first cluster is comprised by C. reticulata, C. grandis, C. sinensis, C. paradisi and C. aurantium, and is mainly characterized by the presence of a larger abundance of non-terpenoid ester and aldehyde compounds than in the other species reviewed. The second cluster is comprised by C. junos, C. medica, C. aurantifolia, and C. bergamia, and is characterized by the prevalence of mono- and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. Finally, C. limon shows a particular volatile profile with some sulfur monoterpenoids and non-terpenoid esters and aldehydes as part of its main differential peculiarities. A systematic description of the rind volatile composition in each of the species is provided together with a general comparison with those in leaves and blossoms. Additionally, the most widely used techniques for the extraction and analysis of volatile Citrus compounds are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Carmen González-Mas
- Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - José L. Rambla
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – Universidad Politécnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - M. Pilar López-Gresa
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – Universidad Politécnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - M. Amparo Blázquez
- Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Granell
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas – Universidad Politécnica de València, Valencia, Spain
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Zoccali M, Bonaccorsi IL, Tranchida PQ, Dugo P, Mondello L, Dugo G. Analysis of the sesquiterpene fraction ofcitrusessential oils by using the off-line combination of high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-based methods: a comparative study. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.3262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariosimone Zoccali
- ‘Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute’ Department; University of Messina; viale Annunziata 98168 - Messina Italy
| | - Ivana L. Bonaccorsi
- ‘Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute’ Department; University of Messina; viale Annunziata 98168 - Messina Italy
| | - Peter Q. Tranchida
- ‘Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute’ Department; University of Messina; viale Annunziata 98168 - Messina Italy
| | - Paola Dugo
- ‘Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute’ Department; University of Messina; viale Annunziata 98168 - Messina Italy
- University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome; Via Álvaro del Portillo 21 - 00128 Rome Italy
- Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o ‘Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute” Department; University of Messina; viale Annunziata 98168 - Messina Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- ‘Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute’ Department; University of Messina; viale Annunziata 98168 - Messina Italy
- University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome; Via Álvaro del Portillo 21 - 00128 Rome Italy
- Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o ‘Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute” Department; University of Messina; viale Annunziata 98168 - Messina Italy
| | - Giovanni Dugo
- ‘Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute’ Department; University of Messina; viale Annunziata 98168 - Messina Italy
- Chromaleont s.r.l., c/o ‘Scienze del Farmaco e Prodotti per la Salute” Department; University of Messina; viale Annunziata 98168 - Messina Italy
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Dugo G, Bonaccorsi I, Sciarrone D, Costa R, Dugo P, Mondello L, Santi L, Fakhry HA. Characterization of Oils from the Fruits, Leaves and Flowers of the Bitter Orange Tree. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2011.9700446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Dugo
- a Dipartimento Farmaco-chimico , Università di Messina , V.le Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Ivana Bonaccorsi
- a Dipartimento Farmaco-chimico , Università di Messina , V.le Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Danilo Sciarrone
- a Dipartimento Farmaco-chimico , Università di Messina , V.le Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Rosaria Costa
- a Dipartimento Farmaco-chimico , Università di Messina , V.le Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Paola Dugo
- a Dipartimento Farmaco-chimico , Università di Messina , V.le Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- a Dipartimento Farmaco-chimico , Università di Messina , V.le Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy
| | - Luca Santi
- b Dipartimento di Biologia , Università di Roma Tor Vergata , Rome, Italy
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Bonaccorsi I, Dugo P, Mondello L, Sciarrone D, Dugo G, Haro-Guzman L. Analytical Characterization of Industrial Essential Oils from Fruits and Leaves ofC. aurantifoliaTan. andC. latifoliaSwing. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2011.9700486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Shimizu Y, Imayoshi Y, Kato M, Maeda K, Iwabuchi H, Shimomura K. New eudesmane-type sesquiterpenoids and other volatile constituents from the roots of Gynura bicolor DC. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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9
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Bonaccorsi I, Dugo P, Trozzi A, Cotroneo A, Dugo G. Characterization of Mandarin ( Citrus deliciosa Ten.) Essential Oil. Determination of Volatiles, Non-Volatiles, Physico-Chemical Indices and Enantiomeric Ratios. Nat Prod Commun 2009. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0900401128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An investigation of 27 samples of mandarin essential oils (Citrus deliciosa Tenore), industrially produced in Sicily during the 2007-2008 season, was performed to determine the composition of the volatile fraction by GC/FID and GC/MS-LRI, the enantiomeric distribution of some monoterpene hydrocarbons and linalol by Es-GC, the non-volatile oxygen heterocyclic components by RP-HPLC/PDA and the physicochemical indices (relative density, refractive index, optical rotation, residue on evaporation, and UV spectroscopic CD value). This study up-dates the information available in the literature on Sicilian mandarin (C. deliciosa Ten.) essential oils, and provides information on the composition and quality parameters for the evaluation of this product.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paola Dugo
- Dipartimento Farmaco-chimico, Università di Messina, Italy
- Campus Biomedico, Roma, Italy
| | | | | | - Giovanni Dugo
- Dipartimento Farmaco-chimico, Università di Messina, Italy
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10
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Shimizu Y, Imayoshi Y, Kato M, Maeda K, Iwabuchi H, Shimomura K. Volatiles from leaves of field-grown plants and shoot cultures ofGynura bicolorDC. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.1938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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11
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Feger W, Brandauer H, Ziegler H. Analytical Investigation of Murcott (Honey) Tangerine Peel Oil. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2003. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2003.9712097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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12
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Feger W, Brandauer H, Ziegler H. Analytical Investigation of Sweetie Peel Oil. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2001. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2001.9712221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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13
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Current awareness in flavour and fragrance. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.1082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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