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Essid R, Kefi S, Damergi B, Abid G, Fares N, Jallouli S, Tabbene O, Limam F. Ballota hirsuta essential oil as a potential multitarget agent against Leishmania parasite: in vitro and in silico studies. Int Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s10123-024-00567-x. [PMID: 39215892 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00567-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
In the present study, we assessed the antioxidant and antileishmanial potential from fresh leaves of Ballota (B.) hirsuta essential oil (EO). The GC-MS analysis of B. hirsuta EO revealed that spathulenol and germacrene D were the main components accounting for 26.03% and 19.64% of the total EO, respectively. B. hirsuta EO possesses moderate antioxidant activity, both in neutralizing DPPH radicals and in inhibiting β-carotene bleaching. In addition, it exhibits both high antileishmanial activity and selectivity towards the promastigote and amastigote forms. Specifically, B. hirsuta EO showed an IC50 value of 20.78 µg/mL and 23.62 µg/mL, against the promastigote and amastigote forms of L. infantum, respectively. It also demonstrated an IC50 value of 22.39 and 25.76 µg/mL, against the promastigote and amastigote forms of L. major, respectively. However, it exhibited moderate cytotoxicity, with a selectivity index below 10. The investigation of the molecular mechanism of action revealed that B. hirsuta EO inhibited only the sterol pathway, including CYP51 gene expression. Additionally, in silico analysis indicated that the main compounds of B. hirsuta EO, germacrene and spathulenol, exhibited excellent affinity energy against Leishmania enzymes trypanothione reductase (TryR) and trypanothione synthase (TryS). This denotes the potential of these compounds as promising agents to control leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rym Essid
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center in Borj-Cedria Technopole, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia.
- University of Tunis-El Manar, Campus Universitaire Farhat Hached, BP-94 Rommana, 1068, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Sarra Kefi
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center in Borj-Cedria Technopole, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
- University of Tunis-El Manar, Campus Universitaire Farhat Hached, BP-94 Rommana, 1068, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Bilel Damergi
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center in Borj-Cedria Technopole, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Ghassen Abid
- Laboratory of Legumes and Sustainable Agro-Systems, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Nadia Fares
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center in Borj-Cedria Technopole, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Selim Jallouli
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center in Borj-Cedria Technopole, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Tabbene
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center in Borj-Cedria Technopole, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Ferid Limam
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Biotechnology Center in Borj-Cedria Technopole, BP 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
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Afshari M, Rahimmalek M, Sabzalian MR, Szumny A, Matkowski A, Jezierska-Domaradzka A. Mycorrhizal Colonization Modulates the Essential Oil Profile and Enzymatic and Non-Enzymatic Antioxidants to Mitigate the Adverse Effects of Water Deficit in Salvia subg. Perovskia. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11121757. [PMID: 36552267 PMCID: PMC9774834 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Among traditional Iranian herbs, Perovskia species (a subgenus of Salvia), while being valued ornamentals, are also studied for numerous potential pharmacological and therapeutic aspects. The current study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of two species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), Funneliformis mosseae and Rhizophagus intraradices, separately and in combination, in terms of the essential oil content and compositions along with the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in Salvia abrotanoides and S. yangii in response to three levels of irrigation, including 100% FC as well-watered, 75% FC (moderate irrigation deficit), and 50% FC (severe irrigation deficit). In both species, essential oil content, enzyme antioxidant activities, total phenolics, and flavonoids were increased significantly with the severity of stress; this increase was more pronounced in mycorrhizal inoculated herbs. Furthermore, leaf phosphorus concentration, relative water content, chlorophylls a and b, and total carotenoids decreased in parallel with reducing soil moisture; albeit, AMF inoculation improved the stress symptoms under increasing severity of water restriction compared with their control conditions. In addition, the percentage of root colonization was positively correlated with the relative water content (RWC) and leaf phosphorus concentration. Taking into account the essential oil groups, AMF colonization elevated some essential oil components, such as oxygenated monoterpenes, 1,8-cineol, camphor, and borneol, whereas the main sesquiterpenes, including E-β-caryophyllene and α-humulene, remarkably decreased. Taken together, these findings highlighted the role of symbiosis with AMFs in increasing the tolerance of water deficit stress in S. abrotanoides and S. yangii and improving their essential oil composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahvash Afshari
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rahimmalek
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (A.M.); Tel.: +48-71-784-04-98 (A.M.)
| | - Mohammed R. Sabzalian
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Antoni Szumny
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Adam Matkowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, and Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (A.M.); Tel.: +48-71-784-04-98 (A.M.)
| | - Anna Jezierska-Domaradzka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, and Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
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Hamedi A, Bayat M, Asemani Y, Amirghofran Z. A review of potential anti-cancer properties of some selected medicinal plants grown in Iran. J Herb Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2022.100557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Ghavam M. In vitro biological potential of the essential oil of some aromatic species used in Iranian traditional medicine. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:855-874. [PMID: 35322321 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-00934-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study is to evaluate the chemical compounds, the anti-bacterial/fungal activity, and the cytotoxicity of the essential oil of three species of lamiaceae in Iran. After the extraction of the essential oil implementing the hydrodistillation method, the analysis and identification of the compounds were carried out with a chromatograph coupled with a mass spectrometer. For the evaluation of the anti-bacterial/fungal activity of the essential oils, the measurement of the diameter of inhibition halo, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), bactericidal and fungicidal concentrations (MBC/MFC) were utilized; and for the evaluation of the cytotoxic activity of the essential oils, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method was used. The results show that the dominant compounds in the Perovskia abrotanoides Kar essential oil were camphor (21.68%), 1,8-cineole (14.26%), and α-pinene (7.23%); moreover, the dominant compounds in the Salvia reuteriana Boiss. Essential oil were benzyl benzoate (27.10%), linalool (13.27%), and sclareol (7.75%); in addition, the dominant compounds in the Ziziphora clinopodioides subsp. rigida (Boiss.) Rech.f. were cyclofenchene (25.29%), pulegone (14.14%), and menthol (7.70%). The largest halo diameter of inhibition halo (~ 22 mm) was against Streptococcus pyogenes and the strongest inhibiting and killing activity was against Candida albicans (MIC and MFC = 125 μg/mL) shown by the S. reuteriana essential oil which, respectively, matched the control antibiotics rifampin and nystatin. The analysis of the MTT test results showed that the Z. clinopodioides subsp. rigida essential oil (with IC50 value of ~ 144.2500) had the strongest cytotoxic activity against human ovarian cancer cells (OVCAR-3). On the whole, the results show that the essential oil of the Lamiaceae family plants is a source for various compounds with potential biological activities which can serve as a possible alternative to produce herbal medicine which are effective on some microorganisms and cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansureh Ghavam
- Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran.
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Tomou EM, Barda C, Skaltsa H. Genus Stachys: A Review of Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Bioactivity. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 7:E63. [PMID: 33003416 PMCID: PMC7601302 DOI: 10.3390/medicines7100063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The present review highlights that Stachys spp. consist an important source of bioactive phytochemicals and exemplifies the uncharted territory of this genus for new research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Helen Skaltsa
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (E.-M.T.); (C.B.)
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Sadeghi Z, Alizadeh Z, Khorrami F, Norouzi S, Moridi Farimani M. Insecticidal activity of the essential oil of Perovskia artemisioides Boiss. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:5929-5933. [PMID: 32845190 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1803311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This work reports the phytochemical profile and insecticidal properties of Perovskia artemisioides Boiss essential oil (PAEO) collected in Baluchestan, Iran. Totally, twenty-six substances were identified with 1,8-cineole (25.81%), geranyl acetate (13.00%) and linalool (10.21%) as dominant chemical metabolites by GC-MS analysis. PAEO possessed fumigant toxicity against various growth stages of Phthorimaea operculella. P. operculella adults showed considerable sensitivity (LC50 = 0.58 µL/L air) in comparison to eggs (LC50 = 5.87 µL/L air) and neonate larvae (LC50 = 1.23 µL/L air). Finally, molecular docking of major components of PAEO was performed against detoxification enzymes, including cytochrome P450 and glutathione S-transferase activities. Humulene, β-caryophyllene, and α-cadinol exhibited the most interactions with the P450 and GST. It can be concluded that PAEO has the potential for development into natural insecticides for the control of storage pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sadeghi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Alizadeh
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Samira Norouzi
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Moridi Farimani
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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Mirsadeghi S, Koudehi MF, Rajabi HR, Pourmortazavi SM. Green and Simple Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles by Aqueous Extract of Perovskia abrotanoides: Characterization, Optimization and Antimicrobial Activity. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2019; 21:1129-1137. [PMID: 31258080 DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666190618121218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herein, we report the biosynthesis procedure to prepare silver nanoparticles as reduction and capping agents with the aqueous plant extract of Perovskia abrotanoides. METHODS The therapeutic application of silver nanoparticles entirely depends on the size and shape of the nanoparticles therefore, their control during the synthesis procedure is so important. The effects of synthesis factors, for example, silver ion concentration, the mass of plant extract, reaction time and extraction temperature, on the size of silver particles were considered and optimized. Several analytical methods were used for the characterization of silver NPs including FT-IR and UV-Vis spectrophotometer, XRD and SEM. RESULTS The results showed that the mean size of the silver particles was about 51 nm. Moreover, the antibacterial properties of biosynthesized silver NPs were investigated by the minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration, and Well-diffusion tests. The minimum inhibitory concentration/ minimum bactericidal concentration values of silver NPs and aqueous plant extract versus Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli) were 3.03/0.00, 1.20/0.01, 3.06/0.00, 0.98/1.04, 1.00/0.05 and 1.30/0.03 (mg/mL), respectively. CONCLUSION The antimicrobial activity study displayed that the synthesized silver nanoparticles by plant extract have better antimicrobial properties compared to aqueous plant extract of Perovskia abrotanoides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Mirsadeghi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 1411713137, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh F Koudehi
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid R Rajabi
- Chemistry Department, Yasouj University, Yasouj 75918-74831, Iran
| | - Seied M Pourmortazavi
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Morteza-Semnani K, Ghanbarimasir Z. A review on traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of the genus Ballota. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 233:197-217. [PMID: 30639057 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Ballota L. (Lamiaceae) comprises 33 to 35 species distributed mainly in temperate and subtropical regions of the world. Some species have been used in folk medicine as antiemetic, antispasmodic, sedative agents, vermifuge, antihemorrhoid and also in treatment of cough, etc. AIM OF THIS REVIEW: This review article aims to provide organized information on the available traditional uses, phytochemical and pharmacological studies of the genus Ballota, and to obtain new insights for further researches. MATERIALS AND METHODS Electronic databases, including Web of Science, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, and Springer Link were used as information sources. General web searches were carried out using Google and Yahoo search engines by applying related search terms. Additional information was derived from books and journals in English, Latin and Persian, and also Ph.D. theses and M.Sc. dissertations. RESULTS Terpenoids (particularly furanolabdane diterpenoids) and flavonoids were the main phytochemical classes identified in the extracts of Ballota species. Furanolabdane diterpenoids, e.g. ballonigrin, dehydrohispanolone, and hispanolone were reported in many species of Ballota. β-Caryophyllene, caryophyllene oxide, and germacrene D were found as the most common major compounds isolated from the essential oils of the genus Ballota. Sixty-four pharmacological studies conducted on cell lines, microorganisms, and animals were included in this review. Some species of Ballota exhibited various pharmacological activities, including promising antidepressant, anxiolytic, sedative-hypnotic, and antitussive activities in animal models. The pharmacological activities can be attributed to bioactive phytochemicals. CONCLUSION The genus Ballota is a valuable source of bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential in different diseases. Some pharmacological studies showed incomplete methodologies and ambiguous findings. Thus, the research designs of pharmacological studies based on traditional uses of Ballota species are strongly needed in cell lines and animal models. More in vitro and in vivo animal studies are required to confirm the safety, clarification of the effective doses, bioactive compounds, and the mechanisms of actions before future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katayoun Morteza-Semnani
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Zahra Ghanbarimasir
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Đorđević AS, Jovanović OP, Zlatković BK, Stojanović GS. Chemical Composition of Ballota macedonica Vandas and Ballota nigra L. ssp. foetida (Vis.) Hayek Essential Oils - The Chemotaxonomic Approach. Chem Biodivers 2016; 13:782-8. [PMID: 27144646 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201500254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The essential oils isolated from fresh aerial parts of Ballota macedonica (two populations) and Ballota nigra ssp. foetida were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Eighty five components were identified in total; 60 components in B. macedonica oil (population from the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia), 34 components in B. macedonica oil (population from the Republic of Serbia), and 33 components in the oil of B. nigra ssp. foetida accounting for 93.9%, 98.4%, and 95.8% of the total oils, respectively. The most abundant components in B. macedonica oils were carotol (13.7 - 52.1%), germacrene D (8.6 - 24.6%), and (E)-caryophyllene (6.5 - 16.5%), while B. nigra ssp. foetida oil was dominated by (E)-phytol (56.9%), germacrene D (10.0%), and (E)-caryophyllene (4.7%). Multivariate statistical analyses (agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis) were used to compare and discuss relationships among Ballota species examined so far based on their volatile profiles. The chemical compositions of B. macedonica essential oils are reported for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra S Đorđević
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000, Niš, Serbia
| | - Olga P Jovanović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000, Niš, Serbia
| | - Bojan K Zlatković
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000, Niš, Serbia
| | - Gordana S Stojanović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Niš, Višegradska 33, 18000, Niš, Serbia
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Karami A, Dehghan-Mashtani N. Composition of the essential oil of Stachys benthamiana Boiss. from the south of Iran. Nat Prod Res 2015; 29:1473-6. [PMID: 25605295 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.1003185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) obtained from the aerial parts of Stachys benthamiana Boiss. was analysed by using GC and GC/MS. Thirty-three components were identified in the oil. β-Bisabolene (19.2%), humulene epoxide II (10.7%), epi-α-bisabolol (7.2%), (E)-γ-bisabolene (6.9%), n-decanal (6.8%) and caryophyllene oxide (6.6%), were the main compounds in the EOs. This is the first report on the different chemical compositions of S. benthamiana EOs from the south of Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Karami
- a Department of Horticultural Science , College of Agriculture, Shiraz University , Shiraz , Iran
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Jiang ZY, Huang CG, Xiong HB, Tian K, Liu WX, Hu QF, Wang HB, Yang GY, Huang XZ. Perovskatone A: a novel C23 terpenoid from Perovskia atriplicifolia. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Masoudi S, Rustaiyan A, Mohebat R, Mosslemin MH. Composition of the Essential Oils and Antibacterial Activities of Hymenocrater yazdianus, Stachys obtusicrena and Nepeta asterotricha Three Labiatae Herbs Growing Wild in Iran. Nat Prod Commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1200700138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Water-distilled essential oils from leaves of Hymenocrater yazdianus Rech.f., flowers of Stachys obtusicrena Boiss., and stems and flowers of Nepeta asterotricha Rech.f, which are endemic to Iran, were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Fifty-five components of the leaf oil of H. yazdianus were characterized, representing 95.1% of the total components detected. The major constituents were identified as 1,8-cineole (17.6%), β-caryophyllene (13.9%), α-pinene (10.6%) and caryophyllene oxide (10.4%). Germacrene-D (37.5%) and α-bisabolol (23.5%) were the main components among the twenty constituents characterized in the flower oil of S. obtusicrena, representing 90.8% of the total components detected. Thirty-five compounds representing 93.0% of the stem oil of N. asterotrica were identified among which terpinen-4-ol (22.8%) and γ-terpinene (14.1%) were the major ones. The flower oil of the species was characterized by higher amounts of terpinen-4-ol (24.8%), 4aα, 7aβ-nepetalactone (18.2%) and 1,8-cineole (11.6%) among the thirty-three components comprising 98.5% of the total oil detected. The antibacterial activity of the stem, leaf and flower oils of Hymenocrater yazdianus, Stachys obtusicrena and Nepeta asterotricha against seven Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were determined using the MIC method. The growth inhibitory zone (mm) was also measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Masoudi
- Department of Chemistry, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolhossein Rustaiyan
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box. 14515-775, Tehran, Iran
| | - Razieh Mohebat
- Department of Chemistry, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran
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Hassanzadeh MK, Emami SA, Asili J, Najaran ZT. Review of the Essential Oil Composition of Iranian Lamiaceae+. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2011.9700429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Jamzad M, Akbari MT, Rustaiyan A, Masoudi S, Azad L. Chemical Composition of Essential Oils of ThreeStachysSpecies Growing Wild in Iran:Stachys asterocalyxRech. f.,Stachys obtusicrenaBoiss. andStachys multicaulisBenth. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2009.9700123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Radulović N, Lazarević J, Ristić N, Palić R. Chemotaxonomic significance of the volatiles in the genus Stachys (Lamiaceae): Essential oil composition of four Balkan Stachys species. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2006.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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