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El-Sayed AM, Abd Allah OA, El-Saghier AMM, Mohamed SK. Synthesis and Reactions of Five-Membered Heterocycles Using Phase Transfer Catalyst (PTC) Techniques. J CHEM-NY 2014; 2014:1-47. [DOI: 10.1155/2014/163074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Phase transfer catalysts (PTCs) have been widely used for the synthesis of organic compounds particularly in both liquid-liquid and solid-liquid heterogeneous reaction mixtures. They are known to accelerate reaction rates by facilitating formation of interphase transfer of species and making reactions between reagents in two immiscible phases possible. Application of PTC instead of traditional technologies for industrial processes of organic synthesis provides substantial benefits for the environment. On the basis of numerous reports it is evident that phase-transfer catalysis is the most efficient way for generation and reactions of many active intermediates. In this review we report various uses of PTC in syntheses and reactions of five-membered heterocycles compounds and their multifused rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. El-Sayed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | - Omyma A. Abd Allah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | | | - Shaaban K. Mohamed
- Chemistry and Environmental Division, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia 61519, Egypt
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El-sayed AM, Khodairy A. SYNTHESIS OF NEW FUSED AND SPIRO HETEROCYCLES DERIVED FROM 4-AMINO-5-MERCAPTO-3-TRIFLUOROMETHYL-1,2,4-TRIAZOLE. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10426509808036972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. M. El-sayed
- a Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science , Sohag, Egypt
| | - A. Khodairy
- a Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science , Sohag, Egypt
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