Controlling Chemical Hazards During the Application of Artificial Fingernails

Occupational asthma caused by sculptured nails containing methacrylates

BACKGROUND

In recent decades, the use of artificial nails including methacrylates (MAs) has increased. This study presents the first two clinical cases of occupational asthma (OA) caused by sculptured nails containing MAs.

METHODS

In both cases, OA was diagnosed on the basis of a work simulation test combined with the patient's history of occupational exposure and respiratory symptoms.

RESULTS

Both patients developed work-related respiratory symptoms 4-5 years before the current examinations. Previously, the first patient (a 30-year-old female) was diagnosed as having allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to MAs; the second patient (a 27-year-old female) had no skin symptoms. In both cases, a dual asthmatic reaction was observed in the bronchial provocation test, in which the patients simulated their work using their own products including MAs.

CONCLUSIONS

Sculptured nails containing MAs can induce OA in nail technicians. Products not containing MAs should be used to prevent OA and ACD. If MAs are used, they should be handled with appropriate safety measures.

Nail Cosmetics

Nail cosmetics are used worldwide by millions of women who desire attractive, adorned nails. Smooth, shiny fingernails and toenails are highly desirable and an entire industry is devoted to achieving that end for the consumer. The grooming and decoration of nails is a well-ingrained cultural ritual in many countries of the world. In the United States alone, US dollars 6.4 billion was spent on nail salon services in the year 2004.