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Saleem B, Islam M, Ahmed A, Saeed H, Imtiaz F, Muzaffar S. Bioassay-guided isolation and in silico study of antihyperlipidemic compounds from Onosma hispidum Wall. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:8009-8023. [PMID: 37548653 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2242503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Isolation of bioactive compounds from plants and their therapeutic evaluation is crucial in the pursuit of novel phytochemicals and contributes an indispensable role in drug discovery and design. The literature has documented the hypolipidemic effect of numerous Onosma species. Taking that into consideration, the current study was designed to isolate, purify and evaluate the antihyperlipidemic potential of leaves of Onosma hispidum Wall. For the first time, the bioassay-guided isolation led to the separation of 3 compounds that were identified by spectroscopic techniques as o-phthalic acid bis-(2-ethyl decyl)-ester (1), bis (2-ethyloctyl) phthalate (2), and 1,2 benzenedicarboxylic acid bis(2-methyl heptyl) ester (3). Lipase inhibition assay was utilized to scrutinize the antihyperlipidemic potential of methanolic extract fractions and subsequently isolated compounds. Further, the isolated compounds were employed for in silico studies via molecular docking, molecular mechanics with generalized born and surface area solvation (MM-GBSA), and MD simulations with Pancreatic Lipase Colipase (PDB ID: 1LPB). Molecular docking and MM-GBSA of isolated compounds were employed to explain the mode of binding between the protein-ligand complex and binding free energy calculation, respectively. Since compound (3) displayed the best docking score of -6.689 kcal/mol as compared to orlistat -5.529 kcal/mol with PDB: 1LPB. So, it was chosen for MD simulations to evaluate ligand stability and flexibility of the complex which was validated by the fluctuation of α-carbon chain, root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation (RMSF), and type of interactions involved which authenticated the in vitro lipase inhibitory potential. Overall, in silico and in vitro results validated that compound (3) could be exploited as a promising pancreatic lipase inhibitor.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Saleem
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Islam
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abrar Ahmed
- Section of Phamarcognosy, Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hamid Saeed
- Section of Pharmaceutics, Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fariha Imtiaz
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sana Muzaffar
- Section of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
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Ullah Wazir N, Amir Khan I, Javed A, Khan T, Jabbar A. Onosma hispidum L. extract reverses hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and associated vascular dysfunction in rats. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103712. [PMID: 37405138 PMCID: PMC10316005 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Onosma hispidum.L (O. hispidum) belongs to the family Boregineacea. A preliminary study and its medicinal use suggested its role in the management of hyperlipidemia. The present study aimed to assess the effect of methanolic root extract of O. hispidum in hyperlipidemia and associated vascular dysfunction. Oral administration of O. hispidum crude extract (Oh. Cr) to tyloxopol and high fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic Sprague-Dawley rats for 10 and 28 days significantly reduced total triglycerides and cholesterol (p < 0.001), compared to hyperlipidemic rats. Oh. Cr 250 mg/kg orally treated rats significantly (p < 0.001) reduced both the total body weight and atherogenic index in tylaxopol and HFD rats. In HMG-CoA assay, the inhibition of the enzyme was significant in Oh.Cr (250 mg/kg) treated group. Histopathological studies indicated that the group treated with Oh.Cr 250 mg/kg/day showed regular morphology of aortic intima, media and adventitia, and improved the endothelial damage. To investigate the vascular dysfunction, isolated rat aorta rings from all groups were pre-contracted with 1 µM phenylephrine (PE), and the effect of acetylcholine (Ach) was monitored. In the aorta isolated from Oh.Cr (50 mg/kg) treated group, Ach completely relaxed the PE-induced contraction with EC50 value of 0.05 µg/mL 0.015 (0.01-0.2) compared to the hyperlipidemic control group (<30% relaxation). In atorvastatin (10 mg/kg) treated rat aorta, Ach showed 50% relaxation. The Oh.Cr extract also reduced (105.92 ± 1.14 to 66.63 ± 0.85 mmHg) mean arterial pressure in hyperlipidemic hypertensive rats. These findings suggest that extract of O. hispidum is an effective remedy for hypercholesterolemia, and hypertriglyceridemia, which acts through inhibition of HMG-CoA and improving vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Abdul Jabbar
- Corresponding author at: Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus 22060, Pakistan.
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Kumar A, Attri S, Kaur S, Tuli HS, Saini RV, Saini AK, Kumar M, Kaur S. Onosma L. as a source of anticancer agents: phytochemistry to mechanistic insight. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2022; 3:719-733. [PMID: 36338520 PMCID: PMC9630327 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2022.00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Onosma (O.) is a genus of perennial flowering plants in the family Boraginaceae with approximately 250 species widely dispersed in temperate, tropical, and subtropical areas. It is traditionally used to treat rheumatism, fever, asthma, stomach irritation, and inflammatory ailments. The bioactive constituents present in the genus O. include benzoquinones, naphthazarins, alkaloids, phenolic, naphthoquinones, and flavonoids whereas shikonins and onosmins are the most significant. The review compiled contemporary research on O. L., including its distribution, morphology, traditional applications, phytochemistry, ethnopharmacology, and toxicology. This review also highlights a few critical challenges and possible future directions for O. L. research. Modern research has demonstrated a wide range of pharmacological effects of different species of O. L., including anti-diabetic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and cardiovascular protective. However, the studies on the O. genus are still not fully explored, therefore, researchers need to discover novel products with their toxicity studies, molecular mechanism, and associated side effects. Future exploration of potent constituents from this genus and clinical trials are required to explore its pharmacological importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143001, India
| | - Shivani Attri
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143001, India
| | - Sandeep Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143001, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana 133207, India
| | - Reena V. Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana 133207, India
| | - Adesh Kumar Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana 133207, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Sadopur-Ambala 221304, India
| | - Satwinderjeet Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143001, India
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Nazir S, Ahmad MK, Ali F, Zubair-Ul-Nazir, Showkat Ahmad Ganie. Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial potential of Onosma hispidium and Alcea rosea. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2022. [DOI: 10.51248/.v42i1.766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and Aim: Medicinal plants are widely used in traditional medicine to cure various infectious diseases in human. The medicinal herbs like Onosma hispidium and Alcea rosea have been traditionally used for the variety of clinical disorders like jaundice, Diabetes, malaria, rheumatism and have been used as laxative, anthelmintic, disorder of blood, disease of eyes, bronchitis, abdominal pain, antibacterial and as wound healer. The present study was undertaken to investigate the antibacterial potential of aqueous, ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts of Onosma hispidium and Alcea rosea, a traditionally used medicinal plants with multiple therapeutic properties.
Materials and Methods: The susceptibility of microbial strains to the plant extracts was determined using agar well diffusion method. The bacterial strains employed were Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris and Escherichia coli. Phytochemical screening was performed using standard methods.
Results: A dose dependent increase in the antibacterial activity was observed with both the methanol, ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts. Among the plants screened, in Onosma hispidium the highest antibacterial activity was exhibited by aqueous extract with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (25±1.88) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (22 ± 0.22 mm) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (20.21±1.01) at the concentration of 100 mg/ml respectively. while in case of Alcea rosea, the ethyl acetate extract exhibited the highest antibacterial activity with Escherichia coli (28±1.56) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (25 ± 01.58 mm) Klebsiella pneumoniae (18±0.74) and Proteus vulgaris (13±0.12) at the concentration of 100 mg/ml respectively. Phytochemical analysis revealed the plants are rich in various secondary metabolites like alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids and volatile oils.
Conclusion: The plants contain novel compounds with broad spectrum antibacterial properties. The isolation and characterization of these novel compounds could lead to the development of effective therapeutic antimicrobials to fight pathogenic infections.
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Aksoy H, Sen A, Sancar M, Sekerler T, Akakin D, Bitis L, Uras F, Kultur S, Izzettin FV. Ethanol extract of Cotinus coggygria leaves accelerates wound healing process in diabetic rats. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:2732-2736. [PMID: 27180800 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1181660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cotinus coggygria Scop. (Anacardiaceae) leaves that were used as wound healing in traditional Balkan and Anatolian folk medicine, could be potentially effective in treating diabetic wounds. OBJECTIVE This study investigates biochemical and histological effects of ethanol extract of C. coggygria (CCE) on excision wound model in diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted on diabetic Wistar albino rats, which were injected by a single dose (50 mg/kg i.p.) streptozotocin. Afterward an excision wound model was created in all animals; diabetic control rats were applied topically simple ointment and diabetic treatment rats were applied topically 5% (w/w) ointment with CC, once a day during the experimental period. Malondialdehyde, glutathione and hydroxyproline levels in wound tissues were investigated at the end of 3rd, 7th, and 14th days. Histopathological examination was also performed. RESULTS Hydroxyproline content was significantly increased in the CCE treated group versus control after the 3rd and 7th days (15.33 versus 11.83; 19.67 versus 15.67 mg/g, p < 0.05; respectively). A statistically significant elevation in glutathione at the end of 3rd, 7th, and 14th days (5.13 versus 1.58, p < 0.05; 4.72 versus 1.88, p < 0.05; 3.83 versus 1.88 μmol/g, p < 0.05, respectively) and a statistically significant decrease in malondialdehyde level at the end of 7th day (4.49 versus 1.48 nmol/g, p < 0.05) were determined in the treated group versus control group. These results were also supported by histological analyses. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION These findings indicate that CCE accelerated the cutaneous wound healing process in diabetic wounds, in confirmation of its traditional use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halil Aksoy
- a Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Marmara University , İstanbul , Turkey
| | - Ali Sen
- b Department of Pharmacognosy , Marmara University , İstanbul , Turkey
| | - Mesut Sancar
- c Department of Clinical Pharmacy , Marmara University , İstanbul , Turkey
| | - Turgut Sekerler
- a Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Marmara University , İstanbul , Turkey
| | - Dilek Akakin
- d Department of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine , Marmara University , İstanbul , Turkey
| | - Leyla Bitis
- b Department of Pharmacognosy , Marmara University , İstanbul , Turkey
| | - Fikriye Uras
- a Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Marmara University , İstanbul , Turkey
| | - Sukran Kultur
- e Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy , Istanbul University , Istanbul , Turkey
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