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Nunes de Melo M, Alberto Lira Soares L, Raquel da Costa Porto C, Antunes de Araújo A, das Graças Almeida M, Pereira de Souza T, Petrovick PR, Fernandes de Araújo R, Guerra GCB. Spray-dried extract of Phyllanthus niruri
L. reduces mucosal damage in rats with intestinal inflammation. J Pharm Pharmacol 2015; 67:1107-18. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Phyllanthus niruri L. belongs to the Euphorbiaceae, and is known by the common name of ‘stonebreaker’ in Brazil. Some species within the Phyllanthus genus are widely used in traditional medicine to counteract different types of anti-inflammatory diseases.
Objectives
In this study, the preventive intestinal anti-inflammatory activity of spray-dried extract of P. niruri (SDEPn) was tested in the model of acetic acid (10%)-induced ulcerative colitis in the rat.
Methods
Colitis animals were given orally at doses 25, 100 and 200 mg/kg. Colons tissue was analysed by macroscopic score, by histopathology score, by the immunohistochemical examination of tumour necrosis factor alpha, p53 and interferon gamma; by spectroscopic ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV/VIS) analysis of the levels of myeloperoxidase, malonaldehyde and total glutathione.
Key Findings/Result
Pretreatment of the extract to colitic rats significantly attenuated colonic macroscopic damage induced by acetic acid (P < 0.01). Spray-dried extract of P. niruri prevented glutathione depletion (P < 0.001) and malondialdehyde levels (P < 0.05) declined. Spray-dried extract of P. niruri significantly reduced microscopic damage to tissues, such as leukocyte infiltration accompanied by a significant reduction in myeloperoxidase activity (P < 0.5). Immunohistochemistry revealed a decline in the TNF-α, IFN-γ and p53 protein (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Spray-dried extract of P. niruri has a beneficial effect in the acute phase of acetic acid-induced colitis in the rat, which is probably related to its antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Aurigena Antunes de Araújo
- Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | | | | - Pedro Ros Petrovick
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Raimundo Fernandes de Araújo
- Health Science, Functional and Structural Biology, Departament of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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