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Nasimi Shad A, Akhlaghipour I, Babazadeh Baghan A, Askari VR, Baradaran Rahimi V. Caffeic acid and its derivative caffeic acid phenethyl ester as potential therapeutic compounds for cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2400240. [PMID: 39008886 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202400240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) contribute to major public health issues. Some studies have found that caffeic acid (CA) and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) may effectively prevent or treat CVDs. However, there is a major need to sum up our current understanding of the possible beneficial or detrimental effects of CA and CAPE on CVDs and related mechanisms. Therefore, this study aimed to summarize the data on this topic. A methodical search was carried out on key databases, including Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science, from the beginning to June 2024. Studies were then assessed for eligibility based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Treatment with CA and CAPE significantly and positively affected cardiovascular health in various aspects, including atherosclerotic diseases, myocardial infarction, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, and hypercoagulation state. Several mechanisms were proposed to mediate these effects, including transcription factors and signaling pathways associated with antioxidant, cytostatic, and anti-inflammatory processes. CA and CAPE were found to have several beneficial effects via multiple mechanisms during the prevention and treatment of various CVDs. However, these promising effects were only reported through in vitro and animal studies, which reinforces the need for further evaluation of these effects via human clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arya Nasimi Shad
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Iman Akhlaghipour
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Atefeh Babazadeh Baghan
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Bahrami A, Farasat A, Zolghadr L, Sabaghi Y, PourFarzad F, Gheibi N. The anticancer impacts of free and liposomal caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on melanoma cell line (A375). Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3900. [PMID: 38111127 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
The deadliest type of skin cancer, malignant melanoma, is also the reason for the majority of skin cancer-related deaths. The objective of this article was to investigate the efficiency of free caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and liposomal CAPE in inducing apoptosis in melanoma cells (A375) in in vitro. CAPE was loaded into liposomes made up of hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3 phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy (polyethylene glycol)-2000], and their physicochemical properties were assessed. (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) test was performed for comparing the cytotoxicity of free CAPE and liposomal CAPE at dosages of 10, 15, 25, 50, 75 and the highest dose of 100 μg/mL for period of 24 and 48 h on A375 cell line to calculate IC50. Apoptosis and necrosis were evaluated in A375 melanoma cancer cells using flow cytometry. Atomic force microscopy was utilized to determine the nanomechanical attributes of the membrane structure of A375 cells. To determine whether there were any effects on apoptosis, the expression of PI3K/AKT1 and BAX/BCL2 genes was analyzed using the real-time polymerase chain reaction technique. According to our results, the maximum amount of drug release from nanoliposomes was determined to be 91% and the encapsulation efficiency of CAPE in liposomes was 85.24%. Also, the release of free CAPE was assessed to be 97%. Compared with liposomal CAPE, free CAPE showed a greater effect on reducing the cancer cell survival after 24 and 48 h. Therefore, IC50 values of A375 cells treated with free and liposomal CAPE were calculated as 47.34 and 63.39 μg/mL for 24 h. After 48 h of incubation of A375 cells with free and liposomal CAPE, IC50 values were determined as 30.55 and 44.83 μg/mL, respectively. The flow cytometry analysis revealed that the apoptosis induced in A375 cancer cells was greater when treated with free CAPE than when treated with liposomal CAPE. The highest nanomechanical changes in the amount of cell adhesion forces, and elastic modulus value were seen in free CAPE. Subsequently, the greatest decrease in PI3K/AKT1 gene expression ratio occurred in free CAPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azita Bahrami
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Alireza Farasat
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Zolghadr
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Yalda Sabaghi
- Student Research Committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Farnaz PourFarzad
- Student Research Committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Nematollah Gheibi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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Martínez-Arias L, Fernández-Villabrille S, Alonso-Montes C, García-Navazo G, Ruíz-Torres MP, Alajarín R, Alvarez-Builla J, Gutiérrez-Calabres E, Vaquero-López JJ, Carrillo-López N, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Cannata-Andía JB, Panizo S, Naves-Díaz M. Effects of a Losartan-Antioxidant Hybrid (GGN1231) on Vascular and Cardiac Health in an Experimental Model of Chronic Renal Failure. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081820. [PMID: 37111038 PMCID: PMC10143556 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Drugs providing antihypertensive and protective cardiovascular actions are of clinical interest in controlling cardiovascular events and slowing the progression of kidney disease. We studied the effect of a hybrid compound, GGN1231 (derived from losartan in which a powerful antioxidant was attached), on the prevention of cardiovascular damage, cardiac hypertrophy, and fibrosis in a rat model of severe chronic renal failure (CRF). CRF by a 7/8 nephrectomy was carried out in male Wistar rats fed with a diet rich in phosphorous (0.9%) and normal calcium (0.6%) for a period of 12 weeks until sacrifice. In week 8, rats were randomized in five groups receiving different drugs including dihydrocaffeic acid as antioxidant (Aox), losartan (Los), dihydrocaffeic acid+losartan (Aox+Los) and GGN1231 as follows: Group 1 (CRF+vehicle group), Group 2 (CRF+Aox group), Group 3 (CRF+Los group), Group 4 (CRF+Aox+Los group), and Group 5 (CRF+GGN1231 group). Group 5, the CRF+GGN1231 group, displayed reduced proteinuria, aortic TNF-α, blood pressure, LV wall thickness, diameter of the cardiomyocytes, ATR1, cardiac TNF-α and fibrosis, cardiac collagen I, and TGF-β1 expression. A non-significant 20% reduction in the mortality was also observed. This study showed the possible advantages of GGN1231, which could help in the management of cardiovascular and inflammatory processes. Further research is needed to confirm and even expand the positive aspects of this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Martínez-Arias
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), RICORS2040 (Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Fernández-Villabrille
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), RICORS2040 (Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Alonso-Montes
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), RICORS2040 (Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gonzalo García-Navazo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá (IRYCIS), 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - María P Ruíz-Torres
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), RICORS2040 (Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Physiology Unit, Department of Systems Biology, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alcalá, Área 3-Fisiología y Fisiopatología Renal y Vascular del Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica (IRSIN) de la Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Ramón Alajarín
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá (IRYCIS), 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Julio Alvarez-Builla
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá (IRYCIS), 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Elena Gutiérrez-Calabres
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), RICORS2040 (Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Physiology Unit, Department of Systems Biology, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alcalá, Área 3-Fisiología y Fisiopatología Renal y Vascular del Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica (IRSIN) de la Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Juan José Vaquero-López
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), RICORS2040 (Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Investigación Química "Andrés M. del Río" (IQAR), Universidad de Alcalá (IRYCIS), 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Natalia Carrillo-López
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), RICORS2040 (Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Puyol
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), RICORS2040 (Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Physiology Unit, Department of Systems Biology, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alcalá, Área 3-Fisiología y Fisiopatología Renal y Vascular del Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica (IRSIN) de la Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT), 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Alcalá, Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Jorge B Cannata-Andía
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), RICORS2040 (Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Panizo
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), RICORS2040 (Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Naves-Díaz
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), Universidad de Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), RICORS2040 (Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Nasrullah MZ. Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Loaded PEG-PLGA Nanoparticles Enhance Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010060. [PMID: 36670922 PMCID: PMC9854644 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Delayed wound healing is a serious complication of diabetes and a main reason for foot amputation. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a main active constituent of honeybee propolis with reported appealing pharmacological activities. In the current study, CAPE was loaded onto PEG-PLGA nanoparticles and showed a particle size of 198 ± 7.3 nm and polydispersity index of 0.43 ± 0.04. An in vivo study was performed to appraise the wound-healing activity of CAPE-loaded PEG-PLGA nanoparticles (CAPE-NPs) in diabetic rats. Wound closure was significantly accelerated in rats treated with CAPE-NPs. This was confirmed via histological examinations of skin tissues that indicated expedited healing and enhanced collagen deposition. This was accompanied by observed antioxidant activity as evidenced by the prevention of lipid peroxidation and the exhaustion of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities. In addition, CAPE-NPs showed superior anti-inflammatory activity as compared with the regular formula of CAPE, as they prevented the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) as well as tumor necrosis-alpha (TNF-α). The pro-collagen actions of CAPE-NPs were highlighted by the enhanced hyroxyproline content and up-regulation of Col 1A1 mRNA expression. Furthermore, the immunohistochemial assessment of skin tissues indicated that CAPE-NPs enhance proliferation and angiogenesis, as shown by the increased expression of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and platelet-derived growth factor subunit B (PDGF-B). In conclusion, CAPE-loaded PEG-PLGA nanoparticles possess potent healing effects in diabetic wounds. This is mediated, at least partially, by its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and pro-collagen as well as angiogenic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Z Nasrullah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Validation, Optimization and Hepatoprotective Effects of Boeravinone B and Caffeic Acid Compounds from Boerhavia diffusa Linn. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9070177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Boerhavia diffusa, also known as Punarnava, is a plant of the Nyctaginaceae family that has been utilized in traditional medicine to cure a variety of ailments. The goal of this study was to use response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize the maximum percentage yield of boeravinone B and caffeic acid from Boerhavia diffusa roots, and simultaneous determination of boeravinone B and caffeic acid in newly developed single solvent system and demonstrate the hepatoprotective benefits of boeravinone B and caffeic acid. The extraction process examined extraction time, extraction temperature and solvent concentration, which were optimized via Box–Behnken experimental design. The proposed HPTLC method for the quantification of boeravinone B and caffeic acid were successfully validated and developed. The method was validated in term of linearity and detection limit, quantification limit, range, precision, specificity and accuracy. The separation of boeravinone B and caffeic acid bands was achieved on HPTLC plate using formic acid: ethyl acetate: toluene (1:3:5 v/v) as developing system. Densitometric analyses of boeravinone B and caffeic acid was carried out in the absorbance mode at 254 nm. The maximum percentage yield of caffeic acid and boeravinone B from Boerhavia diffusa require appropriate extraction parameters such as temperature, time, organic solvents and water content, which can be achieved using the Box-Behnken statistical design provide time: temperature: solvent ratio (30:45:40 v/v) for extraction of caffeic acid and 60:60:40 v/v for extraction of boeravinone B. The boeravinone B (200 µg/mL) and caffeic acid (200 µg/mL) showed the most significant hepatoprotective activity compared with standard sylimarin in HepG2 cell induced with galactosamine 40 mM toxicity. The findings supported B. diffusa’s traditional use as a functional food forhuman health benefits.
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In vitro evaluation of antioxidant activity and biocompatibility of caffeic acid phenethyl ester loaded in polymeric micelles. Mol Cell Toxicol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-022-00244-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Liu L, Wen L, Gao C, Piao H, Zhao H, Yu D, Zhu L, Li S. Effects of Non-directional Mechanical Trauma on Gastrointestinal Tract Injury in Rats. Front Physiol 2021; 12:649554. [PMID: 33935802 PMCID: PMC8081863 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.649554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical trauma can (MT) cause secondary injury, such as cardiomyocyte apoptosis and cardiac dysfunction has been reported. However, the effects of mechanical trauma on gastrointestinal tract is unclear. This study aims to observe the main location and time of gastrointestinal tract injury caused by non-directional trauma and explain the reason of the increase of LPS in blood caused by mechanical injury. Morphological changes in the stomach, ileum and cecum at different time points after MT were observed in this experiment. The results reveal that the injury to the cecal mucosa in the rats was more obvious than that in the ileum and the stomach. The cecal epithelial cell junction was significantly widened at 20 min after MT, and the plasma LPS and D-lactic acid concentrations increased significantly at the same time point. In addition, some bacterial structures in the widened intercellular space and near the capillary wall of the cecal mucosa were detected at 12 h after MT. This finding suggests that the main reason for the increase in LPS in plasma after MT is cecal mucosal injury. This study is important for the early intervention of the gastrointestinal tract to prevent secondary injury after MT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Liu
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lianpu Wen
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chuanzhou Gao
- Central Laboratory, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hua Piao
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Deqin Yu
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shuzhuang Li
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Duran Y, Karaboğa İ. Effect of hesperetin on systemic inflammation and hepatic injury after blunt chest trauma in rats. Biotech Histochem 2019; 95:297-304. [PMID: 31850807 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2019.1691265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the protective effect of hesperetin on hepatic damage after blunt chest trauma in rats using histological and biochemical methods. We used 18 adult male rats in three groups of six: control, chest trauma and chest trauma + hesperetin. Chest trauma was caused by dropping a metal cylinder onto the right hemithorax. Hesperetin, 100 mg/kg, was administered orally for 7 days. At the end of the seventh day, liver tissue samples were obtained. Serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β), alanine aminotransferase (AST), aspartate transferase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme activities were measured in blood samples taken from the heart. The general structure of liver tissue was investigated using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Nuclear factor kappa beta (Nf-κβ) expression in liver tissue was determined by the indirect immunohistochemical method. Apoptosis was determined using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) method. Decreased TNF-α, AST and ALT enzyme activity, fewer histopathological changes and lower Nf-kB expression were observed in the hesperetin treated group compared to the chest trauma group. We also found reduced hepatic apoptosis in the chest trauma + hesperetin group compared to the chest trauma group. Hesperetine inhibits liver damage by reducing proinflammatory cytokines and by suppressing Nf-κβ activity in a blunt chest trauma model in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasin Duran
- Tekirdag Namık Kemal University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery, 59030, Tekirdag, Turkey
| | - İhsan Karaboğa
- Tekirdag Namık Kemal University, School of Health, Department of Emergency and Disaster Management, 59030, Tekirdag, Turkey
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