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Pan SP, Pirker T, Kunert O, Kretschmer N, Hummelbrunner S, Latkolik SL, Rappai J, Dirsch VM, Bochkov V, Bauer R. C13 Megastigmane Derivatives From Epipremnum pinnatum: β-Damascenone Inhibits the Expression of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Leukocyte Adhesion Molecules as Well as NF-κB Signaling. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1351. [PMID: 31849641 PMCID: PMC6892967 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to identify active constituents and to gain some information regarding their mode of action, extracts from leaves of Epipremnum pinnatum were tested for their ability to inhibit inflammatory gene expression in endothelial- and monocyte-like cells (HUVECtert and THP-1, respectively). Bioactivity-guided fractionation using expression of PTGS2 (COX-2) mRNA as a readout resulted in the isolation of two C13 megastigmane glycosides, gusanlungionoside C (1) and citroside A (3), and the phenylalcohol glycoside phenylmethyl-2-O-(6-O-rhamnosyl)-ß-D-galactopyranoside (2). Further analysis identified six additional megastigmane glycosides and the aglycones β-damascenone (10), megastigmatrienone (11), 3-hydroxy-β-damascenone (12), and 3-oxo-7,8-dihydro-α-ionol (13). Pharmacological analysis demonstrated that 10 inhibits LPS-stimulated induction of mRNAs encoding for proinflammatory cytokines and leukocyte adhesion molecules, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8, COX-2, E-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 in HUVECtert and THP-1 cells. 10 inhibited induction of inflammatory genes in HUVECtert and THP-1 cells treated with different agonists, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and LPS. In addition to mRNA, also the upregulation of inflammatory proteins was inhibited by 10 as demonstrated by immune assays for cell surface E-selectin and secreted TNF-α. Finally, using a luciferase reporter construct, it was shown, that 10 inhibits NF-κB-dependent transcription. Therefore, we hypothesize that inhibition of NF-κB by β-damascenone (10) may represent one of the mechanisms underlying the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of Epipremnum pinnatum extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- San-Po Pan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Teresa Pirker
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Olaf Kunert
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nadine Kretschmer
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Scarlet Hummelbrunner
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Molecular Targets, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simone L Latkolik
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Molecular Targets, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Rappai
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Molecular Targets, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena M Dirsch
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Molecular Targets, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Valery Bochkov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Rudolf Bauer
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Tan ML, Muhammad TST, Najimudin N, Sulaiman SF. Growth arrest and non-apoptotic programmed cell death associated with the up-regulation of c-myc mRNA expression in T-47D breast tumor cells following exposure to Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. hexane extract. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2005; 96:375-383. [PMID: 15619555 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2004.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2003] [Revised: 06/16/2004] [Accepted: 07/06/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. hexane extract produced a significant growth inhibition against T-47D breast carcinoma cells and analysis of cell death mechanisms indicated that the extract elicited a non-apoptotic programmed cell death. T-47D cells exposed to the extract at EC(50) concentration (72 h) for 24 h failed to demonstrate typical DNA fragmentation associated with apoptosis, as carried out using a modified TUNEL assay. In addition, acute exposure to the extract produced an insignificant regulation of caspase-3 and p53 mRNA expression but increased in the c-myc mRNA expression. Ultrastructural analysis using transmission electron microscope demonstrated distinct vacuolated cells, which strongly indicated a Type II non-apoptotic cell death although the changes in chromatin were also detected. The presence of non-apoptotic programmed cell death was then reconfirmed with annexin-V and propidium iodide staining. These findings suggested that up-regulation of c-myc mRNA expression may have contributed to the growth arrest and Type II non-apoptotic programmed cell death in the Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. hexane extract-treated T-47D cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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d’Ischia M, Napolitano A, Pezzella A, Land EJ, Ramsden CA, Riley PA. 5,6-Dihydroxyindoles and Indole-5,6-diones. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2725(05)89001-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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