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Mazumder K, Voit B, Banerjee S. Recent Progress in Sulfur-Containing High Refractive Index Polymers for Optical Applications. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:6253-6279. [PMID: 38371831 PMCID: PMC10870412 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The development in the field of high refractive index materials is a crucial factor for the advancement of optical devices with advanced features such as image sensors, optical data storage, antireflective coatings, light-emitting diodes, and nanoimprinting. Sulfur plays an important role in high refractive index applications owing to its high molar refraction compared to carbon. Sulfur exists in multiple oxidation states and can exhibit various stable functional groups. Over the last few decades, sulfur-containing polymers have attracted much attention owing to their wide array of applications governed by the functional group of sulfur present in the polymer repeat unit. The interplay of refractive index and various other polymer properties contributes to successfully implementing a specific polymer material in optical applications. The focus on developing optoelectronic devices induced an ever-increasing need to integrate different functional materials to achieve the devices' full potential. Several devices that see the potential use of sulfur in high refractive index materials are reviewed in the study. Like sulfur, selenium also exhibits high molar refraction and unique chemical properties, making it an essential field of study. This review covers the research and development in the field of sulfur and selenium in different forms of functionality, focusing on the chemistry of bonding and the optical properties of the polymers containing the heteroatoms mentioned above. The strategy and rationale behind incorporating heteroatoms in a polymer matrix to produce high-refractive-index materials are also described in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajari Mazumder
- Materials Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanta Banerjee
- Materials Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
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Mazumder K, Komber H, Bittrich E, Voit B, Banerjee S. Synthesis and characterization of poly(1,2,3‐triazole)s with inherent high sulfur content for optical applications. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kajari Mazumder
- Materials Science Centre Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur India
- Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry Dresden Germany
| | - Hartmut Komber
- Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry Dresden Germany
| | - Eva Bittrich
- Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry Dresden Germany
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz‐Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry Dresden Germany
- Chair Organic Chemistry of Polymers Technische Universität Dresden Dresden Germany
| | - Susanta Banerjee
- Materials Science Centre Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur India
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Mazumder K, Komber H, Bittrich E, Uhlig K, Voit B, Banerjee S. Sulfur-Rich Polyimides Containing Bis(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)thiophene for High-Refractive-Index Applications. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kajari Mazumder
- Materials Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hartmut Komber
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Eva Bittrich
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Kai Uhlig
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Chair Organic Chemistry of Polymers, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanta Banerjee
- Materials Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
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Mazumder K, Komber H, Bittrich E, Voit B, Banerjee S. Sulfur Containing High Refractive Index Poly(arylene Thioether)s and Poly(arylene Ether)s. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kajari Mazumder
- Materials Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hartmut Komber
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Eva Bittrich
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Chair Organic Chemistry of Polymers, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanta Banerjee
- Materials Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
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Sun Y, Li T, Dai H, Wang M, Xue R, Chen J, Liu D. Preparation and Characterization of Intrinsic Low-κ Polyimide Films. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13234174. [PMID: 34883677 PMCID: PMC8659940 DOI: 10.3390/polym13234174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Three fluorinated polyimide (PI-FP, PI-FO and PI-FH) films with low dielectric constants and excellent comprehensive properties were successfully prepared using a polycondensation reaction method by incorporating p-phenylenediamine (PDA), 4-4′-diaminodiphenyl ether (ODA) and 4,4′-(Hexafluoroisopropylidene) bis (p-phenyleneoxy) dianiline (HFPBDA) into 4,4′-(Hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphthalic anhydride (6FDA), respectively. The effects of the diamine monomer structure on optical, dielectric and mechanical properties were investigated. Compared with PDA and ODA, HFPBDA can effectively improve the optical and dielectric properties of PI due to due to its special chain structure. Among the three PI films, PI-FH film presents the best optic transmission (highest transmittance = 90.2%) and highest energy gap (2.69 eV). The dielectric properties of PI-FH film improve the most. The dielectric constant and loss at 104 Hz are reduced to 2.05 and 0.0034 at 104 Hz, respectively, and remain stable up to 250 °C. The mechanical properties decrease in turn for PI-FP, PI-FO and PI-FH films due to the increase in free volume fraction. Nevertheless, PI-FH film still exhibits good mechanical properties with a tensile strength of 88.4 Mpa, a tensile modulus of 2.11 GPa and an elongation at break of 4.1%. The correlation between the dielectric and mechanical properties of PI films and their free volume characteristics is well explained with the help of positron annihilation spectroscopy.
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Amobonye A, Bhagwat P, Singh S, Pillai S. Plastic biodegradation: Frontline microbes and their enzymes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 759:143536. [PMID: 33190901 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Plastic polymers with different properties have been developed in the last 150 years to replace materials such as wood, glass and metals across various applications. Nevertheless, the distinct properties which make plastic desirable for our daily use also threaten our planet's sustainability. Plastics are resilient, non-reactive and most importantly, non-biodegradable. Hence, there has been an exponential increase in plastic waste generation, which has since been recognised as a global environmental threat. Plastic wastes have adversely affected life on earth, primarily through their undesirable accumulation in landfills, leaching into the soil, increased greenhouse gas emission, etc. Even more damaging is their impact on the aquatic ecosystems as they cause entanglement, ingestion and intestinal blockage in aquatic animals. Furthermore, plastics, especially in the microplastic form, have also been found to interfere with chemical interaction between marine organisms, to cause intrinsic toxicity by leaching, and by absorbing persistent organic contaminants as well as pathogens. The current methods for eliminating these wastes (incineration, landfilling, and recycling) come at massive costs, are unsustainable, and put more burden on our environment. Thus, recent focus has been placed more on the potential of biological systems to degrade synthetic plastics. In this regard, some insects, bacteria and fungi have been shown to ingest these polymers and convert them into environmentally friendly carbon compounds. Hence, in the light of recent literature, this review emphasises the multifaceted roles played by microorganisms in this process. The current understanding of the roles played by actinomycetes, algae, bacteria, fungi and their enzymes in enhancing the degradation of synthetic plastics are reviewed, with special focus on their modes of action and probable enzymatic mechanisms. Besides, key areas for further exploration, such as the manipulation of microorganisms through molecular cloning, modification of enzymatic characteristics and metabolic pathway design, are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodeji Amobonye
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa.
| | - Prashant Bhagwat
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa.
| | - Suren Singh
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa.
| | - Santhosh Pillai
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa.
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Parreño RP, Liu YL, Beltran AB. A Sulfur Copolymers (SDIB)/Polybenzoxazines (PBz) Polymer Blend for Electrospinning of Nanofibers. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E1526. [PMID: 31717767 PMCID: PMC6915670 DOI: 10.3390/nano9111526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study demonstrated the processability of sulfur copolymers (SDIB) into polymer blend with polybenzoxazines (PBz) and their compatibility with the electrospinning process. Synthesis of SDIB was conducted via inverse vulcanization using elemental sulfur (S8). Polymer blends produced by simply mixing with varying concentration of SDIB (5 and 10 wt%) and fixed concentration of PBz (10 wt%) exhibited homogeneity and a single-phase structure capable of forming nanofibers. Nanofiber mats were characterized to determine the blending effect on the microstructure and final properties. Fiber diameter increased and exhibited non-uniform, broader fiber diameter distribution with increased SDIB. Microstructures of mats based on SEM images showed the occurrence of partial aggregation and conglutination with each fiber. Incorporation of SDIB were confirmed from EDX which was in agreement with the amount of SDIB relative to the sulfur peak in the spectra. Spectroscopy further confirmed that SDIB did not affect the chemistry of PBz but the presence of special interaction benefited miscibility. Two distinct glass transition temperatures of 97 °C and 280 °C indicated that new material was produced from the blend while the water contact angle of the fibers was reduced from 130° to 82° which became quite hydrophilic. Blending of SDIB with component polymer proved that its processability can be further explored for optimal spinnability of nanofibers for desired applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronaldo P. Parreño
- Department of Chemical Engineering, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 1004, Philippines
- Chemicals and Energy Division, Industrial Technology Development Institute (ITDI), Department of Science and Technology (DOST), Taguig 1631, Philippines
| | - Ying-Ling Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan;
| | - Arnel B. Beltran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, Manila 1004, Philippines
- Center for Engineering and Sustainable Development Research, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Ave, Manila 1004, Philippines
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Kaya İ, Kamacı M. Synthesis, optical, and thermal properties of polyimides containing flexible ether linkage. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- İsmet Kaya
- Polymer Synthesis and Analysis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts; Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University; Çanakkale 17020 Turkey
| | - Musa Kamacı
- Polymer Synthesis and Analysis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts; Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University; Çanakkale 17020 Turkey
- Engineering of Faculty, Department of Machine Engineering; Piri Reis University; Tuzla Istanbul 34940 Turkey
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Hu J, Wang Z, Lu Z, Chen C, Shi M, Wang J, Zhao E, Zeng K, Yang G. Bio-based adenine-containing high performance polyimide. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Wang Y, Yang Y, Jia Z, Qin J, Gu Y. Effect of pre-imidization on the aggregation structure and properties of polyimide films. POLYMER 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2012.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Wang Y, Yang Y, Jia Z, Qin J, Gu Y. Effect of chemical structure and preparation process on the aggregation structure and properties of polyimide film. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.38068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Cosutchi AI, Nica SL, Hulubei C, Homocianu M, Ioan S. Effects of the aliphatic/aromatic structure on the miscibility, thermal, optical, and rheological properties of some polyimide blends. POLYM ENG SCI 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.23085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Loos MR, Abetz V, Schulte K. A Highly Efficient One-Pot Method for the Synthesis of Carbon Black/Poly(4,4′-Diphenylether-1,3,4-Oxadiazoles) Composites. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201100048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Loos MR, Abetz V, Schulte K. Fast and highly efficient one-pot synthesis of polyoxadiazole/carbon nanotube nanocomposites in mild acid. POLYM INT 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.2983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Gaina C, Gaina V, Ionita D. Chemical modification of chloromethylated polysulfones via click reactions. POLYM INT 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.2948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Saeed S, Khalil M, Ahmad Z. Polyimide-silica Hybrids: Structural and Morphological Investigations. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10601320802594717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Li L, Yan G, Wu J, Yu X, Guo Q. Surface-initiated Atom-transfer Radical Polymerization from Polyimide Films and Their Anti-fouling Properties. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10601320802300610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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