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Karami P, Gholamin D, Fathi F, Afsar T, Johari-Ahar M. Anti-CCP biosensors in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 561:119767. [PMID: 38857671 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Biosensors are unique analytical tools for the detection of biomarkers. Of these, autoantibodies against citrullinated proteins (ACPA) are useful for the differential diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The autoantibodies may be detected by immunoassay technology using synthetic cyclic citrullinated peptides (CCP), ie, anti-CCP. Recently, several biosensors have been developed for anti-CCP using CCP and mutated citrullinated vimentin (MCV) as recognition elements. In this review we highlight all currently available ACPA biosensor technology including those based on fluorescence, chemiluminescence, electrochemiluminescence (ECL), surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), lateral flow immunoassays (LFIA), and electrochemical. We explore various peptides as recognition elements, electrode modifiers and signal amplification systems thus providing new opportunities for next-generation biosensor design in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pari Karami
- Biosensor Sciences and Technologies Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Danial Gholamin
- Biosensor Sciences and Technologies Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Fathi
- Biosensor Sciences and Technologies Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Taha Afsar
- Biosensor Sciences and Technologies Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mohammad Johari-Ahar
- Biosensor Sciences and Technologies Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
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2
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Gerdan Z, Saylan Y, Denizli A. Recent Advances of Optical Sensors for Copper Ion Detection. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1298. [PMID: 36014218 PMCID: PMC9413819 DOI: 10.3390/mi13081298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A trace element copper (Cu2+) ion is the third most plentiful metal ion that necessary for all living organisms and playing a critical role in several processes. Nonetheless, according to cellular needs, deficient or excess Cu2+ ion cause various diseases. For all these reasons, optical sensors have been focused rapid Cu2+ ion detection in real-time with high selectivity and sensitivity. Optical sensors can measure fluorescence in the refractive index-adsorption from the relationships between light and matter. They have gained great attention in recent years due to the excellent advantages of simple and naked eye recognition, real-time detection, low cost, high specificity against analytes, a quick response, and the need for less complex equipment in analysis. This review aims to show the significance of Cu2+ ion detection and electively current trends in optical sensors. The integration of optical sensors with different systems, such as microfluidic systems, is mentioned, and their latest studies in medical and environmental applications also are depicted. Conclusions and future perspectives on these advances is added at the end of the review.
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3
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Erbaş A, Inci F. The Role of Ligand Rebinding and Facilitated Dissociation on the Characterization of Dissociation Rates by Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) and Benchmarking Performance Metrics. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2385:237-253. [PMID: 34888723 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1767-0_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a real-time kinetic measurement principle that can probe the kinetic interactions between ligands and their binding sites, and lies at the backbone of pharmaceutical, biosensing, and biomolecular research. The extraction of dissociation rates from SPR-response signals often relies on several commonly adopted assumptions, one of which is the exponential decay of the dissociation part of the response signal. However, certain conditions, such as high density of binding sites or high concentration fluctuations near the surface as compared to the bulk, can lead to non-exponential decays via ligand rebinding or facilitated dissociation. Consequently, fitting the data with an exponential function can underestimate or overestimate the measured dissociation rates. Here, we describe a set of alternative fit functions that can take such effects into consideration along with plasmonic sensor design principles with key performance metrics, thereby suggesting methods for error-free high-precision extraction of the dissociation rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aykut Erbaş
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center and Institute of Materials Science Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Fatih Inci
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center and Institute of Materials Science Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey.
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4
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Microdevice immunoassay with conjugated magnetic nanoparticles for rapid anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) detection. Talanta 2021; 224:121801. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Saylan Y, Denizli A. Advances in Molecularly Imprinted Systems: Materials, Characterization Methods and Analytical Applications. CURR ANAL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411015666181214155042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
A molecular imprinting is one of the fascinating modification methods that
employ molecules as targets to create geometric cavities for recognition of targets in the polymeric
matrix. This method provides a broad versatility to imprint target molecules with different size,
three-dimensional structure and physicochemical features. In contrast to the complex and timeconsuming
laboratory surface modification procedures, this method offers a rapid, sensitive,
inexpensive, easy-to-use, and selective approach for the diagnosis, screening and monitoring
disorders. Owing to their unique features such as high selectivity, physical and chemical robustness,
high stability, low-cost and reusability of this method, molecularly imprinted polymers have become
very attractive materials and been applied in various applications from separation to detection.
Background:
The aims of this review are structured according to the fundamentals of molecularly
imprinted polymers involving essential elements, preparation procedures and also the analytical
applications platforms. Finally, the future perspectives to increase the development of molecularly
imprinted platforms.
Methods:
A molecular imprinting is one of the commonly used modification methods that apply
target as a recognition element itself and provide a wide range of versatility to replica other targets
with a different structure, size, and physicochemical features. A rapid, easy, cheap and specific
recognition approach has become one of the investigation areas on, especially biochemistry,
biomedicine and biotechnology. In recent years, several technologies of molecular imprinting method
have gained prompt development according to continuous use and improvement of traditional
polymerization techniques.
Results:
The molecularly imprinted polymers with excellent performances have been prepared and
also more exciting and universal applications have been recognized. In contrast to the conventional
methods, the imprinted systems have superior advantages including high stability, relative ease and
low cost of preparation, resistance to elevated temperature, and pressure and potential application to
various target molecules. In view of these considerations, molecularly imprinted systems have found
application in various fields of analytical chemistry including separation, purification, detection and
spectrophotometric systems.
Conclusion:
Recent analytical methods are reported to develop the binding kinetics of imprinted
systems by using the development of other technologies. The combined platforms are among the
most encouraging systems to detect and recognize several molecules. The diversity of molecular
imprinting methods was overviewed for different analytical application platforms. There is still a
requirement of more knowledge on the molecular features of these polymers. A next step would
further be the optimization of different systems with more homogeneous and easily reachable
recognition sites to reduce the laborious in the accessibility in the three-dimensional polymeric
materials in sufficient recognition features and also better selectivity and sensitivity for a wide range
of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeşeren Saylan
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Adil Denizli
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
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Rico-Yuste A, Carrasco S. Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Hybrid Materials for the Development of Optical Sensors. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1173. [PMID: 31336762 PMCID: PMC6681127 DOI: 10.3390/polym11071173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on the development of new optical sensors using molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) combined with different materials and explore the novel strategies followed in order to overcome some of the limitations found during the last decade in terms of performance. This review pretends to offer a general overview, mainly focused on the last 3 years, on how the new fabrication procedures enable the synthesis of hybrid materials enhancing not only the recognition ability of the polymer but the optical signal. Introduction describes MIPs as biomimetic recognition elements, their properties and applications, emphasizing on each step of the fabrication/recognition procedure. The state of the art is presented and the change in the publication trend between electrochemical and optical sensor devices is thoroughly discussed according to the new fabrication and micro/nano-structuring techniques paving the way for a new generation of MIP-based optical sensors. We want to offer the reader a different perspective based on the materials science in contrast to other overviews. Different substrates for anchoring MIPs are considered and distributed in different sections according to the dimensionality and the nature of the composite, highlighting the synergetic effect obtained as a result of merging both materials to achieve the final goal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sergio Carrasco
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Saylan Y, Erdem Ö, Ünal S, Denizli A. An Alternative Medical Diagnosis Method: Biosensors for Virus Detection. BIOSENSORS 2019; 9:E65. [PMID: 31117262 PMCID: PMC6627152 DOI: 10.3390/bios9020065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases still pose an omnipresent threat to global and public health, especially in many countries and rural areas of cities. Underlying reasons of such serious maladies can be summarized as the paucity of appropriate analysis methods and subsequent treatment strategies due to the limited access of centralized and equipped health care facilities for diagnosis. Biosensors hold great impact to turn our current analytical methods into diagnostic strategies by restructuring their sensing module for the detection of biomolecules, especially nano-sized objects such as protein biomarkers and viruses. Unquestionably, current sensing platforms require continuous updates to address growing challenges in the diagnosis of viruses as viruses change quickly and spread largely from person-to-person, indicating the urgency of early diagnosis. Some of the challenges can be classified in biological barriers (specificity, low number of targets, and biological matrices) and technological limitations (detection limit, linear dynamic range, stability, and reliability), as well as economical aspects that limit their implementation into resource-scarce settings. In this review, the principle and types of biosensors and their applications in the diagnosis of distinct infectious diseases were comprehensively explained. The deployment of current biosensors into resource-scarce settings is further discussed for virus detection by elaborating the pros and cons of existing methods as a conclusion and future perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeşeren Saylan
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
| | - Özgecan Erdem
- Department of Biology, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
| | - Serhat Ünal
- Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey.
| | - Adil Denizli
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
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Saylan Y, Akgönüllü S, Yavuz H, Ünal S, Denizli A. Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Based Sensors for Medical Applications. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E1279. [PMID: 30871280 PMCID: PMC6472044 DOI: 10.3390/s19061279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Sensors have been extensively used owing to multiple advantages, including exceptional sensing performance, user-friendly operation, fast response, high sensitivity and specificity, portability, and real-time analysis. In recent years, efforts in sensor realm have expanded promptly, and it has already presented a broad range of applications in the fields of medical, pharmaceutical and environmental applications, food safety, and homeland security. In particular, molecularly imprinted polymer based sensors have created a fascinating horizon for surface modification techniques by forming specific recognition cavities for template molecules in the polymeric matrix. This method ensures a broad range of versatility to imprint a variety of biomolecules with different size, three dimensional structure, physical and chemical features. In contrast to complex and time-consuming laboratory surface modification methods, molecular imprinting offers a rapid, sensitive, inexpensive, easy-to-use, and highly selective approaches for sensing, and especially for the applications of diagnosis, screening, and theranostics. Due to its physical and chemical robustness, high stability, low-cost, and reusability features, molecularly imprinted polymer based sensors have become very attractive modalities for such applications with a sensitivity of minute structural changes in the structure of biomolecules. This review aims at discussing the principle of molecular imprinting method, the integration of molecularly imprinted polymers with sensing tools, the recent advances and strategies in molecular imprinting methodologies, their applications in medical, and future outlook on this concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeşeren Saylan
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
| | - Semra Akgönüllü
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
| | - Handan Yavuz
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
| | - Serhat Ünal
- Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06230, Turkey.
| | - Adil Denizli
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
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Erdem Ö, Saylan Y, Cihangir N, Denizli A. Molecularly imprinted nanoparticles based plasmonic sensors for real-time Enterococcus faecalis detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 126:608-614. [PMID: 30502683 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Human fecal contamination poses a crucial environmental and health threat in recent years, resulting in the difficulties of access to clean water. According to the World Health Organization, several fecal bacteria, particularly Enterococci species, are present in human intestinal flora. Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is one of the indicator bacteria that have been utilized as a pollution indicator in water. However, existing technologies and detection strategies face multiple challenges in terms of low affinity for detection and labelling requirements that limit their access to large scale applications. Here, we present a label-free molecular fingerprinting strategy on a plasmonic sensor to detect E. fecalis from aqueous and seawater samples. The kinetic performance of platform was comprehensively evaluated and the platform provided four orders of magnitude detection range with a low limit of detection (down to ~100 bacteria/mL) and a high correlation coefficient value (> 0.99) in the range of 2 × 104-1 × 108 cfu/mL. The platform also denoted a selectivity and specificity while other bacteria (E. coli, B. subtilis, and S. aureus) samples were applied. Multiple time use and relatively long shelf-life are superior to the existing modality. The presented method is one of the fascinating surface modification technique that utilizes biotarget as a recognition element itself, providing a broad range of versatility to replica other biotargets with different molecular structure, size, and physicochemical properties. Such a reliable and versatile platform would hold potential applications from microbiome characterization to forensics by revitalizing obsolescent detection strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özgecan Erdem
- Hacettepe University, Department of Biology, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yeşeren Saylan
- Hacettepe University, Department of Chemistry, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nilüfer Cihangir
- Hacettepe University, Department of Biology, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Adil Denizli
- Hacettepe University, Department of Chemistry, 06800, Ankara, Turkey.
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Koyun S, Akgönüllü S, Yavuz H, Erdem A, Denizli A. Surface plasmon resonance aptasensor for detection of human activated protein C. Talanta 2018; 194:528-533. [PMID: 30609568 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is a highly sensitive and selective label-free surface plasmon resonance (SPR) aptasensor preparation for the specific detection of human activated protein C (APC). In the first step, DNA aptamer was complexed with N-methacryloyl-L-cysteine (MAC) monomer. Then, cyanamide and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate solution was mixed with the DNA-Apt/MAC complex. Two different SPR sensors (Random-DNA and HEMA-MAC polymeric films) were also prepared by following the same experimental procedure. The characterization of SPR aptasensors was done by contact angle, atomic force microscopy, and ellipsometer analysis. Selectivity studies of SPR aptasensors were performed in the presence of bovine serum albumin, hemoglobin and myoglobin. Desorption studies were performed by using 0.025 M NaCl solution. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) values of DNA-Apt SPR aptasensor was determined as 1.5 ng/mL and 5.2 ng/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Koyun
- Hacettepe University, Department of Chemistry, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Semra Akgönüllü
- Hacettepe University, Department of Chemistry, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Handan Yavuz
- Hacettepe University, Department of Chemistry, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Arzum Erdem
- Ege University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Analytical Chemistry Department, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Adil Denizli
- Hacettepe University, Department of Chemistry, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
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Saylan Y, Yilmaz F, Özgür E, Derazshamshir A, Yavuz H, Denizli A. Molecular Imprinting of Macromolecules for Sensor Applications. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17040898. [PMID: 28422082 PMCID: PMC5426548 DOI: 10.3390/s17040898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Molecular recognition has an important role in numerous living systems. One of the most important molecular recognition methods is molecular imprinting, which allows host compounds to recognize and detect several molecules rapidly, sensitively and selectively. Compared to natural systems, molecular imprinting methods have some important features such as low cost, robustness, high recognition ability and long term durability which allows molecularly imprinted polymers to be used in various biotechnological applications, such as chromatography, drug delivery, nanotechnology, and sensor technology. Sensors are important tools because of their ability to figure out a potentially large number of analytical difficulties in various areas with different macromolecular targets. Proteins, enzymes, nucleic acids, antibodies, viruses and cells are defined as macromolecules that have wide range of functions are very important. Thus, macromolecules detection has gained great attention in concerning the improvement in most of the studies. The applications of macromolecule imprinted sensors will have a spacious exploration according to the low cost, high specificity and stability. In this review, macromolecules for molecularly imprinted sensor applications are structured according to the definition of molecular imprinting methods, developments in macromolecular imprinting methods, macromolecular imprinted sensors, and conclusions and future perspectives. This chapter follows the latter strategies and focuses on the applications of macromolecular imprinted sensors. This allows discussion on how sensor strategy is brought to solve the macromolecules imprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeşeren Saylan
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, Hacettepe University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Fatma Yilmaz
- Department of Chemistry Technology, Abant Izzet Baysal University, 14900 Bolu, Turkey.
| | - Erdoğan Özgür
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, Hacettepe University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ali Derazshamshir
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, Hacettepe University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Handan Yavuz
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, Hacettepe University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Adil Denizli
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, Hacettepe University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey.
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Saylan Y, Yılmaz F, Derazshamshir A, Yılmaz E, Denizli A. Synthesis of hydrophobic nanoparticles for real-time lysozyme detection using surface plasmon resonance sensor. J Mol Recognit 2017; 30. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yeşeren Saylan
- Department of Chemistry; Hacettepe University; Ankara Turkey
| | - Fatma Yılmaz
- Department of Chemistry Technology; Abant İzzet Baysal University; Bolu Turkey
| | | | - Erkut Yılmaz
- Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology; Aksaray University; Aksaray Turkey
| | - Adil Denizli
- Department of Chemistry; Hacettepe University; Ankara Turkey
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