Synthesis and characterization of processable heat resistant co-poly(ester-amide)s containing cyclopentylidene moiety

Recent Advances of Poly(ester amide)s-Based Biomaterials

Biodegradable and biocompatible biomaterials have offered much more opportunities from an engineering standpoint for treating diseases and maintaining health. Poly(ester amide)s (PEAs), as an outstanding family among such biomaterials, have risen overwhelmingly in the past decades. These synthetic polymers have easily and widely available raw materials and a diversity of synthetic approaches, which have attracted considerable attention. More importantly, combining the superiorities of polyamides and polyesters, PEAs have emerged with better functions. They could have improved biodegradability, biocompatibility, and cell-material interactions. The PEAs derived from α-amino acids even allow the introduction of pendant sites for further modification or functionalization. Meanwhile, it is gradually recognized that the chemical structures are closely related to the physiochemical and biological properties of PEAs so that their properties can be precisely controlled. PEAs therefore become significant materials in the biomedical fields. This review will attempt to summarize the recent progress in the development of PEAs with respect to the preparation materials and methods, structure-property relationships along with their latest biomedical accomplishments, especially for drug delivery and tissue engineering.

New soluble, transparent and heat-resistant poly(ether amide)s based on 10,10-bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)-3-methylphenyl]-9(10H)-anthrone

10,10-Bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)-3-methylphenyl]-9(10 H)-anthrone, as a new aromatic diamine, was synthesized from 9(10 H)-anthrone by three-step procedure. Low-temperature polycondensation of this diamine with various aromatic dicarboxylic acid dichlorides produced a series of new cardo poly(ether amide)s with moderate to high inherent viscosities of 0.86–1.43 dL g−1 while the weight-average and number-average molecular weights were in the range of 48,600–59,800 and 29,800–35,600 g mol−1, respectively. All the polymers were readily soluble in polar solvents such as N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), N, N-dimethylformamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, dimethyl sulfoxide, and pyridine, and afforded transparent, flexible, and strong films upon casting from DMAc solvent. These polymers had glass transition temperatures of 254–297°C, 10% weight loss temperatures of 493–505°C, and char yields of 61–64% at 800°C in nitrogen. All polymers were amorphous and their films exhibited tensile strength of 80.7–101.4 MPa, elongation at break of 8.0–12.8%, and tensile modulus of 1.9–2.6 GPa. These polymers had low moisture uptake in the range of 2.13–4.02% and high transparency with an ultraviolet–visible absorption cutoff wavelength in the 322–375 nm range.

Synthesis and characterization of new cardo poly(ether amide)s containing 9(10H)-anthrone units

A new aromatic diamine, 10,10-bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]-9(10 H)-anthrone (BAPA) has been synthesized from anthrone via three-step procedure. Direct phosphorylation polycondensation of BAPA with various aromatic dicarboxylic acids produced a series of cardo poly(ether amide)s with inherent viscosities of 0.97–1.29 dL g−1. All the polymers were readily soluble in polar solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), and pyridine at room temperature, and afforded transparent, strong, and flexible films upon casting from DMAc solvent. The resulting poly(ether amide)s had glass transition temperatures of 254–316°C, 10% weight loss temperatures of 495–524°C, and char yields of 55–70% at 800°C in nitrogen. These polymers were amorphous and their films exhibited tensile strengths of 81.6–104.7 MPa, tensile moduli of 1.8–2.4 GPa, and elongations at break of 8–15%.

High optical transparency, low dielectric constant, and light color of organosoluble polyamides based on 10,10-bis[4-(4- amino-3-trifluoromethylphenoxy)phenyl]- 9(10H)-anthrone

A new aromatic diamine, 10,10-bis[4-(4-amino-3-trifluoromethylphenoxy)phenyl]-9( 10H)-anthrone (BATFPA), has been synthesized from anthrone via three-step procedure. Low-temperature polycondensation of BATFPA with various aromatic dicarboxylic acid chlorides produced novel fluorinated polyamides with moderate to high inherent viscosities of 0.75–1.03 dL/g while the weight-average molecular weight and number-average molecular weight were in the range of 66,000–74,000 and 37,000–41,000, respectively. Nearly, all the polymers were readily soluble in polar solvents, such as N,N-dimethyl acetamide (DMAc), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, pyridine, and tetrahydrofuran, and afforded transparent, light-colored, and flexible films upon casting from DMAc solvent. These polymers had glass transition temperatures of 249–309°C, 10% weight loss temperatures of 486–517°C, and char yields of 53–61% at 800°C under nitrogen. All polymers were amorphous and their films exhibited tensile strengths of 64–86 MPa, tensile moduli of 1.8–2.2 GPa, and elongation at break of 10–18%. These polymers had dielectric constants ranging from 3.25 to 3.76 (100 Hz), low moisture uptake in the range of 0.72–1.18%, and high transparency with an ultraviolet–visible absorption cutoff wavelength in the 360–378 nm range.