1
|
Quy AS, Li X, Male L, Stankovic T, Agathanggelou A, Fossey JS. Aniline-containing derivatives of parthenolide: Synthesis and anti-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia activity. Tetrahedron 2020; 76:131631. [PMID: 33299257 PMCID: PMC7695678 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Parthenolide exhibits anti-leukaemia activity, whilst its synthetic modification to impart improve drug-like properties, including 1,4-conjugate addition of primary and secondary amines, have previously been used, 1,4-addition of aniline derivatives to parthenolide has not been fully explored. A protocol for such additions to parthenolide is outlined herein. Reaction conditions were determined using tulipane as a model Michael acceptor. Subsequently, aniline-containing parthenolide derivatives were prepared under the optimised conditions and single crystal X-ray diffraction structures were resolved for three of the compounds synthesised. The synthesised derivatives, along with compounds resulting from a side reaction, were tested for their in vitro anti-leukaemia activity using the chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) MEC1 cell line. Computational studies with the 2RAM protein structure suggested that the activity of the derivatives was independent of their in silico ability to dock with the Cys38 residue of NF-κB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex S. Quy
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Xingjian Li
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Louise Male
- X-Ray Crystallography Facility, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Tatjana Stankovic
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
| | - Angelo Agathanggelou
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
| | - John S. Fossey
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
|
3
|
Brittain WDG, Dalling AG, Sun Z, Duff CSL, Male L, Buckley BR, Fossey JS. Coetaneous catalytic kinetic resolution of alkynes and azides through asymmetric triazole formation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15086. [PMID: 31636274 PMCID: PMC6803658 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50940-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A non-enzymatic simultaneous (coined coetaneous) kinetic resolution of a racemic alkyne and racemic azide, utilising an asymmetric CuAAC reaction is reported. The use of a CuCl (R,R)-Ph-Pybox catalyst system effects a simultaneous kinetic resolution of two racemic starting materials to give one major triazolic diastereoisomer in the ratio 74:12:4:10 (dr 84:16, 90% ee maj). The corresponding control reaction using an achiral copper catalyst gives the four possible diastereoisomers in a 23:27:23:27 ratio, demonstrating minimal inherent substrate control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William D G Brittain
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Andrew G Dalling
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Zhenquan Sun
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, 135 Xingang Rd. W., Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Cécile S Le Duff
- NMR Facility, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, West Midlands, UK
| | - Louise Male
- X-Ray Crystallography Facility, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Benjamin R Buckley
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK.
| | - John S Fossey
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao Y, Wakeling MG, Meloni F, Sum TJ, van Nguyen H, Buckley BR, Davies PW, Fossey JS. Balancing Bulkiness in Gold(I) Phosphino-triazole Catalysis. European J Org Chem 2019; 2019:5540-5548. [PMID: 31598094 PMCID: PMC6774259 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The syntheses of a series of 1-phenyl-5-phosphino 1,2,3-triazoles are disclosed, within which, the phosphorus atom (at the 5-position of a triazole) is appended by one, two or three triazole motifs, and the valency of the phosphorus(III) atom is completed by two, one or zero ancillary (phenyl or cyclohexyl) groups respectively. This series of phosphines was compared with tricyclohexylphosphine and triphenylphosphine to study the effect of increasing the number of triazoles appended to the central phosphorus atom from zero to three triazoles. Gold(I) chloride complexes of the synthesised ligands were prepared and analysed by techniques including single-crystal X-ray diffraction structure determination. Gold(I) complexes were also prepared from 1-(2,6-dimethoxy)-phenyl-5-dicyclohexyl-phosphino 1,2,3-triazole and 1-(2,6-dimethoxy)-phenyl-5-diphenyl-phosphino 1,2,3-triazole ligands. The crystal structures thus obtained were examined using the SambVca (2.0) web tool and percentage buried volumes determined. The effectiveness of these gold(I) chloride complexes to serve as precatalysts for alkyne hydration were assessed. Furthermore, the regioselectivity of hydration of but-1-yne-1,4-diyldibenzene was probed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhao
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonB15 2TTBirminghamWest MidlandsUK
| | - Matthew G. Wakeling
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonB15 2TTBirminghamWest MidlandsUK
| | - Fernanda Meloni
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonB15 2TTBirminghamWest MidlandsUK
| | - Tze Jing Sum
- Department of ChemistryLoughborough UniversityLE11 3TULoughboroughLeicestershireUK
| | - Huy van Nguyen
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonB15 2TTBirminghamWest MidlandsUK
| | - Benjamin R. Buckley
- Department of ChemistryLoughborough UniversityLE11 3TULoughboroughLeicestershireUK
| | - Paul W. Davies
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonB15 2TTBirminghamWest MidlandsUK
| | - John S. Fossey
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonB15 2TTBirminghamWest MidlandsUK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li X, Payne DT, Ampolu B, Bland N, Brown JT, Dutton MJ, Fitton CA, Gulliver A, Hale L, Hamza D, Jones G, Lane R, Leach AG, Male L, Merisor EG, Morton MJ, Quy AS, Roberts R, Scarll R, Schulz-Utermoehl T, Stankovic T, Stevenson B, Fossey JS, Agathanggelou A. Derivatisation of parthenolide to address chemoresistant chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:1379-1390. [PMID: 32952998 PMCID: PMC7478165 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00297a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Parthenolide is a natural product that exhibits anti-leukaemic activity, however, its clinical use is limited by its poor bioavailability. It may be extracted from feverfew and protocols for growing, extracting and derivatising it are reported. A novel parthenolide derivative with good bioavailability and pharmacological properties was identified through a screening cascade based on in vitro anti-leukaemic activity and calculated "drug-likeness" properties, in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetics studies and hERG liability testing. In vitro studies showed the most promising derivative to have comparable anti-leukaemic activity to DMAPT, a previously described parthenolide derivative. The newly identified compound was shown to have pro-oxidant activity and in silico molecular docking studies indicate a prodrug mode of action. A synthesis scheme is presented for the production of amine 7 used in the generation of 5f.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingjian Li
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Daniel T Payne
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Badarinath Ampolu
- Sygnature Discovery, The Discovery Building, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham, NG1 1GR, UK
| | - Nicholas Bland
- Sygnature Discovery, The Discovery Building, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham, NG1 1GR, UK
| | - Jane T Brown
- Sygnature Discovery, The Discovery Building, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham, NG1 1GR, UK
| | - Mark J Dutton
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Catherine A Fitton
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Abigail Gulliver
- Winterbourne Botanic Garden, University of Birmingham, 58 Edgbaston Park Road, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2RT, UK
| | - Lee Hale
- Winterbourne Botanic Garden, University of Birmingham, 58 Edgbaston Park Road, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2RT, UK
| | - Daniel Hamza
- Sygnature Discovery, The Discovery Building, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham, NG1 1GR, UK
| | - Geraint Jones
- Sygnature Discovery, The Discovery Building, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham, NG1 1GR, UK
| | - Rebecca Lane
- Sygnature Discovery, The Discovery Building, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham, NG1 1GR, UK
| | - Andrew G Leach
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Louise Male
- X-Ray Crystallography Facility, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK
| | - Elena G Merisor
- Sygnature Discovery, The Discovery Building, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham, NG1 1GR, UK
| | - Michael J Morton
- ApconiX Ltd, Alderly Park, Nether Alderly, Cheshire, SK10 4TG, UK
| | - Alex S Quy
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Ruth Roberts
- ApconiX Ltd, Alderly Park, Nether Alderly, Cheshire, SK10 4TG, UK
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK
| | - Rosanna Scarll
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK.
| | | | - Tatjana Stankovic
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Brett Stevenson
- Sygnature Discovery, The Discovery Building, BioCity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham, NG1 1GR, UK
| | - John S Fossey
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Angelo Agathanggelou
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
|
7
|
Zhao Y, van Nguyen H, Male L, Craven P, Buckley BR, Fossey JS. Phosphino-Triazole Ligands for Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling. Organometallics 2018; 37:4224-4241. [PMID: 30524158 PMCID: PMC6265957 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Twelve 1,5-disubtituted and fourteen 5-substituted 1,2,3-triazole derivatives bearing diaryl or dialkyl phosphines at the 5-position were synthesized and used as ligands for palladium-catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions. Bulky substrates were tested, and lead-like product formation was demonstrated. The online tool SambVca2.0 was used to assess steric parameters of ligands and preliminary buried volume determination using XRD-obtained data in a small number of cases proved to be informative. Two modeling approaches were compared for the determination of the buried volume of ligands where XRD data was not available. An approach with imposed steric restrictions was found to be superior in leading to buried volume determinations that closely correlate with observed reaction conversions. The online tool LLAMA was used to determine lead-likeness of potential Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling products, from which 10 of the most lead-like were successfully synthesized. Thus, confirming these readily accessible triazole-containing phosphines as highly suitable ligands for reaction screening and optimization in drug discovery campaigns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhao
- School of Chemistry and X-ray Crystallography Facility, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Huy van Nguyen
- School of Chemistry and X-ray Crystallography Facility, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Male
- School of Chemistry and X-ray Crystallography Facility, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Philip Craven
- School of Chemistry and X-ray Crystallography Facility, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin R Buckley
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
| | - John S Fossey
- School of Chemistry and X-ray Crystallography Facility, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yoshizawa A, Feula A, Leach AG, Male L, Fossey JS. Palladium and Platinum 2,4- cis-amino Azetidine and Related Complexes. Front Chem 2018; 6:211. [PMID: 29977888 PMCID: PMC6021532 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven N,N'-palladium(II) chloride complexes, one N,N'-palladium(II) acetate complex of 2,4-cis-azetidines where prepared and analyzed by single crystal XRD. Two platinum(II) chloride N,N'-complexes of 2,4-cis-azetidines where prepared and analyzed by single crystal XRD. Computational analysis and determination of the %Vbur was examined conducted. A CNN' metallocyclic complex was prepared by oxidative addition of palladium(0) to an ortho bromo 2,4-cis-disubstituted azetidine and its crystal structure displays a slightly pyramidalized metal-ligand orientation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akina Yoshizawa
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Feula
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew G. Leach
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Male
- X-Ray Crystallography Facility, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - John S. Fossey
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yoshizawa A, Feula A, Male L, Leach AG, Fossey JS. Rigid and concave, 2,4-cis-substituted azetidine derivatives: A platform for asymmetric catalysis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6541. [PMID: 29695806 PMCID: PMC5916886 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24784-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of single enantiomer, 2,4-cis-disubstituted amino azetidines were synthesised and used as ligands for copper-catalysed Henry reactions of aldehydes with nitromethane. Optimisation of ligand substituents and the reaction conditions was conducted. The enantiomeric excess of the formed products was highest when alkyl aldehydes were employed in the reaction (>99% e.e.). The absolute stereochemistry of one representative azetidine derivative salt was determined by analysis of the Flack parameter of an XRD single crystal structure. The origin of selectivity in catalysis was investigated computationally, revealing the importance of the amino-substituent in determining the stereochemical outcome. A racemic platinum complex of a cis-disubstituted azetidine is examined by XRD single crystal structure analysis with reference to its steric parameters, and analogies to the computationally determined copper complex catalyst are drawn. A preliminary example of the use of a cis-disubstituted azetidine scaffold in thiourea H-bonding catalyst is noted in the supporting information.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akina Yoshizawa
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Antonio Feula
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Louise Male
- X-Ray Crystallography Facility, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Andrew G Leach
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK.
| | - John S Fossey
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhai W, Male L, Fossey JS. Glucose selective bis-boronic acid click-fluor. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 53:2218-2221. [PMID: 27904892 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc08534b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Four novel bis-boronic acid compounds were synthesised via copper catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions. Glucose selectivity was observed for a particular structural motif. Moreover, a new glucose selective fluorescent sensor was designed and synthesised as a result.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlei Zhai
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Louise Male
- X-Ray Crystallography Facility, School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, UK
| | - John S Fossey
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Brittain WDG, Chapin BM, Zhai W, Lynch VM, Buckley BR, Anslyn EV, Fossey JS. The Bull-James assembly as a chiral auxiliary and shift reagent in kinetic resolution of alkyne amines by the CuAAC reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 14:10778-10782. [PMID: 27604036 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01623e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The Bull-James boronic acid assembly is used simultaneously as a chiral auxiliary for kinetic resolution and as a chiral shift reagent for in situ enantiomeric excess (ee) determination by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Chiral terminal alkyne-containing amines, and their corresponding chiral triazoles formed via CuAAC, were probed in situ. Selectivity factors of up to s = 4 were imparted and measured, accurate to within ±3% when compared to chiral GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William D G Brittain
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK. and Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
| | - Brette M Chapin
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK. and Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
| | - Wenlei Zhai
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK. and Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
| | - Vincent M Lynch
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
| | - Benjamin R Buckley
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Eric V Anslyn
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
| | - John S Fossey
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, West Midlands B15 2TT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ge H, Riss PJ, Mirabello V, Calatayud DG, Flower SE, Arrowsmith RL, Fryer TD, Hong Y, Sawiak S, Jacobs RM, Botchway SW, Tyrrell RM, James TD, Fossey JS, Dilworth JR, Aigbirhio FI, Pascu SI. Behavior of Supramolecular Assemblies of Radiometal-Filled and Fluorescent Carbon Nanocapsules In Vitro and In Vivo. Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
13
|
Ethylenation of aldehydes to 3-propanal, propanol and propanoic acid derivatives. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1720. [PMID: 28496208 PMCID: PMC5431831 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01950-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Methodology has been developed for the synthesis of 3-propanaldehydes through a five-step process in 11–67% yield from aldehydes. Aldehydes were reacted with Meldrum’s acid through a Knoevenagel condensation to give materials that upon reduction with sodium borohydride and subsequent hydrolysis decarboxylation generated the corresponding 3-propanoic acid derivatives. The -propanoic acid derivatives were reduced to give 3-propanol derivatives, which were readily oxidised to target 3-propanal derivatives.
Collapse
|
14
|
Affiliation(s)
- William D. G. Brittain
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, West Midlands, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin R. Buckley
- Department
of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - John S. Fossey
- School
of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, West Midlands, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhai W, Chapin BM, Yoshizawa A, Wang HC, Hodge SA, James TD, Anslyn EV, Fossey JS. “Click-fluors”: triazole-linked saccharide sensors. Org Chem Front 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6qo00171h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of boronic acid-containing saccharide receptors was synthesised via copper catalysed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlei Zhai
- School of Chemistry
- University of Birmingham
- Birmingham
- UK
| | - Brette M. Chapin
- School of Chemistry
- University of Birmingham
- Birmingham
- UK
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
| | | | - Hui-Chen Wang
- School of Chemistry
- University of Birmingham
- Birmingham
- UK
| | | | | | - Eric V. Anslyn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- The University of Texas at Austin
- Austin
- USA
| | | |
Collapse
|