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Wang S, Wang H, Drabek A, Smith WS, Liang F, Huang ZR. Unleashing the Potential: Designing Antibody-Targeted Lipid Nanoparticles for Industrial Applications with CMC Considerations and Clinical Outlook. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:4-17. [PMID: 38117251 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Antibody-targeted lipid nanoparticles (Ab-LNPs) are rapidly gaining traction as multifaceted platforms in precision medicine, adept at delivering a diverse array of therapeutic agents, including nucleic acids and small molecules. This review provides an incisive overview of the latest developments in the field of Ab-LNP technology, with a special emphasis on pivotal design aspects such as antibody engineering, bioconjugation strategies, and advanced formulation techniques. Furthermore, it addresses critical chemistry, manufacturing, and controls (CMC) considerations and thoroughly examines the in vivo dynamics of Ab-LNPs, underscoring their promising potential for clinical application. By seamlessly blending scientific advancements with practical industrial perspectives, this review casts a spotlight on the burgeoning role of Ab-LNPs as an innovative and potent tool in the realm of targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheryl Wang
- Sanofi, Genomic Medicine Unit, 225 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Hong Wang
- Sanofi, Genomic Medicine Unit, 225 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Andrew Drabek
- Sanofi, Genomic Medicine Unit, 225 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Wenwen Sha Smith
- FUSION BioVenture, 15 Presidential Way, Woburn, Massachusetts 01801, United States
| | - Feng Liang
- Sanofi, Genomic Medicine Unit, 225 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
| | - Zhaohua Richard Huang
- Sanofi, Genomic Medicine Unit, 225 Second Avenue, Waltham, Massachusetts 02451, United States
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Skóra B, Piechowiak T, Szychowski KA. Epidermal growth factor-labeled liposomes as a way to target the toxicity of silver nanoparticles into EGFR-overexpressing cancer cells in vitro. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 443:116009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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3
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Mirzavi F, Barati M, Soleimani A, Vakili-Ghartavol R, Jaafari MR, Soukhtanloo M. A review on liposome-based therapeutic approaches against malignant melanoma. Int J Pharm 2021; 599:120413. [PMID: 33667562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is a highly aggressive form of skin cancer with a very poor prognosis and excessive resistance to current conventional treatments. Recently, the application of the liposomal delivery system in the management of skin melanoma has been widely investigated. Liposomal nanocarriers are biocompatible and less toxic to host cells, enabling the efficient and safe delivery of different therapeutic agents into the tumor site and further promoting their antitumor activities. Therefore, the liposomal delivery system effectively increases the success of current melanoma therapies and overcomes resistance. In this review, we present an overview of liposome-based targeted drug delivery methods and highlight recent advances towards the development of liposome-based carriers for therapeutic genes. We also discuss the new insights regarding the efficacy and clinical significance of combinatorial treatment of liposomal formulations with immunotherapy and conventional therapies in melanoma patients for a better understanding and successfully managing cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Mirzavi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehdi Barati
- Department of Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Anvar Soleimani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Roghayyeh Vakili-Ghartavol
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Jaafari
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Soukhtanloo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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4
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Mishra RK, Ahmad A, Vyawahare A, Kumar A, Khan R. Understanding the Monoclonal Antibody Involvement in Targeting the Activation of Tumor Suppressor Genes. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 20:1810-1823. [DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200616133814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have always provided outstanding therapeutic arsenal in the
treatment of cancer, be it hematological malignancies or solid tumors. Monoclonal antibodies mediated
targeting of cancer genes in general and tumor-suppressor genes, in particular, have appreciably allowed
the possibilities of trafficking these antibodies to specific tumor mechanisms and aim for the pin-point
maneuvered tumor treatment strategies. The conventional cancer treatment options are associated with
enormous limitations like drug resistance, acute and pan-toxic side effects and collateral damage to other
unrelated cells and organs. Therefore, monoclonal antibody-mediated treatments have some special advantages
of specific targeting of cancer-related genes and minimizing the off-target side effects. A large
number of monoclonal antibody-mediated treatment regimen viz. use of immunoconjugates, clinically
targeting TGFβ with pan-TGFβ monoclonal antibodies, p53 by its monoclonal antibodies and EGFRtargeted
monoclonal antibodies, etc. have been observed in the recent past. In this review, the authors
have discussed some of the significant advances in the context of targeting tumor suppressor genes with
monoclonal antibodies. Approximately 250 articles were scanned from research databases like PubMed
central, Europe PubMed Central and google scholar up to the date of inception, and relevant reports on
monoclonal antibody-mediated targeting of cancer genes were selected. mAb mediated targeting of tumor
suppressor genes is a recent grey paradigm, which has not been explored up to its maximum potential.
Therefore, this review will be of appreciable significance that it will boost further in-depth understanding
of various aspects of mAb arbitrated cancer targeting and will warrant and promote further rigorous
research initiatives in this regard. The authors expect that this review will acquaint the readers
with the current status regarding the recent progress in the domain of mAbs and their employability and
targetability towards tumor suppressor genes in anti-cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Nano-Therapeutics, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Phase 10, Sector 64, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Anas Ahmad
- Department of Nano-Therapeutics, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Phase 10, Sector 64, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Akshay Vyawahare
- Department of Nano-Therapeutics, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Phase 10, Sector 64, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Nano-Therapeutics, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Phase 10, Sector 64, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
| | - Rehan Khan
- Department of Nano-Therapeutics, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Habitat Centre, Phase 10, Sector 64, Mohali, Punjab 160062, India
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Akbarzadeh Khiavi M, Safary A, Barar J, Ajoolabady A, Somi MH, Omidi Y. Multifunctional nanomedicines for targeting epidermal growth factor receptor in colorectal cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:997-1019. [PMID: 31563999 PMCID: PMC11104811 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03305-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Systemic administration of chemotherapeutics by nanocarriers (NCs) functionalized with targeting agents provides a localized accumulation of drugs in the target tissues and cells. Advanced nanoscaled medicaments can enter into the tumor microenvironment (TME) and overcome the uniquely dysregulated biological settings of TME, including highly pressurized tumor interstitial fluid in an acidic milieu. Such multimodal nanomedicines seem to be one of the most effective treatment modalities against solid tumors such as colorectal cancer (CRC). To progress and invade, cancer cells overexpress various oncogenes and molecular markers such as epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs), which can be exploited for targeted delivery of nanoscaled drug delivery systems (DDSs). In fact, to develop effective personalized multimodal nanomedicines, the type of solid tumor and status of the disease in each patient should be taken into consideration. While the development of such multimodal-targeted nanomedicines is largely dependent on the expression level of oncomarkers, the type of NCs and homing/imaging agents play key roles in terms of their efficient applications. In this review, we provide deep insights into the development of EGFR-targeting nanomedicines and discuss various types of nanoscale DDSs (e.g., organic and inorganic nanoparticles) for targeting of the EGFR-positive solid tumors such as CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Akbarzadeh Khiavi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51656-65811, Iran
| | - Azam Safary
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51656-65811, Iran
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jaleh Barar
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51656-65811, Iran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Ajoolabady
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51656-65811, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Somi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51656-65811, Iran.
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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6
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Surface engineering of nanomaterials with phospholipid-polyethylene glycol-derived functional conjugates for molecular imaging and targeted therapy. Biomaterials 2019; 230:119646. [PMID: 31787335 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, phospholipid-polyethylene glycol-derived functional conjugates have been widely employed to decorate different nanomaterials, due to their excellent biocompatibility, long blood circulation characteristics, and specific targeting capability. Numerous in vivo studies have demonstrated that nanomedicines peripherally engineered with phospholipid-polyethylene glycol-derived functional conjugates show significantly increased selective and efficient internalization by target cells/tissues. Targeting moieties including small-molecule ligands, peptides, proteins, and antibodies are generally conjugated onto PEGylated phospholipids to decorate liposomes, micelles, hybrid nanoparticles, nanocomplexes, and nanoemulsions for targeted delivery of diagnostic and therapeutic agents to diseased sites. In this review, the synthesis methods of phospholipid-polyethylene glycol-derived functional conjugates, biophysicochemical properties of nanomedicines decorated with these conjugates, factors dominating their targeting efficiency, as well as their applications for in vivo molecular imaging and targeted therapy were summarized and discussed.
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7
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Akbarzadeh Khiavi M, Safary A, Somi MH. Recent advances in targeted therapy of colorectal cancer: impacts of monoclonal antibodies nanoconjugates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 9:123-127. [PMID: 31508327 PMCID: PMC6726747 DOI: 10.15171/bi.2019.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite rapid advances in diagnostic and treatment approaches, the overall survival rate of cancer has not been improved. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is recognized as the third leading cause of neoplasm-related deaths worldwide, in large part due to its considerable metastasis and drug resistance. For developing new anticancer strategies, rapid progression of multimodal nanomedicines and nanoconjugates has provided promising treatment modalities for effective therapy of cancer. The limitations of cancer chemotherapy might be overcome through the use of such nanosized therapeutics, including nanoconjugates of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) along with drugs and organic/inorganic nanoparticles. CRC cells express various molecular markers against which mAbs can be designed and used as targeting/therapeutic agents. This editorial highlights the importance of such targeted nanosystems against CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Akbarzadeh Khiavi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51656-65811, Iran
| | - Azam Safary
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 51656-65811, Iran.,Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Somi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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8
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Hu Y, Liu C, Muyldermans S. Nanobody-Based Delivery Systems for Diagnosis and Targeted Tumor Therapy. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1442. [PMID: 29163515 PMCID: PMC5673844 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of innovative targeted therapeutic approaches are expected to surpass the efficacy of current forms of treatments and cause less damage to healthy cells surrounding the tumor site. Since the first development of targeting agents from hybridoma’s, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been employed to inhibit tumor growth and proliferation directly or to deliver effector molecules to tumor cells. However, the full potential of such a delivery strategy is hampered by the size of mAbs, which will obstruct the targeted delivery system to access the tumor tissue. By serendipity, a new kind of functional homodimeric antibody format was discovered in camelidae, known as heavy-chain antibodies (HCAbs). The cloning of the variable domain of HCAbs produces an attractive minimal-sized alternative for mAbs, referred to as VHH or nanobodies (Nbs). Apart from their dimensions in the single digit nanometer range, the unique characteristics of Nbs combine a high stability and solubility, low immunogenicity and excellent affinity and specificity against all possible targets including tumor markers. This stimulated the development of tumor-targeted therapeutic strategies. Some autonomous Nbs have been shown to act as antagonistic drugs, but more importantly, the targeting capacity of Nbs has been exploited to create drug delivery systems. Obviously, Nb-based targeted cancer therapy is mainly focused toward extracellular tumor markers, since the membrane barrier prevents antibodies to reach the most promising intracellular tumor markers. Potential strategies, such as lentiviral vectors and bacterial type 3 secretion system, are proposed to deliver target-specific Nbs into tumor cells and to block tumor markers intracellularly. Simultaneously, Nbs have also been employed for in vivo molecular imaging to diagnose diseased tissues and to monitor the treatment effects. Here, we review the state of the art and focus on recent developments with Nbs as targeting moieties for drug delivery systems in cancer therapy and cancer imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaozhong Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Changxiao Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, China
| | - Serge Muyldermans
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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Mondal G, Almawash S, Chaudhary AK, Mahato RI. EGFR-Targeted Cationic Polymeric Mixed Micelles for Codelivery of Gemcitabine and miR-205 for Treating Advanced Pancreatic Cancer. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:3121-3133. [PMID: 28719220 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Gemcitabine (GEM), a first-line chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer undergoes rapid metabolism and develops chemoresistance after repeated administration. We previously demonstrated that the combination of GEM and miR-205 provides an effective therapeutic strategy to sensitize GEM-resistant pancreatic cancer cells. Since epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer cells, in this study, we aimed to deliver mixed micelles containing GEM and miR-205 decorated with EGFR-targeting cetuximab (C225) monoclonal antibody for targeted therapy. Cetuximab C225 was conjugated to malemido-poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(2-methyl-2-carboxyl-propylene carbonate-graft-dodecanol (C225-PEG-PCD) to prepare mixed micelles with mPEG-b-PCC-g-GEM-g-DC-g-TEPA for targeted codelivery of GEM and miR-205. This mixed micelle formulation showed a significant enhancement in EGFR-mediated cellular uptake in GEM-resistant MIA PaCa-2R cells. Further, an enhanced tumor accumulation of C225-micelles conjugated with near-infrared fluorescent Cy7.5 dye and Dy677-labeled miR-205 in orthotopic pancreatic tumor bearing NSG mice was evident after systemic administration. In addition, inhibition of tumor growth was also observed with increased apoptosis and reduced EMT after treatment with C225-micelles containing GEM and miR-205. Therefore, we believe that the targeted delivery of GEM and miR-205 in combination could be a novel strategy for treating advanced pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goutam Mondal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Saud Almawash
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Amit Kumar Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Ram I Mahato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
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Vázquez-Becerra H, Pérez-Cárdenas E, Muñiz-Hernández S, Izquierdo-Sánchez V, Medina LA. Characterization and in vitro evaluation of nimotuzumab conjugated with cisplatin-loaded liposomes. J Liposome Res 2016; 27:274-282. [PMID: 27367153 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2016.1207665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we report the conjugation of the humanized monoclonal antibody nimotuzumab with cisplatin-loaded liposomes and the in vitro evaluation of its affinity for tumor cells. The conjugation procedure was performed through derivatization of nimotuzumab with N-succinimidyl S-acetylthioacetate (SATA) followed by a covalent attachment with maleimide groups at the end of PEG-DSPE chains located at the membrane of pre-formed liposomes. Confocal microscopy was performed to evaluate the immunoliposome affinity for EGFR antigens from human epidermoid carcinoma (A-431) and normal lung (MRC-5) cell lines. Results showed that the procedures implemented in this work do not affect the capability of the nimotuzumab-immunoliposomes to recognize the tumor cells, which overexpress the EGFR antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Vázquez-Becerra
- a Posgrado en Ciencias Químicas , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Ciudad de México , México
| | - Enrique Pérez-Cárdenas
- b Subdirección de Investigación Básica , Instituto Nacional de Cancerología , Ciudad de México , México
| | - Saé Muñiz-Hernández
- b Subdirección de Investigación Básica , Instituto Nacional de Cancerología , Ciudad de México , México
| | - Vanessa Izquierdo-Sánchez
- c Posgrado de Investigación en Medicina , Instituto Politécnico Nacional , Ciudad de México , México
| | - Luis Alberto Medina
- d Instituto de Física , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , Ciudad de México , México , and.,e Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer INCan-UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología , Ciudad de México , México
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Shargh VH, Hondermarck H, Liang M. Antibody-targeted biodegradable nanoparticles for cancer therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:63-79. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of nanotechnology has great potentials to revolutionize the future cancer diagnosis and therapy. In this context, various nanoparticles (NPs) have been developed for targeted delivery of diagnostic/therapeutic agents to the tumor sites, which thus result in greater efficacy and much less side effects. The targeting property of NPs is often achieved by functionalizing their surface with tumor-specific ligands, such as antibodies, peptides, small molecules and oligonucleotides. In this review, we will discuss recent progress in the multifunctional design of antibody-targeted NPs with a special focus on liposomal, polymeric and protein-based delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Heravi Shargh
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, Faculty of Health & Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Hubert Hondermarck
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, Faculty of Health & Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Mingtao Liang
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, Faculty of Health & Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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Niesen J, Stein C, Brehm H, Hehmann-Titt G, Fendel R, Melmer G, Fischer R, Barth S. Novel EGFR-specific immunotoxins based on panitumumab and cetuximab show in vitro and ex vivo activity against different tumor entities. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2015; 141:2079-95. [PMID: 25899161 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-015-1975-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in many solid tumors. EGFR-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), such as cetuximab and panitumumab, have been approved for the treatment of colorectal and head and neck cancer. To increase tissue penetration, we constructed single-chain fragment variable (scFv) antibodies derived from these mAbs and evaluated their potential for targeted cancer therapy. The resulting scFv-based EGFR-specific immunotoxins (ITs) combine target specificity of the full-size mAb with the cell-killing activity of a toxic effector domain, a truncated version of Pseudomonas exotoxin A (ETA'). METHODS The ITs and corresponding imaging probes were tested in vitro against four solid tumor entities (rhabdomyosarcoma, breast, prostate and pancreatic cancer). Specific binding and internalization of the ITs scFv2112-ETA' (from cetuximab) and scFv1711-ETA' (from panitumumab) were demonstrated by flow cytometry and for the scFv-SNAP-tag imaging probes by live cell imaging. Cytotoxic potential of the ITs was analyzed in cell viability and apoptosis assays. Binding of the ITs was proofed ex vivo on rhabdomyosarcoma, prostate and breast cancer formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsies. RESULTS Both novel ITs showed significant pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects toward the target cells, achieving IC50 values of 4 pM (high EGFR expression) to 460 pM (moderate EGFR expression). Additionally, rapid internalization and specific in vitro and ex vivo binding on patient tissue were confirmed. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate the potent therapeutic activity of two novel EGFR-specific ETA'-based ITs. Both molecules are promising candidates for further development toward clinical use in the treatment of various solid tumors to supplement the existing therapeutic regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Niesen
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Forckenbeckstrasse 6, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Christoph Stein
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Forckenbeckstrasse 6, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapy, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, Germany
| | - Hannes Brehm
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapy, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Rolf Fendel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Forckenbeckstrasse 6, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapy, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Rainer Fischer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Forckenbeckstrasse 6, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (Biology VII), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Barth
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Forckenbeckstrasse 6, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapy, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Clinic, Aachen, Germany
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Li W, Liu Z, Li C, Li N, Fang L, Chang J, Tan J. Radionuclide therapy using 131I-labeled anti-epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted nanoparticles suppresses cancer cell growth caused by EGFR overexpression. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2015; 142:619-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-015-2067-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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14
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Kijanka M, Dorresteijn B, Oliveira S, van Bergen en Henegouwen PMP. Nanobody-based cancer therapy of solid tumors. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 10:161-74. [PMID: 25597775 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.14.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of tumor-targeted therapies using monoclonal antibodies has been successful during the last 30 years. Nevertheless, the efficacy of antibody-based therapy is still limited and further improvements are eagerly awaited. One of the promising novel developments that may overcome the drawbacks of monoclonal antibody-based therapies is the employment of nanobodies. Current nanobody-based therapeutics can be divided into three different platforms with nanobodies functioning as: receptor antagonists; targeting moieties of effector domains; or targeting molecules on the surface of nanoparticles. In this article, we describe factors that affect their performance at three different stages: their systemic circulation upon intravenous injection; their extravasation and tumor penetration; and, finally, their interaction with target molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Kijanka
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
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15
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Chen L, She X, Wang T, He L, Shigdar S, Duan W, Kong L. Overcoming acquired drug resistance in colorectal cancer cells by targeted delivery of 5-FU with EGF grafted hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:14080-92. [PMID: 26242620 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr03527a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Acquired drug resistance (ADR) can be developed in colorectal cancer cells after 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment and diminish the effectiveness of chemotherapy. In this work, acquired 5-FU resistance in the colorectal cancer cell line SW480 was obtained with the up-regulation of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) gene expression which can convert 5-FU to its inactive metabolite. To overcome ADR in colorectal cancer, hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSNs) grafted with epidermal growth factor (EGF) were used as nanocarriers to deliver 5-FU to colorectal cancer cells with acquired drug resistance. The effect and mechanism of 5-FU loaded EGF grafted HMSNs (EGF-HMSNs-5-FU) in overcoming acquired drug resistance in SW480/ADR cells were studied. The EGF-HMSNs were demonstrated to be specifically internalized in EGFR overexpressed SW480/ADR cells via a receptor-mediated endocytosis and can escape from endo-lysosomes. The EGF-HMSNs-5-FU exhibited much higher cytotoxicity on SW480/ADR cells than HMSNs-5-FU and free 5-FU while the plain HMSNs did not show significant cytotoxicity. The mechanism of EGF-HMSNs-5-FU in overcoming drug resistance in SW480/ADR cells could be attributed to the specific internalization of EGF-HMSNs-5-FU in EGFR overexpressed cells which can lead to high intracellular drug accumulation and cause cell death through S phase arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijue Chen
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia.
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16
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Weijer R, Broekgaarden M, Kos M, van Vught R, Rauws EA, Breukink E, van Gulik TM, Storm G, Heger M. Enhancing photodynamic therapy of refractory solid cancers: Combining second-generation photosensitizers with multi-targeted liposomal delivery. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C-PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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17
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Khondee S, Rabinsky EF, Owens SR, Joshi BP, Qiu Z, Duan X, Zhao L, Wang TD. Targeted therapy of colorectal neoplasia with rapamycin in peptide-labeled pegylated octadecyl lithocholate micelles. J Control Release 2015; 199:114-21. [PMID: 25483425 PMCID: PMC4308466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Many powerful drugs have limited clinical utility because of poor water solubility and high systemic toxicity. Here, we formulated a targeted nanomedicine, rapamycin encapsulated in pegylated octadecyl lithocholate micelles labeled with a new ligand for colorectal neoplasia, LTTHYKL peptide. CPC;Apc mice that spontaneously develop colonic adenomas were treated with free rapamycin, plain rapamycin micelles, and peptide-labeled rapamycin micelles via intraperitoneal injection for 35days. Endoscopy was performed to monitor adenoma regression in vivo. We observed complete adenoma regression at the end of therapy. The mean regression rate for peptide-labeled rapamycin micelles was significantly greater than that for plain rapamycin micelles, P<0.01. On immunohistochemistry, we observed a significant reduction in phospho-S6 but not β-catenin expression and reduced tumor cell proliferation, suggesting greater inhibition of downstream mTOR signaling. We observed significantly reduced renal toxicity for peptide-labeled rapamycin micelles compared to that of free drug, and no other toxicities were found on chemistries. Together, this unique targeted micelle represents a potential therapeutic for colorectal neoplasia with comparable therapeutic efficacy to rapamycin free drug and significantly less systemic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supang Khondee
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Emily F Rabinsky
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Scott R Owens
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Bishnu P Joshi
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zhen Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xiyu Duan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lili Zhao
- Department of Statistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Thomas D Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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18
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Limasale YDP, Tezcaner A, Özen C, Keskin D, Banerjee S. Epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted immunoliposomes for delivery of celecoxib to cancer cells. Int J Pharm 2015; 479:364-73. [PMID: 25595386 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is highly expressed in many different cancers. Therefore, the inhibition of the COX-2 pathway by a selective COX-2 inhibitor, celecoxib (CLX), may be an alternative strategy for cancer prevention and therapy. Liposomal drug delivery systems can be used to increase the therapeutic efficacy of CLX while minimizing its side effects. Previous studies have reported the encapsulation of CLX within the non-targeted long circulating liposomes and functional effect of these formulations against colorectal cancer cell lines. However, the selectivity and internalization of CLX-loaded liposomes can further be improved by grafting targeting ligands on their surface. Cetuximab (anti-epidermal growth factor receptor - EGFR - monoclonal antibody) is a promising targeting ligand since EGFR is highly expressed in a wide range of solid tumors. The aim of this study was to develop EGFR-targeted immunoliposomes for enhancing the delivery of CLX to cancer cells and to evaluate the functional effects of these liposomes in cancer cell lines. EGFR-targeted ILs, having an average size of 120nm, could encapsulate 40% of the CLX, while providing a sustained drug release profile. Cell association studies have also shown that the immunoliposome uptake was higher in EGFR-overexpressing cells compared to the non-targeted liposomes. In addition, the CLX-loaded-anti-EGFR immunoliposomes were significantly more toxic compared to the non-targeted ones in cancer cells with EGFR-overexpression but not in the cells with low EGFR expression, regardless of their COX-2 expression status. Thus, selective targeting of CLX with anti-EGFR immunoliposomes appears to be a promising strategy for therapy of tumors that overexpress EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ayşen Tezcaner
- Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; BIOMATEN, Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Can Özen
- Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; BIOMATEN, Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Dilek Keskin
- Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; Department of Engineering Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; BIOMATEN, Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Sreeparna Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey; Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara 06800, Turkey.
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19
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Di Meo C, Cilurzo F, Licciardi M, Scialabba C, Sabia R, Paolino D, Capitani D, Fresta M, Giammona G, Villani C, Matricardi P. Polyaspartamide-doxorubicin conjugate as potential prodrug for anticancer therapy. Pharm Res 2014; 32:1557-69. [PMID: 25366547 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-014-1557-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To synthesize a new polymeric prodrug based on α,β-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)(2-aminoethylcarbamate)-d,l-aspartamide copolymer bearing amine groups in the side chain (PHEA-EDA), covalently linked to the anticancer drug doxorubicin and to test its potential application in anticancer therapy. METHODS The drug was previously derivatized with a biocompatible and hydrophilic linker, leading to a doxorubicin derivative highly reactive with amino groups of PHEA-EDA. The PHEA-EDA-DOXO prodrug was characterized in terms of chemical stability. The pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and cytotoxicity of the product was investigated in vitro and in vivo on human breast cancer MCF-7 and T47D cell lines and NOD-SCID mice bearing a MCF-7 human breast carcinoma xenograft. Data collected were compared to those obtained using free doxorubicin. RESULTS The final polymeric product is water soluble and easily hydrolysable in vivo, due to the presence of ester and amide bonds along the spacer between the drug and the polymeric backbone. In vitro tests showed a retarded cytotoxic effect on tumor cells, whereas a significant improvement of the in vivo antitumor activity of PHEA-EDA-DOXO and a survival advantage of the treated NOD-SCID mice was evidenced, compared to that of free doxorubicin. CONCLUSIONS The features of the PHEA-EDA-DOXO provide a potential protection of the drug from the plasmatic enzymatic degradation and clearance, an improvement of the blood pharmacokinetic parameters and a suitable body biodistribution. The data collected support the promising rationale of the proposed macromolecular prodrug PHEA-EDA-DOXO for further potential development and application in the treatment of solid cancer diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Di Meo
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, "Sapienza" University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
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20
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Oliveira S, Heukers R, Sornkom J, Kok RJ, van Bergen en Henegouwen PM. Targeting tumors with nanobodies for cancer imaging and therapy. J Control Release 2013; 172:607-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2013.08.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Revised: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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21
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Collagen based magnetic nanobiocomposite as MRI contrast agent and for targeted delivery in cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2013; 1830:4628-33. [PMID: 23707714 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Cohen G, Lecht S, Oron-Herman M, Momic T, Nissan A, Lazarovici P. Near infrared optical visualization of epidermal growth factor receptors levels in COLO205 colorectal cell line, orthotopic tumor in mice and human biopsies. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:14669-88. [PMID: 23857061 PMCID: PMC3742266 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140714669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we present the applicability of imaging epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor levels in preclinical models of COLO205 carcinoma cells in vitro, mice with orthotopic tumors and ex vivo colorectal tumor biopsies, using EGF-labeled with IRDye800CW (EGF-NIR). The near infrared (NIR) bio-imaging of COLO205 cultures indicated specific and selective binding, reflecting EGF receptors levels. In vivo imaging of tumors in mice showed that the highest signal/background ratio between tumor and adjacent tissue was achieved 48 hours post-injection. Dissected colorectal cancer tissues from different patients demonstrated ex vivo specific imaging using the NIR bio-imaging platform of the heterogeneous distributed EGF receptors. Moreover, in the adjacent gastrointestinal tissue of the same patients, which by Western blotting was demonstrated as EGF receptor negative, no labeling with EGF-NIR probe was detected. Present results support the concept of tumor imaging by measuring EGF receptor levels using EGF-NIR probe. This platform is advantageous for EGF receptor bio-imaging of the NCI-60 recommended panel of tumor cell lines including 6-9 colorectal cell lines, since it avoids radioactive probes and is appropriate for use in the clinical setting using NIR technologies in a real-time manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gadi Cohen
- School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; E-Mails: (G.C.); (S.L.); (T.M.)
| | - Shimon Lecht
- School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; E-Mails: (G.C.); (S.L.); (T.M.)
| | - Mor Oron-Herman
- Advanced Technology Center, the Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer 52621, Israel; E-Mail:
| | - Tatjana Momic
- School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; E-Mails: (G.C.); (S.L.); (T.M.)
| | - Aviram Nissan
- Department of Surgery, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 24035, Israel; E-Mail:
| | - Philip Lazarovici
- School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; E-Mails: (G.C.); (S.L.); (T.M.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +972-2-675-8729; Fax: +972-2-675-7490
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23
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Han CY, Yue LL, Tai LY, Zhou L, Li XY, Xing GH, Yang XG, Sun MS, Pan WS. A novel small peptide as an epidermal growth factor receptor targeting ligand for nanodelivery in vitro. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:1541-9. [PMID: 23626467 PMCID: PMC3632632 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s43627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) serves an important function in the proliferation of tumors in humans and is an effective target for the treatment of cancer. In this paper, we studied the targeting characteristics of small peptides (AEYLR, EYINQ, and PDYQQD) that were derived from three major autophosphorylation sites of the EGFR C-terminus domain in vitro. These small peptides were labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and used the peptide LARLLT as a positive control, which bound to putative EGFR selected from a virtual peptide library by computer-aided design, and the independent peptide RALEL as a negative control. Analyses with flow cytometry and an internalization assay using NCI-H1299 and K562 with high EGFR and no EGFR expression, respectively, indicated that FITC-AEYLR had high EGFR targeting activity. Biotin-AEYLR that was specifically bound to human EGFR proteins demonstrated a high affinity for human non-small-cell lung tumors. We found that AEYLR peptide-conjugated, nanostructured lipid carriers enhanced specific cellular uptake in vitro during a process that was apparently mediated by tumor cells with high-expression EGFR. Analysis of the MTT assay indicated that the AEYLR peptide did not significantly stimulate or inhibit the growth activity of the cells. These findings suggest that, when mediated by EGFR, AEYLR may be a potentially safe and efficient delivery ligand for targeted chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-yan Han
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
Antibodies are one of the most commonly used targeting ligands for nanocarriers, mainly because they are specific, have a strong binding affinity, and are available for a number of disease biomarkers. The bioconjugation chemistry can be a crucial factor in determining the targeting efficiency of drug delivery and should be chosen on a case-by-case basis. An antibody consists of a number of functional groups which offer many flexible options for bioconjugation. This chapter focuses on discussing some of the approaches including periodate oxidation, carbodiimide, maleimide, and heterofunctional linkers, for conjugating antibodies to different nanocarriers. The advantages and limitations are described herein. Specific examples are selected to demonstrate the experimental procedures and to illustrate the potential for applying to other nanocarrier system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Wagh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nursing and Allied Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
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25
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Rizvi I, Dinh TA, Yu W, Chang Y, Sherwood ME, Hasan T. Photoimmunotherapy and irradiance modulation reduce chemotherapy cycles and toxicity in a murine model for ovarian carcinomatosis: perspective and results. Isr J Chem 2012; 52:776-787. [PMID: 23626376 PMCID: PMC3634612 DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201200016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Significant toxicities from multiple cycles of chemotherapy often cause delays or early termination of treatment, leading to poor outcomes in ovarian cancer patients. Complementary modalities that potentiate the efficacy of traditional agents with fewer cycles and less toxicity are needed. Photodynamic therapy is a mechanistically-distinct modality that synergizes with chemo and biologic agents. A combination regimen with a clinically relevant chemotherapy cocktail (cisplatin + paclitaxel) and anti-EGFR targeted photoimmunotherapy (PIT) is evaluated in a murine model for ovarian carcinomatosis. Mice received either 1 or 2 chemotherapy cycles followed by PIT with a chlorine6-Erbitux photoimmunoconjugate and 25 J/cm2 light. PIT + 1 cycle of chemotherapy significantly reduced tumor burden, comparable to multiple chemotherapy cycles. Relative to 1 cycle of chemotherapy, the addition of PIT did not cause significant mouse weight loss, whereas 2 cycles of chemotherapy led to a significant reduction in weight. Irradiance-dependence on PIT efficacy was a function of the conjugation chemistry, providing an additional variable for optimization of PIT outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Rizvi
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tri A. Dinh
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Gillette Center for Gynecologic Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Weiping Yu
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yuchiao Chang
- General Medicine Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Margaret E. Sherwood
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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26
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Antinuclear antibodies with nucleosome-restricted specificity for targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic agents. Ther Deliv 2012; 1:257-72. [PMID: 22816132 DOI: 10.4155/tde.10.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating antinuclear autoantibodies (ANAs) are well known to accompany various pathological conditions and can be artificially induced by immunization. Research and clinical data permit us to hypothesize a definite connection between cancer and ANAs. Based on the available data, my group's research suggested that exogenous ANAs may be used as anticancer therapeutics. Among these ANAs, nucleosome-specific ANAs may be particularly useful. Advances in cancer immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies re-emphasized the role of humoral immunity in neoplasia control. The development of a universal antibody targeting diverse cancers is of clear importance. We showed that certain natural ANAs recognize the surface of numerous tumor cells but not normal cells via cell surface-bound nucleosomes originating from the apoptotically dying neighboring tumor cells, mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity of tumor cells in vitro and inhibit the development of murine tumor in syngeneic mice. A single monoclonal antinuclear nucleosome-specific autoantibody, mAb 2C5, specifically recognizes multiple unrelated human tumor cell lines and accumulates at a high tumor-to-normal cell ratio in various human tumors in nude mice. Immunotherapy with mAb 2C5 resulted in significant suppression of the growth of several human tumors. In addition, mAb 2C5, when used in subtherapeutic quantities, can serve as a highly efficient specific ligand to target various drug- or diagnostic agent-loaded pharmaceutical nanocarriers, such as liposomes and polymeric micelles, to various tumors. Here, the data (accumulated predominantly in our laboratory over several years) on mAb 2C5-mediated tumor targeting of chemotherapeutic agents is reviewed.
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Nedergaard MK, Hedegaard CJ, Poulsen HS. Targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor in solid tumor malignancies. BioDrugs 2012; 26:83-99. [PMID: 22385404 DOI: 10.2165/11599760-000000000-00000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is over-expressed, as well as mutated, in many types of cancers. In particular, the EGFR variant type III mutant (EGFRvIII) has attracted much attention as it is frequently and exclusively found on many tumor cells, and hence both EGFR and EGFRvIII have been proposed as valid targets in many cancer therapy settings. Different strategies have been developed in order to either inhibit EGFR/EGFRvIII activity or to ablate EGFR/EGFRvIII-positive tumor cells. Drugs that inhibit these receptors include monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that bind to the extracellular part of EGFR, blocking the binding sites for the EGFR ligands, and intracellular tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that block the ATP binding site of the tyrosine kinase domain. Besides an EGFRvIII-targeted vaccine, conjugated anti-EGFR mAbs have been used in different settings to deliver lethal agents to the EGFR/EGFRvIII-positive cells; among these are radio-labelled mAbs and immunotoxins. This article reviews the current status and efficacy of EGFR/EGFRvIII-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette K Nedergaard
- Department of Radiation Biology, Finsencenter, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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28
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Mamot C, Ritschard R, Wicki A, Küng W, Schuller J, Herrmann R, Rochlitz C. Immunoliposomal delivery of doxorubicin can overcome multidrug resistance mechanisms in EGFR-overexpressing tumor cells. J Drug Target 2012; 20:422-32. [DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2012.680960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Li P, Wang Y, Zeng F, Chen L, Peng Z, Kong LX. Synthesis and characterization of folate conjugated chitosan and cellular uptake of its nanoparticles in HT-29 cells. Carbohydr Res 2011; 346:801-6. [PMID: 21397214 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2011.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2010] [Revised: 01/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Folate-chitosan (FA-CS) conjugates synthesized by coupling FA with CS render new and improved functions because the original properties of CS are maintained and the targeting ligand of FA is incorporated. In this work, FA-CS conjugates were synthesized based on chemical linking of carboxylic group of FA with amino group of CS as confirmed by Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H NMR). FA-CS conjugates displayed less crystal nature when compared to CS. The FA-CS nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by crosslinking FA-CS conjugates with sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP). Positively charged FA-CS nanoparticles were spherical in shape with a particle size of about 100 nm. Cellular uptake of CS or FA-CS nanoparticles was assayed by fluorescent microscopy using calcein as fluorescent marker in colon cancer cells (HT-29). The FA-CS nanoparticles exhibited improved uptake of HT-29 and could become a potential targeted drug delivery system for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puwang Li
- Centre for Material and Fiber Innovation, Deakin University, Geelong Vic 3217, Australia
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30
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Hatakeyama H, Akita H, Harashima H. A multifunctional envelope type nano device (MEND) for gene delivery to tumours based on the EPR effect: a strategy for overcoming the PEG dilemma. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2011; 63:152-60. [PMID: 20840859 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2010.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 483] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2010] [Revised: 08/12/2010] [Accepted: 09/03/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Gene and nucleic acid therapy are expected to play a major role in the next generation of medicine. We recently developed a multifunctional envelope-type nano device (MEND) for use as a novel non-viral gene delivery system. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)ylation is a useful method for achieving a longer circulation time for delivery of the MEND to a tumour via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. However, PEGylation strongly inhibits cellular uptake and endosomal escape, which results in significant loss of activity for the delivery system. For successful gene delivery for cancer treatment, the crucial issue associated with the use of PEG, the 'PEG dilemma' must be addressed. In this review, we describe the development and applications of MEND, and discuss strategies for overcoming the PEG dilemma, based on the manipulation of intracellular trafficking of cellular uptake and endosomal release using functional devices such as specific ligands, cleavable PEG systems and endosomal fusogenic/disruptic peptides.
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31
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Abstract
In recent years, nanoparticulate-mediated drug delivery research has examined a full spectrum of nanoparticles that can be used in diagnostic and therapeutic cancer applications. A key aspect of this technology is in the potential to specifically target the nanoparticles to diseased cells using a range of molecules, in particular antibodies. Antibody–nanoparticle conjugates have the potential to elicit effective targeting and release of therapeutic targets at the disease site, while minimizing off-target side effects caused by dosing of normal tissues. This article provides an overview of various antibody-conjugated nanoparticle strategies, focusing on the rationale of cell-surface receptors targeted and their potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francois Fay
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
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32
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Portnoy E, Lecht S, Lazarovici P, Danino D, Magdassi S. Cetuximab-labeled liposomes containing near-infrared probe for in vivo imaging. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2011; 7:480-8. [PMID: 21272665 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2011.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2010] [Revised: 12/23/2010] [Accepted: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A new liposome-based near-infrared probe that combines both imaging and targeting abilities was developed for application in medical imaging. The near-infrared fluorescent molecule indocyanine green (ICG), and the cetuximab monoclonal antibody for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were attached to liposomes by passive adsorption. It was found that ICG molecules adsorbed to the liposomes are more fluorescent than free ICG and have a larger quantum yield. Cetuximab-adsorbed fluorescent liposomes preserved EGFR recognition, as is evident from internalization and selective binding to A431 colon carcinoma cells overexpressing EGFR. The binding of cetuximab-targeted fluorescent liposomes to A431 compared with IEC-6 cells (normal enterocytes expressing physiological EGFR levels) was greater by a factor of 3.5, ensuring imaging abilities with available fluorescent equipment. Due to relatively high quantum yield and specific tumor cell-recognizing ability, this technology deserves further in vivo evaluation for imaging and diagnostic purposes. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR A new liposome-based near-infrared probe combining both imaging and targeting abilities is reported. Due to relatively high quantum yield and EGFR-expressing tumor cell specificity, this technology deserves further in vivo evaluation for imaging and diagnostic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Portnoy
- Casali Institute of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry and Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Jerusalem, Israel
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Guin S, Yao HP, Wang MH. RON receptor tyrosine kinase as a target for delivery of chemodrugs by antibody directed pathway for cancer cell cytotoxicity. Mol Pharm 2010; 7:386-97. [PMID: 20039696 DOI: 10.1021/mp900168v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of the RON receptor tyrosine kinase exists in various cancers and contributes to malignant progression. To validate RON as a targeting moiety for delivery of chemoagents for enhanced tumor cytotoxicity, immunoliposomes (IL) loaded with doxorubicin (Dox) were formulated followed by postinsertion of monoclonal antibodies Zt/g4, Zt/c1, or their Fab fragments specific to the RON extracellular domains. Flow cytometry analysis showed that Zt/g4 or Zt/c1-IL binds to cancer cells and causes RON internalization as evident in confocal analysis of intracellular fluorescence intensity. The antibody-directed IL uptake by cancer cells is in both dose and time-dependent manners. Studies of cytotoxicity of individual IL in vitro against colon or breast cancer cell lines revealed that Zt/g4 directed Dox-IL displayed increased cytotoxic activities with a significant reduction of IC(50) values. An average of 8-fold increases in cytotoxic efficiency was achieved among four cell lines tested. Moreover, Zt/g4 directed Dox-IL also displayed the effective killing of cancer cells that are insensitive to pegylated liposomal doxorubicin. The effect of Zt/c1-Dox-IL was not as strong as Zt/g4-Dox-IL, and only moderate activities were observed. IL coupled with the Fab fragments of Zt/g4 or Zt/c1 show moderate activities against cancer cells. The ineffectiveness seemed to be related to the weak activities of the Fab fragments in the induction of RON internalization, which resulted in reduced drug uptakes. We conclude that anti-RON antibody-directed drug delivery is effective for increased uptake of cytotoxic drugs. Antibody-based RON targeting could be developed into a potential therapeutic for treatment of malignant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny Guin
- Center for Cancer Biology & Therapeutics, and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences, Amarillo, Texas 79106, USA
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Abstract
Among the several drug delivery systems, liposomes--phospholipid nanosized vesicles with a bilayered membrane structure--have drawn a lot of interest as advanced and versatile pharmaceutical carriers for both low and high molecular weight pharmaceuticals. At present, liposomal formulations span multiple areas, from clinical application of the liposomal drugs to the development of various multifunctional liposomal systems to be used in therapy and diagnostics. This chapter provides a brief overview of various liposomal products currently under development at experimental and preclinical level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamer A Elbayoumi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy Glendale, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA
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Abstract
The paradigm of using nanoparticulate pharmaceutical carriers has been well established over the past decade, both in pharmaceutical research and in the clinical setting. Drug carriers are expected to stay in the blood for long time, accumulate in pathological sites with affected and leaky vasculature (tumors, inflammations, and infarcted areas) via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, and facilitate targeted delivery of specific ligand-modified drugs and drug carriers into poorly accessible areas. Among various approaches to specifically target drug-loaded carrier systems to required pathological sites in the body, two seem to be most advanced--passive (EPR effect-mediated) targeting, based on the longevity of the pharmaceutical carrier in the blood and its accumulation in pathological sites with compromised vasculature, and active targeting, based on the attachment of specific ligands to the surface of pharmaceutical carriers to recognize and bind pathological cells. Here, we will consider and discuss these two targeting approaches using tumor targeting as an example.
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Beuttler J, Rothdiener M, Müller D, Frejd FY, Kontermann RE. Targeting of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR)-Expressing Tumor Cells with Sterically Stabilized Affibody Liposomes (SAL). Bioconjug Chem 2009; 20:1201-8. [DOI: 10.1021/bc900061v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Beuttler
- Institut für Zellbiologie und Immunologie, Universität Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, Affibody AB, P.O. Box 20137, SE-161 02 Bromma, Sweden, and Unit of Biomedical Radiations Sciences, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Miriam Rothdiener
- Institut für Zellbiologie und Immunologie, Universität Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, Affibody AB, P.O. Box 20137, SE-161 02 Bromma, Sweden, and Unit of Biomedical Radiations Sciences, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dafne Müller
- Institut für Zellbiologie und Immunologie, Universität Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, Affibody AB, P.O. Box 20137, SE-161 02 Bromma, Sweden, and Unit of Biomedical Radiations Sciences, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Y. Frejd
- Institut für Zellbiologie und Immunologie, Universität Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, Affibody AB, P.O. Box 20137, SE-161 02 Bromma, Sweden, and Unit of Biomedical Radiations Sciences, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Roland E. Kontermann
- Institut für Zellbiologie und Immunologie, Universität Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany, Affibody AB, P.O. Box 20137, SE-161 02 Bromma, Sweden, and Unit of Biomedical Radiations Sciences, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
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Chang C, Marszlowicz G, Waldman Z, Li P, Snook AE, Lin JE, Schulz S, Waldman SA. Guanylyl cyclase C as a biomarker for targeted imaging and therapy of metastatic colorectal cancer. Biomark Med 2009; 3:33-45. [DOI: 10.2217/17520363.3.1.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The guanylyl cyclase C (GCC) receptor posseses several well-established properties ideal for use as a biomarker in gastrointestinal malignancies. The GCC receptor is constitutively expressed in the apical membranes of the intestine and its expression is universally preserved in primary colorectal tumors and their metastases. Moreover, receptor binding is retained by GCC’s cognate ligand, the bacterial enterotoxin ST, even after conjugation to functional moieties. Selective tumor, but not gastrointestinal, uptake of ST in mice bearing GCC-expressing colon cancer xenografts demonstrates the potential of exploiting ST–GCC interaction for diagnostic imaging and targeted therapy of metastatic colorectal cancer. We expect this specific targeting provided by ST–GCC interaction to improve diagnosis, staging and management of colorectal cancer metastases, and ultimately prolong patient survival in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Chang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science & Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Glen Marszlowicz
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science & Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zac Waldman
- Department of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Adam E Snook
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Jieru E Lin
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Stephanie Schulz
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Scott A Waldman
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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Song S, Liu D, Peng J, Deng H, Guo Y, Xu LX, Miller AD, Xu Y. Novel peptide ligand directs liposomes toward EGF‐R high‐expressing cancer cells
in vitro
and
in vivo. FASEB J 2009; 23:1396-404. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.08-117002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuxian Song
- School of Life Science and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Dan Liu
- School of Life Science and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jinliang Peng
- Shanghai Centre for Systems BiomedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hongwei Deng
- School of PharmacyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yan Guo
- School of Life Science and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Lisa X. Xu
- School of Life Science and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Andrew D. Miller
- Department of ChemistryImperial CollegeImperial College Genetic Therapies CentreLondonUK
- ImuThes LimitedLondonUK
| | - Yuhong Xu
- School of Life Science and BiotechnologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
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Peptide ligand-mediated liposome distribution and targeting to EGFR expressing tumor in vivo. Int J Pharm 2008; 363:155-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2008] [Revised: 05/30/2008] [Accepted: 07/04/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Kurata N, Shishido T, Muraoka M, Tanaka T, Ogino C, Fukuda H, Kondo A. Specific Protein Delivery to Target Cells by Antibody-displaying Bionanocapsules. J Biochem 2008; 144:701-7. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvn131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Torchilin
- Northeastern University, Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA ;
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Friedländer E, Barok M, Szöllősi J, Vereb G. ErbB-directed immunotherapy: Antibodies in current practice and promising new agents. Immunol Lett 2008; 116:126-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2007.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2007] [Accepted: 12/01/2007] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Targeted gene therapy of LS174 T human colon carcinoma by anti-TAG-72 immunoliposomes. Cancer Gene Ther 2008; 15:331-40. [DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2008.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Cheng WW, Allen TM. Targeted delivery of anti-CD19 liposomal doxorubicin in B-cell lymphoma: A comparison of whole monoclonal antibody, Fab′ fragments and single chain Fv. J Control Release 2008; 126:50-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2007.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2007] [Revised: 11/07/2007] [Accepted: 11/09/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Baranda J, Williamson S. The new paradigm in the treatment of colorectal cancer: are we hitting the right target? Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2007; 16:311-24. [PMID: 17302526 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.16.3.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of advanced colorectal cancer has definitely advanced in the last 10 years as newer and more active cytotoxic chemotherapy agents have become available. Better understanding of different fundamental molecular changes in carcinogenesis has resulted in the emergence of important therapeutic targets in colon cancer treatment. The era of nihilism has been replaced by a time of optimism with the development of targeted therapy, with the promise of agents with improved activity and a better toxicity profile in the management of colon cancer. This review focuses on novel agents, particularly targeted therapy in both earlier and more advanced phases of clinical investigations.
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Schwendener RA. Liposomes in Biology and Medicine. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2007; 620:117-28. [DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-76713-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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