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Mishra A, Castañeda TR, Bader E, Elshorst B, Cummings S, Scherer P, Bangari DS, Loewe C, Schreuder H, Pöverlein C, Helms M, Jones S, Zech G, Licher T, Wagner M, Schudok M, de Hoop M, Plowright AT, Atzrodt J, Kannt A, Laitinen I, Derdau V. Triantennary GalNAc Molecular Imaging Probes for Monitoring Hepatocyte Function in a Rat Model of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2002997. [PMID: 33344141 PMCID: PMC7739951 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease that can lead to irreversible liver cirrhosis and cancer. Early diagnosis of NASH is vital to detect disease before it becomes life-threatening, yet noninvasively differentiating NASH from simple steatosis is challenging. Herein, bifunctional probes have been developed that target the hepatocyte-specific asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR), the expression of which decreases during NASH progression. The results show that the probes allow longitudinal, noninvasive monitoring of ASGPR levels by positron emission tomography in the newly developed rat model of NASH. The probes open new possibilities for research into early diagnosis of NASH and development of drugs to slow or reverse its progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tamara R. Castañeda
- R&D DiabetesSanofi‐Aventis Deutschland GmbHIndustriepark Höchst65926FrankfurtGermany
| | - Erik Bader
- Industriepark Höchst65926FrankfurtGermany
| | | | - Sheila Cummings
- Global Discovery PathologyTranslational In Vivo ModelsSanofi GenzymeThe Mountain RoadFraminghamMA01701USA
| | - Petra Scherer
- Global BioimagingTranslational In Vivo ModelsSanofi‐Aventis Deutschland GmbHIndustriepark Höchst65926FrankfurtGermany
| | - Dinesh S. Bangari
- Global Discovery PathologyTranslational In Vivo ModelsSanofi GenzymeThe Mountain RoadFraminghamMA01701USA
| | | | | | | | - Mike Helms
- Global BioimagingTranslational In Vivo ModelsSanofi‐Aventis Deutschland GmbHIndustriepark Höchst65926FrankfurtGermany
| | - Seth Jones
- Industriepark Höchst65926FrankfurtGermany
| | | | | | | | - Manfred Schudok
- R&D Drug Metabolism and PharmacokineticsSanofi‐Aventis Deutschland GmbHIndustriepark Höchst65926FrankfurtGermany
| | | | - Alleyn T. Plowright
- Industriepark Höchst65926FrankfurtGermany
- Wren Therapeutics Ltd.Department of ChemistryUniversity of CambridgeLensfield RdCambridgeCB2 1EWUK
| | - Jens Atzrodt
- R&D Transversal OperationsGerman R&D HubSanofi‐Aventis Deutschland GmbHIndustriepark Höchst65926FrankfurtGermany
| | - Aimo Kannt
- R&D DiabetesSanofi‐Aventis Deutschland GmbHIndustriepark Höchst65926FrankfurtGermany
- Experimental PharmacologyMedical Faculty MannheimUniversity of Heidelberg68167MannheimGermany
- Fraunhofer IMETranslational Medicine and Pharmacology60596FrankfurtGermany
| | - Iina Laitinen
- Global BioimagingTranslational In Vivo ModelsSanofi‐Aventis Deutschland GmbHIndustriepark Höchst65926FrankfurtGermany
- Present address:
Antaros Medical, Bioventure HubMölndal431 83Sweden
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Nie H, Qiu B, Yang QX, Zhao Y, Liu XM, Zhang YT, Liao FL, Zhang SY. Effect of gal/GalNAc regioisomerism in galactosylated liposomes on asialoglycoprotein receptor-mediated hepatocyte-selective targeting in vivo. J Liposome Res 2019; 31:79-89. [PMID: 31691619 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2019.1682606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we describe a novel synthesis of galactosylated lipids by lipase catalysis. Lactitol (Lac), galactose (Gal), or N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) was coupled with cholesterol (CHS) as target head groups by enzyme-catalyzed regioselective esterification to produce three kinds of lipids: CHS-1-Gal, CHS-6-Gal, or CHS-6-GalNAc1. The biological effects of galactosylated lipids carrying different constitutional isomers of the pendent sugar species were investigated. LP-1-Gal (liposomes containing 5.0 molar% of CHS-1-Gal) showed strong binding to tetrameric lectins of Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA120) in vitro, while LP-6-Gal (liposomes containing 5.0 molar% of CHS-6-Gal) and LP-6-GalNAc (liposomes containing 5.0 molar% of CHS-6-GalNAc) did not. After intravenous injection, LP-6-GalNAc, LP-1-Gal and LP-6-Gal rapidly disappeared from the blood and accumulated rapidly in liver (up to 74.88 ± 4.11%, 58.67 ± 5.75%, and 47.66 ± 4.56% of injected dose/g organ within 4 h, respectively). This is significantly higher than the uptake of unmodified liposomes (Unmod-LP) (18.67 ± 6.07%). Pre-injection of asialofetuin significantly inhibits liver uptake of Gal-liposomes (P < 0.01), with the degree of inhibition appearing in the following order: LP-6-GalNAc (73.29%) > LP-1-Gal (67.06%) > LP-6-Gal (53.61%). More importantly, LP-6-GalNAc was preferentially taken up by hepatocytes and the uptake ratio by parenchymal cells (PC) and nonparenchymal cells (NPC) (PC/NPC ratio) was 11.03 higher than LP-1-Gal (7.32), LP-6-Gal (5.83) and Unmod-LP (2.39). We suggest that liposomes containing the novel galactosylated lipid CHS-6-GalNAc have potential as drug delivery carriers for hepatocyte-selective targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Nie
- Medical College of Jiaying University, Meizhou, China
| | - Bo Qiu
- Medical College of Jiaying University, Meizhou, China
| | - Qi-Xuan Yang
- Medical College of Jiaying University, Meizhou, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Institute of Hakka Medicinal Bio-resources, Medical College, Jiaying University, Meizhou, China
| | - Xiao-Min Liu
- Meizhou Engineering Research Center for Hakka Health Care, Meizhou, China
| | - Ying-Ting Zhang
- Meizhou Engineering Research Center for Hakka Health Care, Meizhou, China
| | - Fu-Lin Liao
- School of Life Science, Jiaying University, Meizhou, China
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pH-Sensitive Black Phosphorous–Incorporated Hydrogel as Novel Implant for Cancer Treatment. J Pharm Sci 2019; 108:2542-2551. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Chen J, Chen Y, Cheng Y, Gao Y, Zheng P, Li C, Tong Y, Li Z, Luo W, Chen Z. Modifying glycyrrhetinic acid liposomes with liver-targeting ligand of galactosylated derivative: preparation and evaluations. Oncotarget 2017; 8:102046-102066. [PMID: 29254224 PMCID: PMC5731934 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, novel glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) liposomes modified with a liver-targeting galactosylated derivative ligand (Gal) were prepared using a film-dispersion method. To characterize the samples, particle size, zeta potential, drug loading, and encapsulation efficiency were performed. Moreover, plasma and tissues were pre-treated by liquid-liquid extraction and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The results showed that the mean residence times (MRTs) and the area under the curve (AUC) of GA liposomes with Gal (Gal-GA-LP), and GA liposomes (GA-LP) were higher than the GA solution (GA-S) in plasma. The tissue (liver) distribution of Gal-GA-LP was significantly different in contrast to GA-LP. The relative intake rate (Re) of Gal-GA-LP and GA-LP in the liver was 4.752 and 2.196, respectively. The peak concentration ratio (Ce) of Gal-GA-LP and GA-LP in the liver was 2.796 and 1.083, respectively. The targeting efficiency (Te) of Gal-GA-LP and GA-LP in the liver was 48.193% and 34.718%, respectively. Taken together, the results indicate that Gal-GA-LP is an ideal complex for liver-targeting, and has great potential application in the clinical treatment of hepatic diseases. Drug loading and releasing experiments also indicated that most liposomes are spherical structures and have good dispersity under physiologic conditions, which could prolong GA release efficiency in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuchao Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Cheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Youheng Gao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Pinjing Zheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuangnan Li
- The Second School of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Yidan Tong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhao Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenhui Luo
- Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital (Guangdong Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Engineering Technology), Guangdong, China
| | - Zhao Chen
- Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital (Guangdong Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Engineering Technology), Guangdong, China
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Sun J, Liu X, Lei Y, Tang M, Dai Z, Yang X, Yu X, Yu L, Sun X, Ding J. Sustained subconjunctival delivery of cyclosporine A using thermogelling polymers for glaucoma filtration surgery. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:6400-6411. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01556a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We successfully developed a subconjunctival delivery system of CsA using an injectable thermogel to inhibit post-surgical scar formation after glaucoma filtration surgery.
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Zhao C, Feng Q, Dou Z, Yuan W, Sui C, Zhang X, Xia G, Sun H, Ma J. Local targeted therapy of liver metastasis from colon cancer by galactosylated liposome encapsulated with doxorubicin. PLoS One 2013; 8:e73860. [PMID: 24040096 PMCID: PMC3770687 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Since regional drug administration enables to maintain a high drug concentration within tumors, we compared the plasma concentration and biodistribution of doxorubicin (Dox) from drug-loaded conventional liposomes by local or systemic administration. The results demonstrated that drug concentration was substantially improved in liver as well as a decrease in blood and other organs by spleen injection mimicking portal vein perfusion (regional administration). To further investigate the targeted therapeutic effect of galactosylated liposome encapsulated doxorubicin (Dox) by regional administration, liver targeting liposomes were prepared by incorporating galactosylated-DPPE to conventional liposomes. Liposome uptake and targeting were verified in vitro and in vivo by fluorescence microscopy and xenogen IVIS imaging system, respectively. The results showed that galactose targeted liposomes presented a stronger specific cell uptake by human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells compared to the non-targeted liposomes. In vivo fluorescence imaging showed that the intra-hepatic deposition of conventional and galactosylated liposomes via spleen injection was more than that via tail vein administration, and galactosylated liposomes had higher fluorescent intensity over conventional liposomes in the liver post spleen administration. The anti-tumor effect of various drug administration routes for both liposomal formulations was evaluated using a murine liver metastasis model of colon cancer. The results indicated that tumor progression in the liver and mesenteric lymph nodes was significantly suppressed by Dox-loaded galactosylated liposomes via spleen injection, while no significance was observed in non-targeted formulations. Our data indicated that local perfusion of galactosylated liposomal doxorubicin had a great promise for the treatment of liver metastasis from colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Feng
- Abdominal Surgical Department, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zengpei Dou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Wei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chenguang Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xinghua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Guimin Xia
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hongfang Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
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Comparative tissue distribution profiles of five major bio-active components in normal and blood deficiency rats after oral administration of Danggui Buxue Decoction by UPLC-TQ/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2013; 88:207-15. [PMID: 24076576 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Revised: 08/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Astragali Radix (AR) and Angelicae Sinensis Radix (ASR) were frequently combined and used in China as herbal pair called as Danggui Buxue Decoction (DBD) for treatment of blood deficiency syndrome, such as women's ailments. This study is to investigate the tissue distribution profiles of five major bio-active constituents (ferulic acid, caffeic acid, calycosin-7-O-β-glucoside, ononin and astragaloside IV) in DBD after oral administration of DBD in blood deficiency rats, and to compare the difference between normal and blood deficiency rats. The blood deficiency rats were induced by bleeding from orbit at the dosages of 5.0mLkg(-1) every day, and the experimental period was 12 days. At the finally day of experimental period, both normal and blood deficiency rats were orally administrated with DBD, and then the tissues samples were collected at different time points. Ferulic acid, caffeic acid, calycosin-7-O-β-glucoside, ononin and astragaloside IV in different tissues were detected simultaneously by UPLC-TQ/MS, and the histograms were drawn. The results showed that the overall trend was CLiver>CKidney>CHeart>CSpleen>CLung, CC-30min>CM-30min>CM-60min>CC-5min>CM-5min>CC-60min>CM-240min>CC-240min. The contents of the detected compounds in liver were more than that in other tissues no matter in normal or blood deficiency rats. Compared to normal rats, partial contents of the compounds in blood deficiency rats' tissues at different time points had significant difference (P<0.05). This study was the first report about tissue distribution investigation in blood deficiency animals which is conducted by bleeding. And the results demonstrated that the five DBD components in normal and blood deficiency rats had obvious differences in some organs and time points, suggesting that the blood flow and perfusion rate of the organ were altered in blood deficiency animals.
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Villa R, Cerroni B, Viganò L, Margheritelli S, Abolafio G, Oddo L, Paradossi G, Zaffaroni N. Targeted doxorubicin delivery by chitosan-galactosylated modified polymer microbubbles to hepatocarcinoma cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 110:434-42. [PMID: 23759384 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Targeted drug delivery is a main issue in cancer treatment. Taking advantage of recently developed polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based microbubbles, which are characterized by chemical versatility of the polymeric surface thereby allowing coating with different ligands, we set up a strategy for the targeted delivery of the anticancer agent doxorubicin to hepatocarcinoma cells. Such microbubbles are exceptionally efficient ultrasound scatterers and thus represent also an option as potential ultrasound contrast agents. Moreover, the oscillation of microbubbles induced by ultrasound could contribute to favor the release of drugs allocated on shell. Specifically, PVA-based microbubbles were reacted with a galactosylated chitosan complex and loaded with doxorubicin to enable the localization and drug delivery to HepG2 hepatocarcinoma cells overexpressing asialoglycoprotein receptors. We demonstrated selectivity and greater bioadhesive properties of the functionalized microbubbles for tumor cells than to normal fibroblasts, which were influenced by the degree of galactosylation. The presence of galactosylated chitosan did not modify the rate of doxorubicin release from microbubbles, whichwas almost complete within 48h. Cellular uptake of doxorubicin loaded on functionalized microbubbles was higher in HepG2 than in normal fibroblasts, which do not over express the asialoglycoprotein receptors. In addition, doxorubicin loaded onto functionalized microbubbles fully retained its cytotoxic activity. Cells were also irradiated with ultrasound, immediately after exposure to microbubbles. An early enhancement of doxorubicin release and cellular drug uptake associated to a concomitant increase in cytotoxicity was observed in HepG2 cells. Overall, results of the study indicate that galactosylated chitosan microbubbles represent promising devices for the targeted delivery of antitumor agents to liver cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Villa
- Dipartimento di Oncologia Sperimentale e Medicina Molecolare, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Amadeo 42, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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Guo B, Cheng Y, Li N, Li X, Jin M, Li T, Li J. In vitro and in vivo studies of galactose-modified liver-targeting liposomes. J Drug Target 2012; 21:257-264. [PMID: 23163746 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2012.741135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Oridonin (ORI) is a bioactive diterpenoid compound extracted from the well known Chinese traditional medicine Rabdosia rubescens. The aim of this study was to prepare ORI loaded liposomes surface-modified with galactose (NOH-ORI-LP) and evaluate their characteristics compared with ORI loaded liposomes (ORI-LP) and ORI solution in vitro and in vivo. The NOH-ORI-LP was prepared by ethanol injection method. The NOH-ORI-LP was characterized by their morphology, particle size, zeta potential and encapsulation efficiency. The concentration of ORI in plasma and tissues at different sampling time points were determined. The liver concentration-time curves of NOH-ORI-LP in mice were determined, and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and compared by statistical analysis. Our data revealed that NOH-ORI-LP has a particle size of about (173 ± 12) nm. The particles exhibit a negative electrical charge (-31.5 ± 1.6 mV), and possess high encapsulation efficiency (94.1 ± 1.2%). There were significantly different parameters of k10 and area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-t) between liposomes and solution. The mean residence time (MRT0-t) in plasma of NOH-ORI-LP was 5.56 times longer than that of solution. Compared with solution, NOH-ORI-LP delivered about 4.28 times higher ORI into liver. Thus, an optimum intravenous galactose-modified liposome formulation for ORI could be developed as an alternative to the commercial ORI preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohong Guo
- a Department of pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangdong, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yi Cheng
- b School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangdong, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Niying Li
- a Department of pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangdong, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- a Department of pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangdong, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Miaozhen Jin
- a Department of pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangdong, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ting Li
- a Department of pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangdong, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jin Li
- a Department of pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University , Guangdong, Guangzhou, PR China
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Cheng M, He B, Wan T, Zhu W, Han J, Zha B, Chen H, Yang F, Li Q, Wang W, Xu H, Ye T. 5-Fluorouracil nanoparticles inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma via activation of the p53 pathway in the orthotopic transplant mouse model. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47115. [PMID: 23077553 PMCID: PMC3471936 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable polymer nanoparticle drug delivery systems provide targeted drug delivery, improved pharmacokinetic and biodistribution, enhanced drug stability and fewer side effects. These drug delivery systems are widely used for delivering cytotoxic agents. In the present study, we synthesized GC/5-FU nanoparticles by combining galactosylated chitosan (GC) material with 5-FU, and tested its effect on liver cancer in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro anti-cancer effects of this sustained release system were both dose- and time-dependent, and demonstrated higher cytotoxicity against hepatic cancer cells than against other cell types. The distribution of GC/5-FU in vivo revealed the greatest accumulation in hepatic cancer tissues. GC/5-FU significantly inhibited tumor growth in an orthotropic liver cancer mouse model, resulting in a significant reduction in tumor weight and increased survival time in comparison to 5-FU alone. Flow cytometry and TUNEL assays in hepatic cancer cells showed that GC/5-FU was associated with higher rates of G0-G1 arrest and apoptosis than 5-FU. Analysis of apoptosis pathways indicated that GC/5-FU upregulates p53 expression at both protein and mRNA levels. This in turn lowers Bcl-2/Bax expression resulting in mitochondrial release of cytochrome C into the cytosol with subsequent caspase-3 activation. Upregulation of caspase-3 expression decreased poly ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP-1) at mRNA and protein levels, further promoting apoptosis. These findings indicate that sustained release of GC/5-FU nanoparticles are more effective at targeting hepatic cancer cells than 5-FU monotherapy in the mouse orthotropic liver cancer mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingrong Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Zhoupu Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing He
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Wan
- Biomedical Materials and Engineering Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiping Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Han
- Department of General Surgery, Zhoupu Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingbing Zha
- Department of Endocrine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Houxiang Chen
- Biomedical Materials and Engineering Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fengxiao Yang
- Biomedical Materials and Engineering Center, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of General Medicine, Pujiang Hospital of Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Zhoupu Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongzhi Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Cheng M, Han J, Li Q, He B, Zha B, Wu J, Zhou R, Ye T, Wang W, Xu H, Hou Y. Synthesis of galactosylated chitosan/5-fluorouracil nanoparticles and its characteristics, in vitro and in vivo release studies. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2012; 100:2035-43. [PMID: 22865703 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.32767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2012] [Revised: 06/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable polymer nanoparticle drug delivery systems are characterized by targeted drug delivery, improved pharmacokinetic and biodistribution, enhanced drug stability, and lowered side effects; these drug delivery systems are widely used for delivery of cytotoxic agents. The galactosylated chitosan (GC)/5-fluorouracil (5-FU) nanoparticle is a nanomaterial made by coupling GC, a polymer known to have the advantages described above, and 5-FU. We found that when 5-FU and GC were mixed at the mass ratio of 10:1, the nanoparticle reached a maximum encapsulation efficiency of 81.82% ± 5.32%, with a drug loading of 6.12% ± 1.36%, a particle size of 35.19 ± 9.50 nm, and a Zeta potential of +10.34 ± 1.43 mV. The GC/5-FU nanoparticle is a sustained release system, whose anticancer effects were shown to be dose and time dependent, with a higher cytotoxicity to hepatic cancer than to other cell types. The distribution of GC/5-FU in vivo revealed the greatest accumulation in the hepatic cancer tissues, with an 8.69-, 23.35-, 79.96-, and 85.15-fold increase when compared to normal liver tissue, kidney, heart and blood, respectively, suggesting that the hepatic cell was the target of the nanoparticles. In vivo experiments showed that GC/5-FU can significantly inhibit tumor growth in an orthotropic liver cancer mouse model. GC/5-FU treatment can significantly lower the tumor weight and increase the survival time of mice when compared to 5-FU treatment alone. Flow cytometry revealed that compared to 5-FU, GC/5-FU caused higher rates of G0-G1 arrest and apoptosis in hepatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingrong Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, Zhoupu Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201318, China.
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Sonoke S, Ueda T, Fujiwara K, Kuwabara K, Yano J. Galactose-modified cationic liposomes as a liver-targeting delivery system for small interfering RNA. Biol Pharm Bull 2012; 34:1338-42. [PMID: 21804229 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.1338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a galactose-modified cationic liposome for delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) to the liver. The liposomes were designed to be transported into hepatocytes via the asialoglycoprotein receptor, which recognizes galactose residues. The liposomes contained a novel galactose-modified lipid, 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphatidyl-N-(1-deoxylactito-1-yl)ethanolamine (GDOPE). Delivery of siRNA to hepatocytes by the liposomes was evaluated by measuring the gene-silencing activity of liposome : siRNA complexes in two human hepatoma cell lines. A formulation with a cationic lipid : GDOPE ratio of 3 : 5 by weight, LIC-G5, showed the strongest activity. In mice, intravenous injection of LIC-G5 complexed with (3)H-labeled siRNA led to accumulation of radioactivity in the liver. When the hepatic cellular uptake was determined after intravenous injection into mice followed by collagenase liver perfusion, the distribution of siRNA to parenchymal cells was 1.9 times higher when LIC-G5 rather than nongalactosylated LIC was used as the carrier. The concentration of siRNA accumulated was 45 µg/ml, 30 times the concentration that produced strong gene silencing in vitro and therefore presumably sufficient for a therapeutic effect. Because increasing the cationic-lipid content of a liposome carrier generally enhances the uptake of siRNA by the liver at the expense of increased cell toxicity, we used only a moderate amount of cationic lipid in our galactose-modified carrier. LIC-G5 enhanced the uptake of siRNA by the liver without cytotoxic effects and is a promising candidate delivery system for liver-targeted siRNA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Sonoke
- Discovery Research Laboratories, Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd., Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–0003, Japan.
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15
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Mamidyala SK, Dutta S, Chrunyk BA, Préville C, Wang H, Withka JM, McColl A, Subashi TA, Hawrylik SJ, Griffor MC, Kim S, Pfefferkorn JA, Price DA, Menhaji-Klotz E, Mascitti V, Finn M. Glycomimetic Ligands for the Human Asialoglycoprotein Receptor. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:1978-81. [DOI: 10.1021/ja2104679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sreeman K. Mamidyala
- Department
of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey
Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Sanjay Dutta
- Department
of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey
Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Boris A. Chrunyk
- Pfizer Global Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Cathy Préville
- Pfizer Global Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Hong Wang
- Pfizer Global Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Jane M. Withka
- Pfizer Global Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Alexander McColl
- Pfizer Global Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Timothy A. Subashi
- Pfizer Global Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Steven J. Hawrylik
- Pfizer Global Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Matthew C. Griffor
- Pfizer Global Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Sung Kim
- Pfizer Global Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Jeffrey A. Pfefferkorn
- Pfizer Global Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - David A. Price
- Pfizer Global Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Elnaz Menhaji-Klotz
- Pfizer Global Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Vincent Mascitti
- Pfizer Global Research & Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - M.G. Finn
- Department
of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey
Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
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16
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Intra J, Salem AK. Rational design, fabrication, characterization and in vitro testing of biodegradable microparticles that generate targeted and sustained transgene expression in HepG2 liver cells. J Drug Target 2011; 19:393-408. [PMID: 20681752 PMCID: PMC5258116 DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2010.504263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microparticles have significant potential for sustained delivery of plasmid DNA (pDNA). However, unmodified PLGA microparticles have poor transfection efficiencies. In this study, we use several approaches to enhance the transfection efficiencies of PLGA microparticles in a HepG2 liver cell line. Polyethylenimine (PEI) is used to condense the pDNA prior to loading into the PLGA microparticles. This provides enhanced loading efficiencies and greater protection to the pDNA during the entrapment process. In addition, the pDNA used (ApoE) incorporates a hybrid liver-specific murine albumin enhancer/α1 antitrypsin promoter (AlbE/hAAT) to enhance transgene expression in human liver (HepG2) cells. The percentage of surfactant used in the preparation of the microparticles, the polymer composition of the PLGA, the ratio of the PEI to pDNA (N/P), the structure of the PEI and the potential utility of a galactose targeting ligand were then investigated to further optimize the efficacy of the cationic microparticle non-viral delivery system in transfecting HepG2 cells. For each PLGA PEI-pDNA microparticle formulation prepared, we evaluated particle size, ζ-potential, loading of pDNA, cytotoxicity, and transgene expression in HepG2 cells and control human embryonic kidney (HEK293) and monkey African green kidney fibroblast-like (COS7) cells. Loading PLGA particles with PEI-ApoE pDNA complexes resulted in a significant reduction in particle size when compared to PLGA microparticles loaded with ApoE pDNA alone. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that all the particle formulations were smooth and spherical in appearance. Incorporation of the cationic PEI in the PLGA particles changed the ζ-potential from negative to positive. Complexing PEI with ApoE pDNA increased the loading efficiency of the ApoE pDNA into the PLGA microparticles. The cytotoxicity of PLGA particles loaded with PEI-ApoE pDNA complexes was similar to PLGA particles loaded with ApoE pDNA alone. The transfection efficiency of all particle formulations prepared with ApoE pDNA was significantly higher in HepG2 cells when compared to HEK293 and COS7 cell lines. The release of PEI-pDNA complexes from particles prepared with different PLGA polymer compositions including PLGA 50-50, PLGA 75-25, and PLGA 85-15 was sustained in all cases but the release profile was dependent on the polymer composition. Transmission electron microscopy images showed that PEI-pDNA complexes remained structurally intact after release. The optimum formulation for PLGA particles loaded with PEI-ApoE pDNA complexes was prepared using 2% polyvinyl alcohol, 50-50 PLGA compositions and N/P ratios of 5-10. Strong sustained transgene expression in HepG2 cells was generated by PLGA PEI-ApoE pDNA particles up to the full 13 days tested.
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17
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Wei W, Yue ZG, Qu JB, Yue H, Su ZG, Ma GH. Galactosylated nanocrystallites of insoluble anticancer drug for liver-targeting therapy: an in vitro evaluation. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2010; 5:589-96. [PMID: 20528454 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.10.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Low solubility in water has become an intrinsic property of many anticancer drugs, which poses a hurdle in the translation from the bench to the clinic. In this study, we developed a facile method to prepare 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) nanocrystallites and testified their feasibility for liver-targeting therapy. MATERIALS & METHODS HCPT nanocrystallites were prepared under the soft template effect of galactosylated chitosan. The internalization profile, intracellular trafficking, drug activity and cell viability were evaluated by exposing these nanocrystallites to human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. RESULTS Galactosylated chitosan located on the HCPT nanocrystallites not only stabilized the formulation in aqueous medium, but also enhanced the cellular internalization through an asialoglycoprotein receptor-mediated pathway. These nanocrystallites also exhibited the advantages of nuclear entry and active HCPT delivery, and consequently better anticancer cytotoxicity could be achieved. CONCLUSION These data strongly support the superior properties of galactosylated HCPT nanocrystallites on liver-targeting therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, PR China
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18
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Huang Z, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Jing Y, Lai Y, Zhang L, Guo Q, Yuan S, Zhang J, Chen L, Peng S, Tian J. Synthesis and anti-human hepatocellular carcinoma activity of new nitric oxide-releasing glycosyl derivatives of oleanolic acid. Org Biomol Chem 2010; 8:632-9. [DOI: 10.1039/b918846k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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19
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Díez S, Navarro G, de ILarduya CT. In vivo targeted gene delivery by cationic nanoparticles for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gene Med 2009; 11:38-45. [PMID: 19021130 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.1273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transgene expression in vivo for therapeutic purposes will require methods that allow for efficient gene transfer into cells. Although current vector technologies are being improved, the development of novel vector systems with improved targeting specificity, higher transduction efficiencies and improved safety is necessary. METHODS Asialoglycoprotein receptor-targeted cationic nanoparticles for interleukin (IL)-12 encapsulation (NP1) or adsorption (NP2) have been formulated by blending poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) (50 : 50) with the cationic lipid 1,2-dioleoyl-3-(trimethylammonium) propane (DOTAP) and the ligand asialofetuin (AF), by using a modified solvent evaporation process. RESULTS We present a novel targeted lipopolymeric vector, which improves significantly the levels of luciferase gene expression in the liver upon i.v. administration. Targeted-NP2 particles showed a five- and 12-fold higher transfection activity in the liver compared to non-targeted (plain) complexes or naked pCMV DNA, respectively. On the other hand, BNL tumor-bearing animals treated with AF-NP1 containing the therapeutic gene IL-12, showed tumor growth inhibition, leading to a complete tumor regression in 75% of the treated mice, without signs of recurrence. High levels of IL-12 and interferon-gamma were detected in the sera of treated animals. Mice survival also improved considerably. Tumor treatment with AF-NP2 formulations lead only to a retardation in the tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS In the present study, we have developed an efficient targeted non-viral vector for IL-12 gene transfer in hepatocellular carcinoma in vivo, by employing non-toxic cationic PLGA/DOTAP/AF nanoparticles. These results demonstrate for the first time that this cationic system could be used successfully and safely for delivery of therapeutic genes with antitumor activity into liver tumors with targeting specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonsoles Díez
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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