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Correia I, Carvalho H, Otto K, Nudelman G. Justice perceptions and well-being: Belief in a just world is a personal resource and a coping resource. Br J Psychol 2024; 115:324-344. [PMID: 38049953 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Although the perception of justice is a core need of all individuals, the adaptive value of belief in a just world (BJW)-in everyday life and when facing severe distress-has been typically investigated in separate studies. In this article, we tested, in only one study, the possibility that BJW can be a personal resource and a coping resource. We analysed data from the European Social Survey comprised of random representative samples of 27 European countries (N = 24,776 participants). We considered distressing circumstances both at an individual level (health impairment and financial difficulty) and at a macroeconomic contextual level. The results showed that for people both facing and not facing financial or health-related distress, BJW was positively associated with well-being, supporting BJW as a personal resource. Furthermore, we found that the decrease of well-being of people facing distress, both at an individual level and at a contextual level, compared to people not facing distress, was lower for individuals with higher BJW than for individuals with lower BJW, supporting BJW as a coping resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Correia
- Iscte - Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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The Mediating Effects of Social Comparison on Faculty Burnout, Teaching Anxiety, and Satisfaction Among Faculty Who Taught During the COVID-19 Pandemic. TRENDS IN PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [PMCID: PMC9668215 DOI: 10.1007/s43076-022-00246-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Liu Y, Yi H. Social networking smartphone applications and emotional health among college students: The moderating role of social support. Sci Prog 2022; 105:368504221144439. [PMID: 36529902 PMCID: PMC10450471 DOI: 10.1177/00368504221144439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Young people are increasingly using social networking site (SNS) smartphone applications (apps), necessitating research on the effects of such use on the users' emotional health. The present study recruited 360 college students across mainland China and recorded their smartphone usage for one week using an automatic tracking app. Surveys assessing social support perception and emotional health were subsequently conducted. The study examined the relationship between SNS smartphone app usage (frequency and duration) and emotional health, as well as the moderating role of perceived social support in SNS smartphone usage and emotional health. Among individuals with high social support, SNS smartphone use was more strongly associated with better emotional health. These results suggest conditional benefits of using SNS smartphone apps, depending on the user's perceived social support. The implications for designing and using SNS smartphone apps are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- School of Journalism & Communication, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongfa Yi
- School of Journalism & Communication, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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Dong M, Zhang T, Li Y, Ren Z. The Effect of Work Connectivity Behavior After-Hours on Employee Psychological Distress: The Role of Leader Workaholism and Work-to-Family Conflict. Front Public Health 2022; 10:722679. [PMID: 35284392 PMCID: PMC8905642 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.722679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The work connectivity behavior after-hours (WCBA) has become increasingly intense among Chinese employees in recent years, especially in the rapidly developed internet industry. This has made the after-hours work connectivity behavior, a popular topic in the organizational psychology field. Based on boundary theory, we explored the mechanism of after-hour work connectivity behavior on employees' psychological distress and identified the work-to-family conflict (WFC) as mediator. Besides, leader characteristics are essential environmental variables and always play as moderators, among which leader workaholism is prevalent in the internet industry. However, the impact of leader workaholism on employees' behavior is still inconsistent and even contradictory. Thus, this study further examines the moderating effect of leader workaholism between the after-hour work connectivity behavior and employees' psychological distress. Methods We conducted a multitime, multisource questionnaire survey in Internet companies in China. Before collecting the data, all participants were assured that their responses would be confidential and used only for academic research. At time 1, the team leader rated his or her workaholism, and team members rated WCBA. At time 2 (3 weeks later), team members were asked to complete the questionnaire containing scales of WFC, psychological distress. The two rounds of data collection resulted in 211 matched team leader–team member responses. We performed a path analysis using Mplus 7.4. Results Both the duration and frequency of WCBA can positively predict employees' psychological distress through WFC (the mediating effect = 0.628, 95% CI = [0.593, 0.663]). Specifically, WCBA can increase the level of WFC, which leads to the employees' psychological distress further. Leader workaholism can negatively moderate the relationship between WCBA and WFC, further moderating the mediating effect of WFC. Conclusions Work-to-family conflict played as a mediator in the relationship between WCBA and employees' psychological distress. These results may be helpful to recognize the negative effect of WCBA and the role of leader workaholism in the relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingchao Dong
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Tianlu Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yingwu Li
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
- The Laboratory of Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yingwu Li
| | - Zhengzheng Ren
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
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Wang W, Kang SW, Choi SB. Effects of Employee Well-Being and Self-Efficacy on the Relationship between Coaching Leadership and Knowledge Sharing Intention: A Study of UK and US Employees. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182010638. [PMID: 34682385 PMCID: PMC8535319 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge acquisition practices are important to enterprises, particularly since market competition is intensifying. In recent years, organizations have begun to pay more attention to knowledge sharing practices. Many organizations are looking for methods to motivate their employees to actively share knowledge with other employees. This study uses the conservation of resources theory to examine coaching leadership as an antecedent-and employee well-being as a mediator-in facilitating knowledge sharing intention; it finds that self-efficacy is the boundary condition in these relations. We collected data in two waves and recruited participants online-full-time employees in the UK and US. Using a sample of 322 employees, we conducted a confirmatory factor analysis to test the validity of the results and used hierarchical multiple regression to examine the direct and interaction effects. Then, we used the bootstrapping method to test the indirect and moderated mediation effects. Our results show that coaching leadership is positively related to knowledge sharing intention, and employee well-being mediates the relationship. Moreover, self-efficacy positively moderates the direct and indirect effects. Our findings demonstrate that employee well-being is a mediating mechanism in the relationship between coaching leadership and knowledge sharing intention, with self-efficacy acting as a boundary condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxian Wang
- College of Business, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
| | - Seung-Wan Kang
- College of Business, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.-W.K.); (S.B.C.)
| | - Suk Bong Choi
- College of Global Business, Korea University, 2511 Sejong-ro, Sejong City 30019, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-W.K.); (S.B.C.)
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Fragoso ZL, Holcombe KJ, McCluney CL, Fisher GG, McGonagle AK, Friebe SJ. Burnout and Engagement: Relative Importance of Predictors and Outcomes in Two Health Care Worker Samples. Workplace Health Saf 2016; 64:479-487. [PMID: 27282979 DOI: 10.1177/2165079916653414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study's purpose was twofold: first, to examine the relative importance of job demands and resources as predictors of burnout and engagement, and second, the relative importance of engagement and burnout related to health, depressive symptoms, work ability, organizational commitment, and turnover intentions in two samples of health care workers. Nurse leaders ( n = 162) and licensed emergency medical technicians (EMTs; n = 102) completed surveys. In both samples, job demands predicted burnout more strongly than job resources, and job resources predicted engagement more strongly than job demands. Engagement held more weight than burnout for predicting commitment, and burnout held more weight for predicting health outcomes, depressive symptoms, and work ability. Results have implications for the design, evaluation, and effectiveness of workplace interventions to reduce burnout and improve engagement among health care workers. Actionable recommendations for increasing engagement and decreasing burnout in health care organizations are provided.
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McCormack HM, MacIntyre TE, O'Shea D, Campbell MJ, Igou ER. Practicing What We Preach: Investigating the Role of Social Support in Sport Psychologists' Well-Being. Front Psychol 2015; 6:1854. [PMID: 26696923 PMCID: PMC4678188 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Well-being and mental health of psychologists and their clients can be strongly linked to the psychologists’ experience of work. We know from general theories of occupational health psychology that certain work factors will have a greater impact on well-being than others. Work engagement is positively related with occupational health, while burnout and workaholic tendencies relate negatively. An individual’s resources can buffer against these negative effects. Specifically, the environmental resource of social support can impede the impact and instance of workaholism and has a positive influence on burnout. Social support is often encouraged by sport psychologists in protecting an athlete’s well-being. Drawing on theory and research from work and organizational, health and social psychology we explore the lived experiences of burnout and work engagement among applied sport psychologists, investigating their perceptions of how these experiences impact their well-being. Thirty participants from five countries were asked, using semi-structured interviews, to recall specific incidents when feelings of work engagement and burnout occurred. We examined the influence of social support and its impact on these incidents. Thematic analysis revealed that burnout is frequently experienced despite high levels of work engagement. Sources of social support differ between groups of high burnout versus low burnout, as does reference to the dimensions of work engagement. Avenues for future research including investigating the role of mindfulness and therapeutic lifestyle changes for practitioners are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M McCormack
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick , Limerick, Ireland
| | - Tadhg E MacIntyre
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick , Limerick, Ireland
| | - Deirdre O'Shea
- Department of Employment Relations, Kemmy Business School, University of Limerick , Limerick, Ireland
| | - Mark J Campbell
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick , Limerick, Ireland
| | - Eric R Igou
- Department of Psychology, University of Limerick , Limerick, Ireland
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Sonnentag S. Dynamics of Well-Being. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY AND ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR 2015. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032414-111347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Sonnentag
- Department of Psychology, University of Mannheim, D-68131 Mannheim, Germany;
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Alarcon GM. A meta-analysis of burnout with job demands, resources, and attitudes. JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL BEHAVIOR 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvb.2011.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 304] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Stoeber J, Rennert D. Perfectionism in school teachers: relations with stress appraisals, coping styles, and burnout. ANXIETY STRESS AND COPING 2008; 21:37-53. [PMID: 18027123 DOI: 10.1080/10615800701742461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Many school teachers suffer from stress and burnout, and perfectionism is a personality characteristic that has been associated with increased stress, maladaptive coping, and burnout. Recent findings, however, show that perfectionism has both positive and negative facets. To investigate how these facets are related to stress, coping, and burnout in teachers, a sample of 118 secondary school teachers completed multidimensional measures of perfectionism, stress appraisals, coping styles, and burnout. Multiple regression analyses showed that striving for perfection was positively related to challenge appraisals and active coping and inversely to threat/loss appraisals, avoidant coping, and burnout whereas negative reactions to imperfection were positively related to threat/loss appraisals, avoidant coping, and burnout and inversely to challenge appraisals and active coping. Perceived pressure to be perfect showed differential relationships depending on the source of pressure: Whereas pressure from students was positively related to loss appraisals and pressure from students' parents was positively related to burnout, pressure from colleagues was inversely related to threat appraisals and burnout. The findings suggest that striving for perfection and perceived pressure from colleagues do not contribute to stress and burnout in teachers, whereas negative reactions to imperfection and perceived pressure from students and students' parents may be contributing factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Stoeber
- Department of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.
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Understanding pluralistic ignorance in organizations: application and theory. JOURNAL OF MANAGERIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2007. [DOI: 10.1108/02683940710721947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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