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Lan X, Wang Z, Zeng Z, Yao H, Xu W, Zhang Y. Association of Different Combinations of ALDH2 rs671, APOE rs429358, rs7412 Polymorphisms with Hypertension in Middle-Aged and Elderly People: A Case-Control Study. Int J Gen Med 2023; 16:915-927. [PMID: 36938306 PMCID: PMC10017832 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s402437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertensive patients have a younger trend, and studies on the role of genetic factors in hypertension susceptibility have been inconsistent. Aldehyde dehydrogenases 2 (ALDH2) and apolipoprotein E (APOE) are involved in the pathophysiological processes of hypertension. To investigate the relationship of ALDH2 and APOE polymorphisms with hypertension in middle-aged (30-59 years old) and elderly (≥60 years old) persons. Methods Two thousand six hundred and ten hypertensive patients and 1921 controls were included (between 30 and 100 years old). The genotypes of common polymorphisms in APOE and ALDH2 genes (APOE rs429358, rs7412, and ALDH2 rs671) of the subjects were analyzed by polymerase-chain reaction (PCR)-microarray. Statistical analyses (Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, χ 2 test, and logistic regression analysis) were performed with SPSS v21.0. Results There were 4531 participants (66.60 ± 12.10 years old) in this study, including 3057 (67.5%) males and 1474 (32.5%) females. There were no significant differences in distributions of ALDH2 rs671, APOE rs429358/rs7412 genotypes and alleles between hypertensive patients and controls. Persons with ALDH2 rs671 G/A or A/A genotype were less likely to have hypertension (G/A+A/A vs G/G: gender-, age-, smoking-, and drinking-adjusted OR 0.885, 95% CI 0.785-0.997, P=0.045), while ALDH2 rs671 A/A+APOE rs429358 or rs7412 wild-type genotype may decrease the risk of hypertension. In middle-aged group, ALDH2 rs671 G/A+APOE rs429358 T/C carriers (adjusted OR 0.547, 95% CI 0.350-0.856, P=0.008), and ALDH2 rs671 A/A+APOE rs7412 C/C genotypes (adjusted OR 0.567, 95% CI 0.361-0.891, P=0.014) were less likely to have hypertension. In elderly group, APOE rs7412 T/T carriers were more likely to have hypertension (rs671 T/T vs C/C: adjusted OR 4.755, 95% CI 1.075-21.027, P=0.040; rs671 T/T vs C/C or C/T: adjusted OR 4.734, 95% CI 1.071-20.928, P=0.040). Conclusion Polymorphism-polymorphism interactions of ALDH2 rs671 and APOE rs429358/rs7412 may effect on hypertension susceptibility. Different genotypes comparison shows different roles in middle-aged and elderly people, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Lan
- Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Xinping Lan, Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 63 Huangtang Road, Meijiang District, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China, Tel +753-2131-057, Email
| | - Zhenchang Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zifeng Zeng
- Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huaqing Yao
- Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiyong Xu
- Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxian Zhang
- Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou People’s Hospital, Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnostics of Cardiovascular Diseases, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine and Clinical Translational Research of Hakka Population, Meizhou, People’s Republic of China
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Reshetnikov EA, Stepanov VA, Serebrova VN, Bocharova AV, Trifonova EA, Ponomarenko IV, Reshetnikova YN, Efremova OA, Orlova VS, Batlutskaya IV, Sorokina IN, Churnosov MI. Genes TMEM136 and PPP1R12C Differentially Expressed in the Placenta Are Associated with Preeclampsia. RUSS J GENET+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795422120110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Habibian Sezavar A, Abyareh M, Fahimi R, Nyasulu PS, Abyadeh M. The association between maternal cadmium exposure and small for gestational age: a systematic review and meta-analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2022; 32:1469-1477. [PMID: 33656412 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2021.1892035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Several observational studies have found an association between maternal Cadmium (Cd) exposure and Small for Gestational Age (SGA). However, these findings are inconsistent. We conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between maternal cadmium exposure and SGA risk. A comprehensive search was performed through PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and OpenGrey to retrieve all pertinent studies published before October 2020. A combined odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were employed to examine this correlation. As a result, nine eligible studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in a systematic review, of those six studies containing sample type of blood were included in meta-analysis, and present meta-analysis showed that maternal cadmium exposure increased the risk of SGA 1.31 times (OR = 1.31; 95% CI = 1.16-1.47 for highest versus lowest category of cadmium). This meta-analysis suggests that maternal Cd exposure may be a risk factor for SGA. However, large prospective studies from different ethnic populations with consideration of other influencing parameters are needed to confirm this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Habibian Sezavar
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Abyareh
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Reza Fahimi
- Medical Research Center, Kateb University, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Peter Suwirakwenda Nyasulu
- Division of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Morteza Abyadeh
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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A Case-Control Study of the APELA Gene and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58050591. [PMID: 35630008 PMCID: PMC9146499 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58050591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs) are believed to comprise a group of multifactorial genetic diseases. Recently, it was reported that APELA-knockout mice exhibited HDP-like symptoms, including proteinuria and elevated blood pressure due to defective placental angiogenesis. The aim of the present study is to determine the associations between HDPs and single-nucleotide variants or haplotypes in the human APELA gene through a case-control study. The subjects were 196 pregnant women with HDPs and a control group of 254 women without HDPs. Six single-nucleotide variants (rs2068792, rs13120303, rs4541465, rs13152225, rs78639146, and rs67448487) were selected from the APELA gene region. Although there were no significant differences for each single-nucleotide polymorphism in the case-control study, the frequency of the T-A haplotypes rs4541465–rs67448487 was significantly higher in the HDP group, especially in those with gestational hypertension, than in the control group. The results suggest that the APELA gene may be a disease-susceptibility gene for HDP.
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Abyadeh M, Gupta V, Gupta V, Chitranshi N, Wu Y, Amirkhani A, Meyfour A, Sheriff S, Shen T, Dhiman K, Ghasem HS, Paul AH, Stuart LG, Mirzaei M. Comparative Analysis of Aducanumab, Zagotenemab and Pioglitazone as Targeted Treatment Strategies for Alzheimer's Disease. Aging Dis 2021; 12:1964-1976. [PMID: 34881080 PMCID: PMC8612603 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.0719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia that has remained a major medical, sociocultural and economical challenge globally. Previously developed treatments like anticholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonists only provide short-term symptomatic improvement and do not prevent progression. Repeated setbacks and failures over the past 25 years in AD clinical trials have hindered efforts to develop effective AD treatments. Fortunately, Aducanumab, a specific anti-amyloid β antibody, has shown promising clinical results and was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) through an accelerated approval pathway. This has raised hopes for AD patients; however post-approval trials are necessary to estimate the true scope of its clinical benefits. We have reviewed several AD clinical studies and summarized the experience to date with Aducanumab and two other potential AD drugs including Zagotenemab (an anti-tau antibody) and Pioglitazone (nuclear Peroxisome-Proliferator Activated Receptor γ (PPARγ) agonist). These have shown mixed results so far and the next few years will be critical to elucidate and interpret their broad long-term protective effects. A concerted effort is required to understand and strengthen the translation of pre-clinical findings from these drugs to routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Abyadeh
- 1Cell Science Research Center, Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vivek Gupta
- 2Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
| | - Veer Gupta
- 3School of Medicine, Deakin University, VIC, Australia
| | - Nitin Chitranshi
- 2Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
| | - Yunqi Wu
- 4Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
| | - Ardeshir Amirkhani
- 4Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
| | - Anna Meyfour
- 5Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samran Sheriff
- 2Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
| | - Ting Shen
- 2Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
| | - Kunal Dhiman
- 3School of Medicine, Deakin University, VIC, Australia
| | - H Salekdeh Ghasem
- 6Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
| | - A Haynes Paul
- 6Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
| | - L Graham Stuart
- 2Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
| | - Mehdi Mirzaei
- 2Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
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Rahimi Kakavandi N, Hashemi Moosavi M, Asadi T, Abyadeh M, Yarizadeh H, Sezavar AH, Abdollahi M. Association of maternal intake of nitrate and risk of birth defects and preterm birth: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2021; 77:514-523. [PMID: 34369859 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2021.1953955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the high versus low analysis method was applied to evaluate the association of maternal nitrate intake and risk of heart defect, limb deficiency, cleft lip, and preterm birth. Also, linear and non-linear dose-response associations between maternal intake of nitrate and risk of heart defects were investigated. In high versus low intake, the risk of heart defects in infants is directly associated with the level of nitrate exposure, but no significant relationship was found between the cleft lip, limb deficiency, and preterm birth. The linear dose-response meta-analysis was associated with risk of heart defects (RR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.00 to 1.05, P = 0.400, I2= 0%, P heterogeneity= 0.602, n = 3) and nonlinear dose-response meta-analysis showed that maternal intake of nitrate higher than ∼4 mg/day is positively associated with heart defects risk (P non-linearity= 0.012).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Rahimi Kakavandi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, and Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Students Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Motahareh Hashemi Moosavi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Asadi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Students Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Morteza Abyadeh
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Habib Yarizadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Habibian Sezavar
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, and Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, and Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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Habibian A, Abyadeh M, Abyareh M, Rahimi Kakavandi N, Habibian A, Khakpash M, Ghazi-Khansari M. Association of maternal lead exposure with the risk of preterm: a meta-analysis. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021; 35:7222-7230. [PMID: 34210236 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1946780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between maternal lead level and risk of preterm birth (PTB) remained controversial. Therefore, herein we performed this meta-analysis to investigate the association of maternal blood, urine and cord blood lead level with the risk of PTB using observational studies. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE and Ovid Medline databases from inception to August 2019, and sixteen studies with 65600 participants investigating the association between maternal lead level and PTB were included in our meta-analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated for the highest versus lowest lead level by random-effects model. RESULTS Overall, the pooled OR of all included articles for the highest versus lowest PTB score was 1.29 (95% CI = 1.14-1.46; I2 = 80.4%, p < .001), and the results revealed a direct and significant relationship between second and third trimester blood lead level (BLL) and PTB (OR 2nd trimester= 1.61, 95% CI = 1.08-2.40, OR 3rd trimester= 1.57, 95% CI = 1.11-2.23). CONCLUSION Results of this meta-analysis showed that maternal BLL is directly associated with the risk of PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Habibian
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Abyadeh
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Abyareh
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Nader Rahimi Kakavandi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Habibian
- Department of Midwifery, School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan Branch, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Maliheh Khakpash
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Ghazi-Khansari
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Sezavar AH, Pourhassan B, Kakavandi NR, Hooshangi Shayeste MR, Abyadeh M. Association of maternal blood lead concentration with the risk of small for gestational age: A dose-response meta-analysis. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2021; 77:293-300. [PMID: 33492189 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2021.1874857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In spite of growing evidence for the negative effect of lead, knowledge about the dose-response relationship of maternal blood lead level (BLL) and the risk of small for gestational age (SGA) is limited. We performed this meta-analysis to evaluate the dose-response relation between maternal BLL and the risk of SGA. A systematic search through Embase and PubMed was performed. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. The nonlinear and linear relationships between maternal BLL and the risk of SGA were also investigated. Results from 51,065 patients showed a significant association between maternal BLL and risk of SGA in highest versus lowest analysis (OR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.12-2.10, p = 0.007). While there was no association in linear dose-response (OR: 1.02; 95% CI: 1.00-1.04, p = 0.021) meta-analysis, a direct relationship was observed in the nonlinear model (nonlinearity p < 0.001). Results of this dose-response meta-analysis showed that maternal BLL higher than ∼ 0.3 µg/dL is directly associated with the risk of SGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Habibian Sezavar
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Pourhassan
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nader Rahimi Kakavandi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Morteza Abyadeh
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Raoufi A, Rahimi Kelarijani B, Ahadi HR, Hassani Derakhshandeh B, Nooroollahzadeh Z, Hajifathali A. Association of MTHFR C677T and A1298C Polymorphisms with Susceptibility to Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 50:83-92. [PMID: 34178766 PMCID: PMC8213616 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v50i1.5074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background: The relation between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase)MTHFR(polymorphisms and the risk of developing Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is not still clear, while there are reports about the association of MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms with developing CLL, there are other reports that rolled out the association of MTHFR polymorphisms with developing CLL. Therefore herein we carried out this meta-analysis to clear the association of MTHFR polymorphisms with the risk of CLL, Methods: A comprehensive search was performed through PubMed, Scopus and Embase from inception to Aug 2020. Odds ratios (OR) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for five possible genetic models were calculated. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the Cochran Q test and the I2 statistic. Results: Totals of 1290 cases and 1887 controls for the C677T polymorphism and 1117 cases and 1256 controls for the A1298C polymorphism were included in our analysis. Analyzing the MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms genotypes showed an association between MTHFR polymorphism at A1298C under Allelic model and the risk of CLL (OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.01–1.25), however there was no association between MTHFR polymorphism at MTHFR C677T and risk of CLL. Conclusion: The risk of developing CLL might be associated with MTHFR polymorphism at A1298C under allelic model and not associated with MTHFR polymorphisms at C677T, However, further studies considering other factors such as age, gender, ethnicity, gene-gene interaction and environmental condition are needed to clear the true association of MTHFR polymorphisms with CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Raoufi
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behdad Rahimi Kelarijani
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Ahadi
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Abbas Hajifathali
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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