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Khil J, Kim SM, Chang J, Choi S, Lee G, Son JS, Park SM, Keum N. Changes in total cholesterol level and cardiovascular disease risk among type 2 diabetes patients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8342. [PMID: 37221278 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33743-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite many diabetic patients having hypercholesterolemia, the association of total cholesterol (TC) levels with CVD risk in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients is unclear. Diagnosis of type 2 diabetes often leads to changes in total cholesterol (TC) levels. Thus, we examined whether changes in TC levels from pre- to post-diagnosis of T2D were associated with CVD risk. From the National Health Insurance Service Cohort, 23,821 individuals diagnosed with T2D from 2003 to 2012 were followed-up for non-fatal CVD incidence through 2015. Two measurements of TC, 2 years before and after T2D diagnosis, were classified into 3 levels (low, middle, high) to define changes in cholesterol levels. Cox proportional hazards regression was performed to estimate adjusted hazards ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between changes in cholesterol levels and CVD risk. Subgroup analyses were performed by use of lipid-lowering drugs. Compared with low-low, aHR of CVD was 1.31 [1.10-1.56] for low-middle and 1.80 [1.15-2.83] for low-high. Compared with middle-middle, aHR of CVD was 1.10 [0.92-1.31] for middle-high but 0.83 [0.73-0.94] for middle-low. Compared with high-high, aHR of CVD was 0.68 [0.56-0.83] for high-middle and 0.65 [0.49-0.86] for high-low. The associations were observed regardless of use of lipid-lowering drugs. For diabetic patients, management of TC levels may be important to lower CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewon Khil
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sung Min Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jooyoung Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seulggie Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Joung Sik Son
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Sang Min Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea.
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
| | - NaNa Keum
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea.
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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Liu HT, Deng NH, Wu ZF, Zhou ZY, Tian Z, Liu XY, Wang YX, Zheng HY, Ou YS, Jiang ZS. Statin's role on blood pressure levels: Meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2023; 25:238-250. [PMID: 36799888 PMCID: PMC9994171 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Statins have been proven to be effective in minimizing the risk of cardiovascular adverse events, however, their effect on BP variability is debatable with respect to their significance and their use as a potential anti-hypertensive. Using a meta-analysis approach, the aim of this study was to explore whether certain statins have the potential to lower blood pressure (BP). For the period 2002-2022, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched for the studies that examined the effect of statins on blood pressure in normotensive or hypertensive individuals. Randomized controlled clinical trials that investigated this effect were included based on our inclusion criteria. Our primary outcomes were changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The final analysis of the study included 49 RCTs involving 45 173 participants randomized to receive either statins or placebo. Among the two groups, the total weighted mean difference (WMD) for systolic blood pressure (ΔSBP) was -1.42 (95% CI: -2.38, -0.46; p = .004) and diastolic blood pressure (ΔDBP) was 0.82 (95% CI: -1.28, -0.36; p = .0005). Despite various studies suggesting the efficacy of statins in blood pressure lowering to be significant and non-significant both, we observed a decrease in SBP and DBP both, although the change was not as large and could be considered significant. A large multicenter, multi-ethnic, large sample pool size, and a long period follow-up study is still required to assert these claims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ting Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Nian Hua Deng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Ze Fan Wu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zhan Yang Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhen Tian
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xi Yan Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yan Xia Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Hong Yu Zheng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yang Shao Ou
- The Second Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zhi Sheng Jiang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerosis of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
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Costa GS, Julião-Silva LS, Belo VS, de Oliveira HCF, Chaves VE. A systematic review and meta-analyses on the effects of atorvastatin on blood pressure and heart rate. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOTHERAPY 2022; 9:100-115. [PMID: 36138492 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvac053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Considering the inconsistencies in the literature on the atorvastatin effect on blood pressure (BP), we performed these meta-analyses. METHODS AND RESULTS Through a search of the Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), PubMed, and Web of Science databases, 1412 articles were identified, from which 33 randomized clinical trials (RCT) and 44 pre-clinical were selected. Populations from RCT were stratified according to baseline BP and lipid levels. We performed meta-analyses of the effect of atorvastatin on systolic (SBP), diastolic and mean BP; heart rate (HR); HR variability, and baroreflex. Atorvastatin reduced SBP in the overall population (P = 0.05 vs. placebo; P = 0.03 vs. baseline), in normotensive and hyperlipidaemic (P = 0.04 vs. placebo; P = 0.0001 vs. baseline) and in hypertensive and hyperlipidaemic (P = 0.02 vs. placebo; P = 0.008 vs. baseline) individuals in parallel RCT, but it did not affect SBP in normotensive and normolipidaemic individuals (P = 0.51 vs. placebo; P = 0.4 vs. baseline). Although an effect of atorvastatin was detected in hyperlipidaemic individuals, the meta-regression coefficient for the association of low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol reduction with SBP reduction in the overall population demonstrated that SBP reduction is not dependent on the changes in LDL-cholesterol. A meta-analysis of preclinical reports demonstrated that SBP was reduced in atorvastatin-treated hypertensive and normolipidaemic rats (spontaneously hypertensive rats: P < 0.00001), but not in normotensive and normolipidaemic rats (control rats: P = 0.97). Atorvastatin also reduced the HR in spontaneously hypertensive rat. CONCLUSION Atorvastatin lowers BP independent of LDL-cholesterol levels. Additional studies are needed to estimate the involvement of the autonomic nervous system in the BP-lowering effect of atorvastatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel S Costa
- Laboratory of Physiology, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Avenue Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, 35.501-296, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Letícia S Julião-Silva
- Laboratory of Physiology, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Avenue Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, 35.501-296, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vinícius S Belo
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Avenue Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, 35.501-296, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Helena C F de Oliveira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Biology Institute, State University of Campinas, Monteiro Lobato Street, 255, 13.083-862, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valéria E Chaves
- Laboratory of Physiology, Federal University of São João del-Rei, Avenue Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho, 400, 35.501-296, Divinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Borghi C, Fogacci F, Agnoletti D, Cicero AFG. Hypertension and Dyslipidemia Combined Therapeutic Approaches. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 2022; 29:221-230. [PMID: 35334087 PMCID: PMC9050771 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-022-00507-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Treating blood pressure (BP) alone may provide only limited benefits while it is recommendable to manage the total cardiovascular risk. To date, several studies have shown that concomitant treatment of hypertension and dyslipidemia with non-pharmacological approaches and/or metabolically neutral antihypertensive drugs and statins produce a significantly greater reduction of the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Thus, in this review article, we summarize the available evidence regarding non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches with a favourable effect on both BP and lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Borghi
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Factors Research Center, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, U.O. Medicina Interna Cardiovascolare, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Albertoni, 15, 40138, Bologna, Italy. .,IRCCS AOU S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Federica Fogacci
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Factors Research Center, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, U.O. Medicina Interna Cardiovascolare, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Albertoni, 15, 40138, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS AOU S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Davide Agnoletti
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Factors Research Center, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, U.O. Medicina Interna Cardiovascolare, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Albertoni, 15, 40138, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS AOU S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Arrigo F G Cicero
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Factors Research Center, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, U.O. Medicina Interna Cardiovascolare, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Via Albertoni, 15, 40138, Bologna, Italy.,IRCCS AOU S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
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Lee S, Yang S, Chang MJ. Antihypertensive effects of rosuvastatin in patients with hypertension and dyslipidemia: A systemic review and meta-analysis of randomized studies. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260391. [PMID: 34818350 PMCID: PMC8612562 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Some studies have suggested the antihypertensive effects of statins, a class of lipid-lowering agents, particularly in patients with hypertension. However, the evidence for the role of statins in blood pressure (BP) lowering is controversial, and no meta-analysis of rosuvastatin therapy has been conducted to assess its BP-lowering effects. Therefore, the aim of this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was to investigate the effects of rosuvastatin on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in patients with hypertension. We systematically searched the electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library to identify RCTs in which patients were assigned to groups of rosuvastatin plus antihypertensive agents vs. antihypertensive agents. The three authors independently selected the studies, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality. We included five RCTs in this meta-analysis with 288 patients treated with rosuvastatin and 219 patients without rosuvastatin. The mean DBP in the rosuvastatin group was significantly lower than that in the non-rosuvastatin group by -2.12 mmHg (95% confidence interval (CI) -3.72 to -0.52; Pfixed-effects model = 0.009; I2 = 0%, Pheterogeneity = 0.97). Rosuvastatin treatment also lowered the mean SBP compared with the non-rosuvastatin treatment by -2.27 mmHg, but not significantly (95% CI - 4.75 to 0.25; Pfixed-effects model = 0.08; I2 = 0%, Pheterogeneity = 0.82). In this study, we reviewed the antihypertensive effects of rosuvastatin in patients with hypertension and dyslipidemia. We demonstrated a modest significant reduction of DBP and a trend toward a lowered SBP in patients with hypertension with rosuvastatin therapy. Rosuvastatin could be beneficial to control hypertension and, consequently, contribute toward reducing the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with hypertension and dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjae Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicine and Regulatory Sciences, Colleges of Medicine and Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwon Yang
- Department of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Chang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicine and Regulatory Sciences, Colleges of Medicine and Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Industrial Pharmaceutical Science, Yonsei University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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6
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Wood G, Taylor E, Ng V, Murrell A, Patil A, van der Touw T, Sigal R, Wolden M, Smart N. Determining the effect size of aerobic exercise training on the standard lipid profile in sedentary adults with three or more metabolic syndrome factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Br J Sports Med 2021; 56:bjsports-2021-103999. [PMID: 34193471 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2021-103999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate the change in the standard lipid profile (SLP) of adults diagnosed with ≥3 metabolic syndrome (MetS) factors following aerobic exercise training (AET); and to investigate whether study/intervention covariates are associated with this change. DESIGN Systematic review with univariate meta-analysis and meta-regression. DATA SOURCES English language searches of online databases from inception until July 2020. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: (1) Published randomised controlled human trials with study population ≥10 per group; (2) sedentary adults with ≥3 MetS factors but otherwise free of chronic disease, not pregnant/lactating; (3) AET-only intervention with duration ≥12 weeks; and (4) reporting pre-post intervention SLP outcomes. RESULTS Various univariate meta-analyses pooled 48 data sets of 2990 participants. Aerobic exercise training significantly (P<.001) improved all lipids (mmol/L mean difference ranges, 95% CIs): total cholesterol, -0.19 (-0.26 to -0.12) to -0.29 (-0.36 to -0.21); triglycerides, -0.17 (-0.19 to -0.14) to -0.18 (-0.24 to -0.13); high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), 0.05 (0.03 to 0.07) to 0.10 (0.05 to 0.15); and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), -0.12 (-0.16 to -0.9) to -0.20 (-0.25 to -0.14). Meta-regression showed that intensity may explain change in triglycerides and volume may explain change in HDL-C and LDL-C. CONCLUSION Aerobic exercise training positively changes the SLP of sedentary and otherwise healthy adults with ≥3 MetS factors. Adjusting AET intervention training variables may increase the effects of AET on triglycerides and HDL-C. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020151925.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gina Wood
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University Faculty of Health Sciences, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England School of Science and Technology, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emily Taylor
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England School of Science and Technology, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vanessa Ng
- School of Rural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anna Murrell
- School of Rural Medicine, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Aditya Patil
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England School of Science and Technology, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tom van der Touw
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England School of Science and Technology, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ronald Sigal
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mitch Wolden
- Physical Therapy, University of Jamestown, Jamestown, North Dakota, USA
| | - Neil Smart
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England School of Science and Technology, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
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Kim H, Lee CJ, Choi D, Kim BK, Kim IC, Kim JS, Ahn CM, Hong GR, Cho IJ, Shim CY, Lee SH. Lipid-Lowering Efficacy and Safety of a New Generic Rosuvastatin in Koreans: an 8-Week Randomized Comparative Study with a Proprietary Rosuvastatin. J Lipid Atheroscler 2020; 9:283-290. [PMID: 32821737 PMCID: PMC7379087 DOI: 10.12997/jla.2020.9.2.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate whether a new generic rosuvastatin is non-inferior to a proprietary one in terms of lipid-lowering efficacy. We also evaluated its non-lipid effects including adverse events. Methods One-hundred and fifty-eight patients with cardiovascular risks requiring pharmacological lipid-lowering therapy were screened. After a 4-week run-in period, 126 individuals who met the lipid criteria for drug therapy were randomly assigned to receive the new generic or proprietary rosuvastatin 10 mg daily for 8 weeks. The primary outcome variables were low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction and LDL-C target achievement. Hematological and biochemical parameters and adverse events were assessed. Results After 8 weeks of drug treatment, the mean percentage change in LDL-C was not different between the groups (−45.5%±19.9% and −45.1%±19.0% for generic and proprietary rosuvastatin, respectively; p=0.38). The LDL-C target achievement rate was similar between the groups (75.0% and 77.1% for generic and proprietary rosuvastatin, respectively; p=0.79). The percentage change in the other lipid profiles was not significantly different. Although generic- and proprietary rosuvastatins modestly affected creatine kinase and blood pressure, respectively, the changes were all within normal ranges. Incidence of adverse events did not differ between the receivers of the 2 formulations. Conclusion The new generic rosuvastatin was non-inferior to the proprietary rosuvastatin in terms of lipid-lowering efficacy. The rosuvastatin formulations did not exhibit clinically significant non-lipid effects with good safety profiles. Our study provides comprehensive data regarding 2 rosuvastatin formulations in East Asian subjects. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03949374
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoeun Kim
- Department of Health Promotion, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan Joo Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Donghoon Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byeong-Keuk Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - In-Cheol Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung-Sun Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul-Min Ahn
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Geu-Ru Hong
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - In-Jeong Cho
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chi-Young Shim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Hak Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Simvastatin Attenuates Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Formation Favoured by Lack of Nrf2 Transcriptional Activity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6340190. [PMID: 32617140 PMCID: PMC7315306 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6340190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Surgical intervention is currently the only option for an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), preventing its rupture and sudden death of a patient. Therefore, it is crucial to determine the pathogenic mechanisms of this disease for the development of effective pharmacological therapies. Oxidative stress is said to be one of the pivotal factors in the pathogenesis of AAAs. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the significance of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcriptional activity in the development of AAA and to verify if simvastatin, administered as pre- and cotreatment, may counteract this structural malformation. Experiments were performed on mice with inhibited transcriptional activity of Nrf2 (tKO) and wild-type (WT) counterparts. We used a model of angiotensin II- (AngII-) induced AAA, combined with a fat-enriched diet. Mice were administered with AngII or saline for up to 28 days via osmotic minipumps. Simvastatin administration was started 7 days before the osmotic pump placement and then continued until the end of the experiment. We found that Nrf2 inactivation increased the risk of development and rupture of AAA. Importantly, these effects were reversed by simvastatin in tKO mice, but not in WT. The abrupt blood pressure rise induced by AngII was mitigated in simvastatin-treated animals regardless of the genotype. Simvastatin-affected parameters that differed between the healthy structure of the aorta and aneurysmal tissue included immune cell infiltration of the aortic wall, VCAM1 mRNA and protein level, extracellular matrix degradation, TGF-β1 mRNA level, and ERK phosphorylation, but neither oxidative stress nor the level of Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor (AT1R). Taken together, the inhibition of Nrf2 transcriptional activity facilitates AAA formation in mice, which can be prevented by simvastatin. It suggests that statin treatment of patients with hypercholesterolemia might have not only a beneficial effect in terms of controlling atherosclerosis but also potential AAA prevention.
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Grootaert C, Voorspoels S, Jacobs G, Matthijs B, Possemiers S, Van der Saag H, Van Camp J, Lucey A. Clinical aspects of egg bioactive peptide research: a review. Int J Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Grootaert
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Human Nutrition Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University Coupure Links 653 B‐9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Stefan Voorspoels
- Flemisch Institute for Technological Research (VITO NV, Vlaamse Instelling voor Technologisch Onderzoek) Boeretang 200 B‐2400 Mol Belgium
| | - Griet Jacobs
- Flemisch Institute for Technological Research (VITO NV, Vlaamse Instelling voor Technologisch Onderzoek) Boeretang 200 B‐2400 Mol Belgium
| | - Bea Matthijs
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Human Nutrition Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University Coupure Links 653 B‐9000 Ghent Belgium
| | | | - Hans Van der Saag
- Bioactor BV Brightlands Health Campus Gaetano Martinolaan 85 6229 GS Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - John Van Camp
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Human Nutrition Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University Coupure Links 653 B‐9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Alice Lucey
- Cork Centre for Vitamin D and Nutrition Research School of Food & Nutritional Sciences University College Cork Western Road T12 HY8E Cork Ireland
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Welsh
- From the Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Grootaert C, Matthijs B, Voorspoels S, Possemiers S, Smagghe G, Van Camp J. Egg-derived bioactive peptides with ACE-inhibitory properties: a literature update. Food Funct 2017; 8:3847-3855. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00839b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Egg proteins contain a wide set of peptide sequences which have an impact on cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Grootaert
- Department of Food Safety and Food Quality
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering
- Ghent University
- 9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| | - Bea Matthijs
- Department of Food Safety and Food Quality
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering
- Ghent University
- 9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| | - Stefan Voorspoels
- Flemisch Institute for Technological Research (VITO NV
- Vlaamse Instelling voor Technologisch Onderzoek)
- Boeretang 200 B-2400 Mol
- Belgium
| | | | - Guy Smagghe
- Department of Crop Protection
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering
- Ghent University
- 9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| | - John Van Camp
- Department of Food Safety and Food Quality
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering
- Ghent University
- 9000 Ghent
- Belgium
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