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Demmer W, Schinacher J, Wiggenhauser PS, Giunta RE. Use of Acellular Matrices as Scaffolds in Cartilage Regeneration: A Systematic Review. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2024. [PMID: 38775424 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2024.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Significance: Cartilage regeneration remains a significant challenge in the field of regenerative medicine. Acellular matrix (AM)-based cartilage tissue regeneration offers an innovative approach to repairing cartilage defects by providing a scaffold for new tissue growth. Its significance lies in its potential to restore joint function, mitigate pain, and improve the quality of life for patients suffering from cartilage-related injuries and conditions. Recent Advances: Recent advances in AM-based cartilage regeneration have focused on enhancing scaffold properties for improved cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Moreover, several scaffold techniques such as combining acellular dermal matrix (ADM) and acellular cartilage matrix (ACM) with cartilage tissue, as well as biphasic scaffolding, enjoy rising research activity. Incorporating bioactive factors and advanced manufacturing techniques holds promise for producing more biomimetic scaffolds, advancing efficient cartilage repair and regeneration. Critical Issues: Obstacles in AM-based cartilage regeneration include achieving proper integration with the surrounding tissue and ensuring long-term durability of the regenerated cartilage. Furthermore, issues such as high costs and limited availability of suitable cells for scaffold seeding must be considered. The heterogeneity and limited regenerative capabilities of cartilage need to be addressed for successful clinical translation. Future Directions: Research should focus on exploring advanced biomaterials and developing new techniques, regarding easily reproducible scaffolds, ideally constructed from clinically validated and readily available commercial products. Findings underline the potential of AM-based approaches, especially the rising exploration of tissue-derived ADM and ACM. In future, the primary objective should not only be the regeneration of small cartilage defects but rather focus on fully regenerating a joint or larger cartilage defect.
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Wang Y, Wen J, Lu T, Han W, Jiao K, Li H. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Bone-Related Diseases: Intercellular Communication Messengers and Therapeutic Engineering Protagonists. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:3233-3257. [PMID: 38601346 PMCID: PMC11005933 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s441467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can deliver various bioactive molecules among cells, making them promising diagnostic and therapeutic alternatives in diseases. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived EVs (MSC-EVs) have shown therapeutic potential similar to MSCs but with drawbacks such as lower yield, reduced biological activities, off-target effects, and shorter half-lives. Improving strategies utilizing biotechniques to pretreat MSCs and enhance the properties of released EVs, as well as modifying MSC-EVs to enhance targeting abilities and achieve controlled release, shows potential for overcoming application limitations and enhancing therapeutic effects in treating bone-related diseases. This review focuses on recent advances in functionalizing MSC-EVs to treat bone-related diseases. Firstly, we underscore the significance of MSC-EVs in facilitating crosstalk between cells within the skeletal environment. Secondly, we highlight strategies of functional-modified EVs for treating bone-related diseases. We explore the pretreatment of stem cells using various biotechniques to enhance the properties of resulting EVs, as well as diverse approaches to modify MSC-EVs for targeted delivery and controlled release. Finally, we address the challenges and opportunities for further research on MSC-EVs in bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyi Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Wen
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Centre for Orofacial Regeneration, Reconstruction and Rehabilitation (COR3), School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4006, Australia
| | - Tong Lu
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Han
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Jiao
- Department of Stomatology, Tangdu Hospital & State Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huang Li
- Department of Orthodontics, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Research Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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Morici L, Gonzalez-Fernandez P, Jenni S, Porcello A, Allémann E, Jordan O, Rodríguez-Nogales C. Nanocrystal-chitosan particles for intra-articular delivery of disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs. Int J Pharm 2024; 651:123754. [PMID: 38163526 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is the most common chronic joint disease and a major health care concern due to the lack of efficient treatments. This is mainly related to the local and degenerative nature of this disease. Kartogenin was recently reported as a disease-modifying osteoarthritis drug that promotes cartilage repair, but its therapeutic effect is impeded by its very low solubility. Therefore, we designed a unique nanocrystal-chitosan particle intra-articular delivery system for osteoarthritis treatment that merges the following formulation techniques: nanosize reduction of a drug by wet milling and spray drying. The intermediate formulation (kartogenin nanocrystals) increased the solubility and dissolution rates of kartogenin. The final drug delivery system consisted of an easily resuspendable and ready-to-use microsphere powder for intra-articular injection. Positively charged chitosan microspheres with a median size of approximately 10 µm acted as a mothership drug delivery system for kartogenin nanocrystals in a simulated intra-articular injection. The microspheres showed suitable stability and a controlled release profile in synovial fluid and were nontoxic in human synoviocytes. The cartilage retention skills of the microspheres were also explored ex vivo using cartilage. This drug delivery system shows promise for advancement to preclinical stages in osteoarthritis therapy and scale-up production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Morici
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Paula Gonzalez-Fernandez
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Sébastien Jenni
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Porcello
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Eric Allémann
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Jordan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
| | - Carlos Rodríguez-Nogales
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
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Singh D, Arora S, Arora V. A Short Appraisal of Biomimetic Hydrogels to Improve Penetration of Poorly Permeable Drugs. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2023; 21:374-384. [PMID: 38010949 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2023.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective drug delivery to target sites is critical for achieving desired therapeutic outcomes. However, the poor permeability of certain drugs poses significant challenges in achieving adequate drug concentrations at the desired locations. Biomimetic hydrogels have emerged as a promising approach to enhance the penetration of poorly permeable drugs. These hydrogels, designed to mimic natural biological systems, offer unique properties and functionalities that enable improved drug permeation. In this review, we provide a comprehensive appraisal of the role of biomimetic hydrogels in enhancing drug penetration. We discuss the design principles, properties, and mechanisms by which these hydrogels facilitate drug permeation. Specifically, we explore the applications and benefits of biomimetic hydrogels in controlled drug release, mimicking extracellular matrix microenvironments, promoting cell-mimetic interactions, and enabling targeted drug delivery. Through an examination of key studies and advancements, we highlight the potential of biomimetic hydrogels in enhancing drug penetration and their implications for therapeutic interventions. This review contributes to a deeper understanding of biomimetic hydrogels as a promising strategy for overcoming drug penetration challenges and advancing drug delivery systems, ultimately leading to improved therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilpreet Singh
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Sahil Arora
- School of Medical and Allied Sciences, GD Goenka University, Sohna, India
| | - Vimal Arora
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
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