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Peng L, Zhu X, Wang C, Jiang Q, Yu S, Song G, Liu Q, Gong P. Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) reduces apoptosis and improves neurological function after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by modulating microglia inflammation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3145. [PMID: 38326384 PMCID: PMC10850550 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53636-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Indole-3-carbinol(I3C) is a tumor chemopreventive substance that can be extracted from cruciferous vegetables. Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) has been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we investigated the cerebral protective effects of I3C in an in vivo rats model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). 8-10 Week-Old male SD rat received I3C (150 mg/kg, once daily) for 3 days and underwent 3 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by reperfusion. The results showed that I3C pretreatment (150 mg/kg, once daily) prevented CIRI-induced cerebral infarction in rats. I3C pretreatment also decreased the mRNA expression levels of several apoptotic proteins, including Bax, caspase-3 and caspase-9, by increasing the mRNA expression levels of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Inhibited apoptosis in the brain cells of MCAO rats. In addition, we found that I3C pretreatment reduced neuronal loss, promoted neurological recovery after ischemia-reperfusion injury and increased seven-day survival in MCAO rats. I3C pretreatment also significantly reduced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (INOS), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA in ischemic brain tissue; Increased expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) mRNA. At the same time, I3C pretreatment significantly decreased the expression of the M1 microglial marker IBA1 after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and increased the expression of these results in the M2 microglial marker CD206. I3C pretreatment also significantly decreased apoptosis and death of HAPI microglial cells after hypoxia induction, decreased interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA The expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) mRNAs was increased. These results suggest that I3C protects the brain from CIRI by regulating the anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ganzhou Hospital of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Ganzhou Municipal Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xingjia Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chenxing Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qiaoji Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Yancheng, 224000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shian Yu
- Department of Surgery, Infectious Disease Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University (Nanchang Ninth Hospital), Nanchang, China
| | - Gaochao Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
| | - Peipei Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
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Elson DJ, Kolluri SK. Tumor-Suppressive Functions of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) and AhR as a Therapeutic Target in Cancer. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12040526. [PMID: 37106727 PMCID: PMC10135996 DOI: 10.3390/biology12040526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor involved in regulating a wide range of biological responses. A diverse array of xenobiotics and endogenous small molecules bind to the receptor and drive unique phenotypic responses. Due in part to its role in mediating toxic responses to environmental pollutants, AhR activation has not been traditionally viewed as a viable therapeutic approach. Nonetheless, the expression and activation of AhR can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and survival of cancer cells, and many clinically approved drugs transcriptionally activate AhR. Identification of novel select modulators of AhR-regulated transcription that promote tumor suppression is an active area of investigation. The development of AhR-targeted anticancer agents requires a thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving tumor suppression. Here, we summarized the tumor-suppressive mechanisms regulated by AhR with an emphasis on the endogenous functions of the receptor in opposing carcinogenesis. In multiple different cancer models, the deletion of AhR promotes increased tumorigenesis, but a precise understanding of the molecular cues and the genetic targets of AhR involved in this process is lacking. The intent of this review was to synthesize the evidence supporting AhR-dependent tumor suppression and distill insights for development of AhR-targeted cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Elson
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Siva K. Kolluri
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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3
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Ghasemi H, Jamshidi A, Ghatee MA, Mazhab-Jafari K, Khorasani M, Rahmati M, Mohammadi S. PPARγ activation by pioglitazone enhances the anti-proliferative effects of doxorubicin on pro-monocytic THP-1 leukemia cells via inducing apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2022; 42:429-438. [PMID: 34645362 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2021.1988972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Doxorubicin (DOX) is a common chemotherapeutic agent, with toxic side effects, and chemoresistance. Combination chemotherapy is a successful approach to overcome these limitations. Here, we investigated the effects of pioglitazone (PGZ), a PPARγ agonist, and/or DOX on the viability, cell cycle, apoptosis on THP-1 cells and normal human monocytes (NHMs). METHODS MTT assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of DOX and/or PGZ. Cell cycle progression and apoptosis induction were examined by PI or Annexin V-PI double staining, and analyzed by flow cytometry. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to evaluate the changes in the mRNA expression of cell cycle progression or apoptosis-associated genes including P27, P21, CDK2, P53, BCL2 and FasR. RESULTS DOX, PGZ and DOX + PGZ exerted their cytotoxic effects in a dose- and time-dependent manner with low toxicity on NHMs. The cell growth inhibitory effects of DOX were in association with G2/M arrest, while PGZ executed S phase arrest. PGZ treatment enhanced G2/M among DOX-treated combinations with moderate elevation in the S phase. DOX, PGZ and combined treatments induced apoptosis (mostly late phase) in a dose-dependent manner. All treatments resulted in the significant overexpression of p21, p27, p53 and FasR genes and downregulation of CDK2. DOX + PGZ combined treatments exhibited the most significant changes in mRNA expression. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that the antiproliferative, cell cycle regulation and apoptosis-inducing capacity of DOX was enhanced by PGZ in THP-1 leukemia cells in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, the combination of DOX + PGZ could be used as a novel combination to target AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Ghasemi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Abadan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | - Ali Jamshidi
- Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Ghatee
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Komeil Mazhab-Jafari
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Abadan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | - Milad Khorasani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Mina Rahmati
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Saeed Mohammadi
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
- Stem Cell Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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4
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Grishanova AY, Perepechaeva ML. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Oxidative Stress as a Double Agent and Its Biological and Therapeutic Significance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126719. [PMID: 35743162 PMCID: PMC9224361 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has long been implicated in the induction of a battery of genes involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics and endogenous compounds. AhR is a ligand-activated transcription factor necessary for the launch of transcriptional responses important in health and disease. In past decades, evidence has accumulated that AhR is associated with the cellular response to oxidative stress, and this property of AhR must be taken into account during investigations into a mechanism of action of xenobiotics that is able to activate AhR or that is susceptible to metabolic activation by enzymes encoded by the genes that are under the control of AhR. In this review, we examine various mechanisms by which AhR takes part in the oxidative-stress response, including antioxidant and prooxidant enzymes and cytochrome P450. We also show that AhR, as a participant in the redox balance and as a modulator of redox signals, is being increasingly studied as a target for a new class of therapeutic compounds and as an explanation for the pathogenesis of some disorders.
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Li Q, Xia B, Wu J, Yuan X, Lu X, Huang C, Gu H, Zheng K, You Q, Liu K. Indole-3-Carbinol (I3C) Protects the Heart From Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Cellular Apoptosis in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:924174. [PMID: 35734410 PMCID: PMC9208008 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.924174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Strategies for treating myocardial ischemia in the clinic usually include re-canalization of the coronary arteries to restore blood supply to the myocardium. However, myocardial reperfusion insult often leads to oxidative stress and inflammation, which in turn leads to apoptosis and necrosis of myocardial cells, for which there are no standard treatment methods. The aim of this study was to determine the pharmacological effect of indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a phytochemical found in most cruciferous vegetables, in a mouse model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI). Our results showed that I3C pretreatment (100 mg/kg, once daily, i. p.) prevented the MIRI-induced increase in infarct size and serum creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in mice. I3C pretreatment also suppressed cardiac apoptosis in MIRI mice by increasing the expression levels of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and decreasing the expression levels of several apoptotic proteins, including Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9. In addition, I3C pretreatment was found to reduce the levels of parameters reflecting oxidative stress, such as dihydroethidium (DHE), malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and nitric oxide (NO), while increasing the levels of parameters reflecting anti-oxidation, such as total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and glutathione (GSH), in MIRI-induced ischemic heart tissue. I3C pretreatment was also able to remarkably decrease the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA in ischemic heart tissue. These results demonstrate that administration of I3C protects the heart from MIRI through its anti-apoptotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Boyu Xia
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hongcheng Gu
- Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Koulong Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qingsheng You
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Qingsheng You, ; Kun Liu,
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- *Correspondence: Qingsheng You, ; Kun Liu,
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Tan Q, Liu G, Zhao C, Gao M, Zhang X, Chen G, Li L, Huang X, Zhang Y, Lv J, Xu D. Layered Double Hydroxide@Metal-Organic Framework Hybrids for Extraction of Indole-3-Carbinol From Cruciferous Vegetables. Front Nutr 2022; 9:841257. [PMID: 35656156 PMCID: PMC9152278 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.841257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cruciferous vegetables are rich in glucosinolates, which can be metabolized to produce the antitumor compound indole-3-carbinol (I3C). The conventional solvent extraction method for I3C is inefficient. To improve the extraction efficiency of I3C from cruciferous vegetables, we prepared a metal-organic framework (MOF) material (Fe3O4@Zn-Al-LDH@B-D-MIL-100). First, Fe3O4 nanoparticles were introduced to layered double hydroxides by in situ polymerization. Then, the MOF material was grown on the surface of the layered double hydroxide by co-precipitation and the layer-by-layer self-assembly method. This gave Fe3O4@Zn-Al-LDH@B-D-MIL-100, which was characterized using a variety of techniques. The results showed that Fe3O4@Zn-Al-LDH@B-D-MIL-100 had a double-layer porous structure, excellent superparamagnetism (11.54955 emu/g), a large specific surface area (174.04 m2/g), and a pore volume (0.26 cm3/g). The extraction conditions for I3C were optimized. Non-linear fitting of the static adsorption model showed that the adsorption was mainly monolayer. Fe3O4@Zn-Al-LDH@B-D-MIL-100 had fast adsorption kinetics and could extract 95% of I3C in 45 min. It is superior to the traditional solvent extraction method because of its high enrichment efficiency in a short time and environmental friendliness. The successful preparation of the new nanomaterial will provide a new reference for the enrichment and extraction of the I3C industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyue Tan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Guangyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chenxi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Mingkun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Analysis-Testing for Agro-Products and Food, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Ge Chen
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyun Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yaowei Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jun Lv
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Donghui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetables Quality and Safety Control, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Vegetable Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Gunin AG, Golubtzova NN. Changes in the Number of p23-Positive Fibroblasts in Human Dermis with Aging. ADVANCES IN GERONTOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s2079057022020084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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8
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Gunin AG, Kornilova NK. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Human Dermal Fibroblasts in the Aging Process. ADVANCES IN GERONTOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s2079057021020053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Zeng X, Xia S, Yan X, Hu C, An K, Luo L. High expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) plays an important role in the formation of fibrous epulis. Oral Dis 2021; 28:2258-2266. [PMID: 34139032 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Epulis is considered to be a massive reactive lesion rather than a true neoplasia. AhR is thought to be associated with inflammation and development of neoplasms. Here, we aimed to observe the expression of AhR in fibrous epulis and explore its role and possible mechanism in the pathogenesis of epulis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Epulis and normal gingival tissues were collected, and AhR expression was detected at the mRNA and protein levels by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines and apoptosis-related factor genes in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) and human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) transfected with AhR short interfering RNA (siRNA) or negative control siRNA, upon stimulation with lipopolysaccharide of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg-LPS), were then examined. Finally, the expression levels of the proinflammatory cytokines and apoptosis-related factor genes in the epulis tissues were observed by qPCR. RESULTS AhR expression in fibrous epulis was significantly increased at both the mRNA and protein levels. The expression of proinflammatory cytokines and apoptosis-related factor genes in hPDLCs transfected with AhR siRNA was significantly decreased when stimulated with Pg-LPS. The same trends were observed for hGFs. The opposite trend was detected in the epulis tissues. CONCLUSION AhR may be a key factor in fibrous epulis pathogenesis that acts by regulating the expression of BCL2 family genes and inflammatory factor-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuwen Zeng
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siying Xia
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangzhen Yan
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Congjiao Hu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kangkang An
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijun Luo
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Lee JY, Lim HM, Lee CM, Park SH, Nam MJ. Indole-3-carbinol inhibits the proliferation of colorectal carcinoma LoVo cells through activation of the apoptotic signaling pathway. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:2099-2112. [PMID: 34085558 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211021475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) is a phytochemical that exhibits growth-inhibitory activity against various cancer cells. However, there are limited studies on the effects of I3C on colon cancer cells. In this study, the growth-inhibitory activity of I3C against the human colorectal carcinoma cell line (LoVo) was examined. The results of the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, colony formation, and cell counting assays revealed that I3C suppressed the proliferation of LoVo cells. Microscopy and wound-healing analyses revealed that I3C affected the morphology and inhibited the migration of LoVo cells, respectively. I3C induced apoptosis and DNA fragmentation as evidenced by the results of fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated annexin V staining and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling assay, respectively. Additionally, I3C arrested the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase and enhanced the reactive oxygen species levels. Western blotting analysis revealed that treatment with I3C resulted in the activation of apoptotic proteins, such as poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-9, Bax, Bim, and p53 in LoVo cells. These results indicate that I3C induces apoptosis in LoVo cells by upregulating p53, leading to the activation of Bax and caspases. Taken together, I3C exerts cytotoxic effects on LoVo cells by activating apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Lee
- Department of Biological Science, 65440Gachon University, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - H M Lim
- Department of Biological Science, 65440Gachon University, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - C M Lee
- Department of Bio&Chemical Engineering, 65686Hongik University, Jochiwon-eup, Sejong-si, Republic of Korea
| | - S-H Park
- Department of Bio&Chemical Engineering, 65686Hongik University, Jochiwon-eup, Sejong-si, Republic of Korea
| | - M J Nam
- Department of Biological Science, 65440Gachon University, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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11
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Gunin AG, Golubtzova NN. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Interacting Protein (AIP) in the Human Dermis with Aging. ADVANCES IN GERONTOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s2079057021010379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Mo Y, Lu Z, Wang L, Ji C, Zou C, Liu X. The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Chronic Kidney Disease: Friend or Foe? Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:589752. [PMID: 33415104 PMCID: PMC7784643 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.589752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that promotes cell responses to small molecules derived from the diet, microorganisms, metabolism and pollutants. The AhR signal regulates many basic cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, adhesion, migration, apoptosis and cell proliferation. Many studies have shown that AhR is associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its complications. This article reviews the current knowledge about the role of AhR in CKD, showing that AhR mediates CKD complications, including cardiovascular disease, anemia, bone disorders, cognitive dysfunction and malnutrition, and that it influences drug metabolism in individuals with CKD. AhR enhances the intestinal barrier function to reduce the harmful effects of uremic toxins. Therefore, understanding the complex roles of AhR during CKD is important to be able to target this transcription factor safely and effectively for CKD prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yenan Mo
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyu Lu
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunlan Ji
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuan Zou
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xusheng Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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13
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Liu X, He J, Mao L, Zhang Y, Cui W, Duan S, Jiang A, Gao Y, Sang Y, Huang G. EPZ015666, a selective protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) inhibitor with an antitumour effect in retinoblastoma. Exp Eye Res 2020; 202:108286. [PMID: 33035554 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common intraocular malignant tumour in infants, and chemotherapy has been the primary therapy method in recent years. PRMT5 is an important member of the protein arginine methyltransferase family, which plays an important role in various tumours. Our study showed that PRMT5 was overexpressed in retinoblastoma and played an important role in retinoblastoma cell growth. EPZ015666 is a novel PRMT5 inhibitor, and we found that it inhibited retinoblastoma cell proliferation and led to cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. At the same time, EPZ015666 regulated cell cycle related protein (P53, P21, P27, CDK2) expression. In brief, our study showed that PRMT5 promoted retinoblastoma growth, the PRMT5 inhibitor EPZ015666 inhibited retinoblastoma in vitro by regulating P53-P21/P27-CDK2 signaling pathways and slowed retinoblastoma growth in a xenograft model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008 Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - JianZhong He
- Department of Ophthalmology, The People's Hospital of Pingxiang City, Pingxiang City, 337055, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Longbing Mao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008 Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008 Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - WenWen Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008 Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Sujuan Duan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008 Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Alan Jiang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008 Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Sang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guofu Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008 Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis and Precision Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 128 Xiangshan Northern Road, Nanchang City, 330008, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Eghbalpour F, Aghaei M, Ebrahimi M, Tahsili MR, Golalipour M, Mohammadi S, Yazdani Y. Effect of indole-3-carbinol on transcriptional profiling of wound-healing genes in macrophages of systemic lupus erythematosus patients: an RNA sequencing assay. Lupus 2020; 29:954-963. [PMID: 32517571 DOI: 10.1177/0961203320929746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relapses and flares with delayed wound healing are among the main symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a rheumatic autoimmune disease. The orientation of immune responses in SLE disease depends on the function of the population of macrophages. This study investigated the effect of indole-3-carbinol (I3C) on transcriptional profiling of macrophage-derived monocytes (MDMs) in four stages of the wound-healing process. METHODS In the first phase of study, MDMs were generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of three new SLE cases (unmedicated) and two healthy controls. The cases and controls were then divided into I3C treated and untreated groups after 24 hours of exposure to I3C. Single-end RNA sequencing was performed using an Illumina NextSeq 500 platform. After comprehensive analysis among differentially expressed genes, CDKN1A, FN1 and MMP15 were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction as upregulated ranked genes involved in wound-healing stages. RESULTS The RNA sequencing analysis of treated cases and treated controls versus untreated cases and untreated controls (group 3 vs. group 4) revealed upregulation of various genes, for example: C1S, C1R, IGKV1-5, IGKV4-1, SERPING1, IGLC1 and IGLC2 in coagulation; ADAM19, CEACAM1 and CEACAM8 in M2 reprogramming; IRS1, FN1, THBS1 and LIMS2 in extracellular matrix organization; and STAT1, THBS1 and ATP2A3 in the proliferation stage of wound healing. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that treatment with I3C could modulate the gene expression involved in wound healing in SLE cases and healthy controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Eghbalpour
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Aghaei
- Golestan Rheumatology Research Centre, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Mansour Ebrahimi
- School of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Australia
- School of Basic Sciences, University of Qom, Iran
| | | | - Masoud Golalipour
- Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Centre, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Saeed Mohammadi
- Stem Cell Research Centre, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Yazdani
- Stem Cell Research Centre, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
- Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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15
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Zhang X, He B, Chen E, Lu J, Wang J, Cao H, Li L. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligand ITE inhibits cell proliferation and migration and enhances sensitivity to drug-resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:178-192. [PMID: 32510618 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a ligand-activated transcription factor, is considered as a crucial gene during tumor formation and progress. Among various ligands, 2-(1'H-indole-3'-carbonyl)-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid methyl ester (ITE) has been evaluated to share a broad spectrum of biological activities. However, the specific effects and potential mechanisms of ITE against hepatocellular carcinoma remain unclear. Here we explored whether ITE exerted antitumor activity against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and its potential mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. We found that ITE could markedly inhibit proliferation of HCCLM3 and SMMC-7721 cells and induce G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis with alterations of expressions of the related proteins. Also, ITE could prohibit the process of migration and invasion evaluated by transwell assay. Moreover, ITE exhibited remarkable capability to repress the growth of HCCLM3-SR cells and induce apoptosis in contrast to sorafenib. Additionally, ITE also showed potent antitumor activity against the HCCLM3 xenograft by prohibiting tumor growth without any toxicity to mice. Mechanistically, AHR activation by ITE was attributed to inhibition of HCC cells as AHR knockdown would abolish ITE-induced suppression in HCC cells, and overexpression of AHR would potentiate antitumor activity regulated by ITE. Our data suggested that ITE manifested a marked antitumor effect against HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo via AHR activation mainly through inducing G1/G0 arrest and apoptosis and inhibiting the process of migration and invasion. Furthermore, we also found the PI3K/AKT pathway was involved in sorafenib-induced resistance and ITE could restore sensitivity by suppressing the PI3K/AKT pathway. Collectively, our study revealed that ITE would be a promising therapeutic agent to deal with HCC and an alternative for drug-resistant HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin He
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ermei Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juan Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongcui Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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16
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Abbaspour Sani N, Hasani M, Kianmehr A, Mohammadi S, Sheikh Arabi M, Yazdani Y. Enhanced nuclear translocation and activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in THP-1 monocytic cell line by a novel niosomal formulation of indole-3-carbinol. J Liposome Res 2020; 30:117-125. [PMID: 30917715 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2019.1600545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Although niosomes structurally resemble liposomes, they are composed of nonionic surfactants which result in less toxicity and more stability. Here, we developed a novel niosomal formulation of I3C and investigated the nuclear translocation and activation of AhR among human acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) monocytic THP-1 cell line. Niosomal vesicles comprised of nonionic surfactants, cholesterol and I3C were prepared using thin film hydration (TFH) method and characterized according to the entrapment efficiency (EE %), size and zeta potential, by Dynamic light scattering method (DLS), and the surface morphology visualized by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In vitro release of I3C was evaluated and MTS assay was used to evaluate the viability of THP-1 cells. The nuclear translocation of AhR was assessed by immunocytochemistry (ICC) and Real-time RT-PCR was conducted using AhR target genes. The ratio of Cholesterol:Span 60 (1:1) niosomal formulations with the highest significant EE% were selected. I3C exerted cytotoxic effects on THP-1 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, while administration of niosomal I3C reduced these effects. Both niosomal and free I3C formulations facilitated the nuclear translocation of AhR. CYP1A1 was overexpressed in response to both free and niosomal I3C treatments, while IL1β was overexpressed merely in niosomal I3C-treated THP-1 cells. Niosomal formulation of I3C resulted in reduced cytotoxicity effects by enhancing the functional effects of I3C on AhR in THP-1 cells, including its nuclear translocation and overexpression of the target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Abbaspour Sani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mahsa Hasani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Anvarsadat Kianmehr
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Saeed Mohammadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sheikh Arabi
- Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Yazdani
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
- Laboratory Science Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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17
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Rizeq B, Gupta I, Ilesanmi J, AlSafran M, Rahman MDM, Ouhtit A. The Power of Phytochemicals Combination in Cancer Chemoprevention. J Cancer 2020; 11:4521-4533. [PMID: 32489469 PMCID: PMC7255361 DOI: 10.7150/jca.34374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional therapies for cancer treatment have posed many challenges, including toxicity, multidrug resistance and economic expenses. In contrast, complementary alternative medicine (CAM), employing phytochemicals have recently received increased attention owing to their capability to modulate a myriad of molecular mechanisms with a less toxic effect. Increasing evidence from preclinical and clinical studies suggest that phytochemicals can favorably modulate several signaling pathways involved in cancer development and progression. Combinations of phytochemicals promote cell death, inhibit cell proliferation and invasion, sensitize cancerous cells, and boost the immune system, thus making them striking alternatives in cancer therapy. We previously investigated the effect of six phytochemicals (Indol-3-Carbinol, Resveratrol, C-phycocyanin, Isoflavone, Curcumin and Quercetin), at their bioavailable levels on breast cancer cell lines and were compared to primary cell lines over a period of 6 days. This study showed the compounds had a synergestic effect in inhibiting cell proliferation, reducing cellular migration and invasion, inducing both cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Despite the vast number of basic science and preclinical cancer studies involving phytochemicals, the number of CAM clinical trials in cancer treatment still remains nascent. In this review, we summarize findings from preclinical and clinical studies, including our work involving use of phytochemicals, individually as well as in combination and further discuss the potential of these phytochemicals to pave way to integrate CAM in primary health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balsam Rizeq
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ishita Gupta
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Josephine Ilesanmi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammed AlSafran
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - MD Mizanur Rahman
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Allal Ouhtit
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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18
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Wu Y, He Q, Yu L, Pham Q, Cheung L, Kim YS, Wang TTY, Smith AD. Indole-3-Carbinol Inhibits Citrobacter rodentium Infection through Multiple Pathways Including Reduction of Bacterial Adhesion and Enhancement of Cytotoxic T Cell Activity. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12040917. [PMID: 32230738 PMCID: PMC7230886 DOI: 10.3390/nu12040917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal inflammation is associated with an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer and may result from dysregulated responses to commensal bacteria or exposure to bacterial pathogens. Dietary modulation of intestinal inflammation may protect against development of colon cancer. However, the precise diet-derived components and underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Citrobacter rodentium (Cr) induces acute intestinal inflammation and has been used to study the role of inflammation in the susceptibility to colon cancer. Here we examine the effects of indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a dietary compound with anticarcinogenic properties, on intestinal immune and inflammatory responses to Cr infection and adhesion to colonic cells in vitro. C57BL/6J mice were fed a diet with/without 1 μmol/g I3C and infected with Cr. Compared to infected mice fed with a control diet, consumption of a 1 μmol I3C/g diet significantly reduced fecal excretion of Cr, Cr colonization of the colon, and reduced colon crypt hyperplasia. Furthermore, expression of Cr-induced inflammatory markers such as IL-17A, IL-6, and IL1β were attenuated in infected mice fed with the I3C diet, compared to mice fed a control diet. The expression of cytotoxic T cell markers CD8 and FasL mRNA were increased in I3C-fed infected mice. In-vitro, I3C inhibited Cr growth and adhesion to Caco-2 cells. I3C alleviates Cr-induced murine colitis through multiple mechanisms including inhibition of Cr growth and adhesion to colonic cells in vitro and enhancement of cytotoxic T cell activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbei Wu
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China;
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (Q.P.); (L.C.)
| | - Qiang He
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China;
| | - Liangli Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;
| | - Quynhchi Pham
- Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (Q.P.); (L.C.)
| | - Lumei Cheung
- Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (Q.P.); (L.C.)
| | - Young S. Kim
- Nutritional Science Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Thomas T. Y. Wang
- Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (Q.P.); (L.C.)
- Correspondence: (T.T.Y.W.); (A.D.S.); Tel.: +1-(301)-504-8459 (T.T.Y.W.); +1-(301)-504-8577 (A.D.S.)
| | - Allen D. Smith
- Diet, Genomics, and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA; (Q.P.); (L.C.)
- Correspondence: (T.T.Y.W.); (A.D.S.); Tel.: +1-(301)-504-8459 (T.T.Y.W.); +1-(301)-504-8577 (A.D.S.)
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19
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Dolciami D, Ballarotto M, Gargaro M, López-Cara LC, Fallarino F, Macchiarulo A. Targeting Aryl hydrocarbon receptor for next-generation immunotherapies: Selective modulators (SAhRMs) versus rapidly metabolized ligands (RMAhRLs). Eur J Med Chem 2019; 185:111842. [PMID: 31727470 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) constitutes a major network hub of genomic and non-genomic signaling pathways, connecting host's immune cells to environmental factors. It shapes innate and adaptive immune processes to environmental stimuli with species-, cell- and tissue-type dependent specificity. Although an ever increasing number of studies has thrust AhR into the limelight as attractive target for the development of next-generation immunotherapies, concerns exist on potential safety issues associated with small molecule modulation of the receptor. Selective AhR modulators (SAhRMs) and rapidly metabolized AhR ligands (RMAhRLs) are two classes of receptor agonists that are emerging as interesting lead compounds to bypass AhR-related toxicity in favor of therapeutic effects. In this article, we discuss SAhRMs and RMAhRLs reported in literature, covering concepts underlying their definitions, specific binding modes, structure-activity relationships and AhR-mediated functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Dolciami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Liceo, 1, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Marco Ballarotto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Liceo, 1, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Marco Gargaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Piazz.le Gambuli, 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Luisa Carlota López-Cara
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18010, Granada, Spain
| | - Francesca Fallarino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Piazz.le Gambuli, 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Antonio Macchiarulo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via del Liceo, 1, 06123, Perugia, Italy.
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20
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Temporal and tissue-specific activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in discrete mouse models of kidney disease. Kidney Int 2019; 97:538-550. [PMID: 31932072 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence in animal models of chronic kidney disease (CKD) implicates Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR) signaling as a mediator of uremic toxicity. However, details about its tissue-specific and time-dependent activation in response to various renal pathologies remain poorly defined. Here, a comprehensive analysis of AHR induction was conducted in response to discrete models of kidney diseases using a transgenic mouse line expressing the AHR responsive-promoter tethered to a β-galactosidase reporter gene. Following validation using a canonical AHR ligand (a dioxin derivative), the transgenic mice were subjected to adenine-induced and ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury models representing CKD and acute kidney injury (AKI), respectively, in humans. Indoxyl sulfate was artificially increased in mice through the drinking water and by inhibiting its excretion into the urine. Adenine-fed mice showed a distinct and significant increase in β-galactosidase in the proximal and distal renal tubules, cardiac myocytes, hepatocytes, and microvasculature in the cerebral cortex. The pattern of β-galactosidase increase coincided with the changes in serum indoxyl sulfate levels. Machine-learning-based image quantification revealed positive correlations between indoxyl sulfate levels and β-galactosidase expression in various tissues. This pattern of β-galactosidase expression was recapitulated in the indoxyl sulfate-specific model. The ischemia/reperfusion injury model showed increase in β-galactosidase in renal tubules that persisted despite reduction in serum indoxyl sulfate and blood urea nitrogen levels. Thus, our results demonstrate a relationship between AHR activation in various tissues of mice with CKD or AKI and the levels of indoxyl sulfate. This study demonstrates the use of a reporter gene mouse to probe tissue-specific manifestations of uremia in translationally relevant animal models and provide hypothesis-generating insights into the mechanism of uremic toxicity that warrant further investigation.
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21
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Ly M, Rentas S, Vujovic A, Wong N, Moreira S, Xu J, Holzapfel N, Bhatia S, Tran D, Minden MD, Draper JS, Hope KJ. Diminished AHR Signaling Drives Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia Stem Cell Maintenance. Cancer Res 2019; 79:5799-5811. [PMID: 31519687 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-0274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Eliminating leukemic stem cells (LSC) is a sought after therapeutic paradigm for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). While repression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) signaling has been shown to promote short-term maintenance of primitive AML cells in culture, no work to date has examined whether altered AHR signaling plays a pathologic role in human AML or whether it contributes at all to endogenous LSC function. Here, we show AHR signaling is repressed in human AML blasts and preferentially downregulated in LSC-enriched populations within leukemias. A core set of AHR targets are uniquely repressed in LSCs across diverse genetic AML subtypes. In vitro and in vivo administration of the specific AHR agonist FICZ significantly impaired leukemic growth, promoted differentiation, and repressed self-renewal. Furthermore, LSCs suppressed a set of FICZ-responsive AHR target genes that function as tumor suppressors and promoters of differentiation. FICZ stimulation did not impair normal hematopoietic stem and progenitor (HSPC) function, and failed to upregulate a prominent LSC-specific AHR target in HSPCs, suggesting that differential mechanisms govern FICZ-induced AHR signaling manifestations in HSCs versus LSCs. Altogether, this work highlights AHR signaling suppression as a key LSC-regulating control mechanism and provides proof of concept in a preclinical model that FICZ-mediated AHR pathway activation enacts unique transcriptional programs in AML that identify it as a novel chemotherapeutic approach to selectively target human LSCs. SIGNIFICANCE: The AHR pathway is suppressed in leukemic stem cells (LSC), therefore activating AHR signaling is a potential therapeutic option to target LSCs and to treat acute myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Ly
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stefan Rentas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ana Vujovic
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicholas Wong
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven Moreira
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joshua Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicholas Holzapfel
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sonam Bhatia
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Damian Tran
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark D Minden
- Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan S Draper
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kristin J Hope
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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22
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Vorontsova JE, Cherezov RO, Kuzin BA, Simonova OB. Aryl-Hydrocarbon Receptor as a Potential Target for Anticancer Therapy. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW), SUPPLEMENT SERIES B: BIOMEDICAL CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990750819010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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23
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Tipgomut C, Wongprommoon A, Takeo E, Ittiudomrak T, Puthong S, Chanchao C. Melittin Induced G1 Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Chago-K1 Human Bronchogenic Carcinoma Cells and Inhibited the Differentiation of THP-1 Cells into Tumour- Associated Macrophages. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:3427-3434. [PMID: 30583665 PMCID: PMC6428562 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2018.19.12.3427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bronchogenic carcinoma (lung cancer) is one of the leading causes of death. Although many compounds isolated from natural products have been used to treat it, drug resistance is a serious problem, and alternative anti-cancer drugs are required. Here, melittin from Apis mellifera venom was used, and its effects on bronchogenic carcinoma cell proliferation and tumour-associated macrophage differentiation were evaluated. Methods: The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of melittin was measured by MTT. Cell death was observed by annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) co-staining followed by flow cytometry. Cell cycle arrest was revealed by PI staining and flow cytometry. To investigate the tumour microenvironment, differentiation of circulating monocytes (THP-1) into tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) was assayed by sandwich-ELISA and interleukin (IL)-10 levels were determined. Cell proliferation and migration was observed by flat plate colony formation. Secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was detected by ELISA. The change in expression levels of CatS, Bcl-2, and MADD was measured by quantitative RT-PCR. Results: Melittin was significantly more cytotoxic (p < 0.01) to human bronchogenic carcinoma cells (ChaGo-K1) than to the control human lung fibroblasts (Wi-38) cells. At 2.5 μM, melittin caused ChaGo-K1 cells to undergo apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. The IL-10 levels showed that melittin significantly inhibited the differentiation of THP-1 cells into TAMs (p < 0.05) and reduced the number of colonies formed in the treated ChaGo-K1 cells compared to the untreated cells. However, melittin did not affect angiogenesis in ChaGo-K1 cells. Unlike MADD, Bcl-2 was up-regulated significantly (p < 0.05) in melittin-treated ChaGo-K1 cells. Conclusion: Melittin can be used as an alternative agent for lung cancer treatment because of its cytotoxicity against ChaGo-K1 cells and the inhibition of differentiation of THP-1 cells into TAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chartsiam Tipgomut
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok, Thailand.
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24
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Neavin DR, Liu D, Ray B, Weinshilboum RM. The Role of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR) in Immune and Inflammatory Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123851. [PMID: 30513921 PMCID: PMC6321643 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a nuclear receptor that modulates the response to environmental stimuli. It was recognized historically for its role in toxicology but, in recent decades, it has been increasingly recognized as an important modulator of disease—especially for its role in modulating immune and inflammatory responses. AHR has been implicated in many diseases that are driven by immune/inflammatory processes, including major depressive disorder, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, and allergic responses, among others. The mechanisms by which AHR has been suggested to impact immune/inflammatory diseases include targeted gene expression and altered immune differentiation. It has been suggested that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are near AHR-regulated genes may contribute to AHR-dependent disease mechanisms/pathways. Further, we have found that SNPs that are outside of nuclear receptor binding sites (i.e., outside of AHR response elements (AHREs)) may contribute to AHR-dependent gene regulation in a SNP- and ligand-dependent manner. This review will discuss the evidence and mechanisms of AHR contributions to immune/inflammatory diseases and will consider the possibility that SNPs that are outside of AHR binding sites might contribute to AHR ligand-dependent inter-individual variation in disease pathophysiology and response to pharmacotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew R Neavin
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA.
| | - Duan Liu
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA.
| | - Balmiki Ray
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA.
| | - Richard M Weinshilboum
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA.
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25
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Vorontsova JE, Cherezov RO, Kuzin BA, Simonova OB. [Aryl-hydrocarbon receptor as a potential target for anticancer therapy]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2018; 64:397-415. [PMID: 30378556 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20186405397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor, AHR) is a ligand-dependent transcription factor, whose functions are related to xenobiotic detoxification, response to inflammation, and maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Recent investigations suggest that AHR also plays an important role in the processes of carcinogenesis. Increased expression of AHR is observed in several types of tumors and tumor cell lines. In addition, it turned out that the composition of pharmaceutical drugs used in oncotherapy includes some ligands AHR. These facts allow us to consider an aryl-hydrocarbon receptor as a potential target for anticancer therapy, especially for the treatment of severe cancers whose treatment options are very limited or do not exist at all. In this review the examples of AHR ligands' effect on tumor cell cultures and on model mice lines with AHR-dependent response are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Vorontsova
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - R O Cherezov
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - B A Kuzin
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - O B Simonova
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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26
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Mohammadi S, Memarian A, Sedighi S, Behnampour N, Yazdani Y. Immunoregulatory effects of indole-3-carbinol on monocyte-derived macrophages in systemic lupus erythematosus: A crucial role for aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Autoimmunity 2018; 51:199-209. [PMID: 30289282 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2018.1494161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are versatile phagocytic cells in immune system with immunoregulatory functions. However, the removal of apoptotic cells by macrophages is disturbed in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated cytoplasmic receptor and transcription factor with diverse effects on immune response. Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) is an AhR agonist which has been implicated as a beneficial factor in regulating inflammation and cytokine expression in murine models of SLE. However, the molecular mechanisms are not thoroughly studied. Here, we aimed to investigate the ex vivo effects of I3C on polarization of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) in SLE patients and the expression of regulatory cytokines upon AhR activation. MDMs from 15 newly diagnosed SLE patients and 10 normal subjects were induced by Jurkat apoptotic bodies (JABs) and treated with I3C. I3C enhanced the nuclear accumulation of AhR among MDMs of SLE patients and altered the expression of AhR target genes including CYP1A1, IL1- β, IDO-1 and MRC-1. The imbalanced expression of pro- and anti- inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, IL-12, TGFβ1, TNFα, IL-23, IL-6 and IFN-γ) was compensated in response to I3C. AhR activation was also associated with the overexpression of M2 markers (CD163) and downregulation of M1 markers (CD86). Thus, macrophages are activated alternatively in response to I3C. The obtained data indicate that I3C-mediated AhR activation possess immunoregulatory effects on macrophages of SLE patients by exerting an obvious downregulation in the expression of pro-inflammatory and overexpression of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, AhR could be targeted and further investigated as a choice of anti-inflammatory therapies for autoimmune disorders such as SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Mohammadi
- a Stem Cell Research Center , Golestan University of Medical Sciences , Gorgan , Iran
| | - Ali Memarian
- b Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Golestan University of Medical Sciences , Gorgan , Iran
| | - Sima Sedighi
- c Joint, Bone and Connective tissue Research Center (JBCRC) , Golestan University of Medical Sciences , Gorgan , Iran
| | - Nasser Behnampour
- d Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health , Golestan University of Medical Sciences , Gorgan , Iran
| | - Yaghoub Yazdani
- e Infectious Diseases Research Center and Laboratory Science Research Center , Golestan University of Medical Sciences , Gorgan , Iran
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27
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Kim JK, Park SU. Current results on the biological and pharmacological activities of Indole-3-carbinol. EXCLI JOURNAL 2018; 17:181-185. [PMID: 29743856 PMCID: PMC5938534 DOI: 10.17179/excli2017-1028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Kwang Kim
- Division of Life Sciences and Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Sang Un Park
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
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28
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Askari H, Rajani SF, Poorebrahim M, Haghi-Aminjan H, Raeis-Abdollahi E, Abdollahi M. A glance at the therapeutic potential of irisin against diseases involving inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis: An introductory review. Pharmacol Res 2018; 129:44-55. [PMID: 29414191 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Irisin is a hormone-like molecule mainly released by skeletal muscles in response to exercise. Irisin induces browning of the white adipose tissue and has been shown to regulate glucose and lipid homeostasis. Keeping its energy expenditure and metabolic properties in view, numerous studies have focused on its therapeutic potential for the treatment of metabolic disorders like obesity and type 2 diabetes. Recently, the anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative properties of irisin have received a great deal of attention of the scientific society. These pathogenic processes are often associated with initiation, progression, and prognosis of numerous diseases like myocardial infarction, kidney diseases, cancer, lung injury, inflammatory bowel diseases, atherosclerosis, liver diseases, obesity and type 2 diabetes. In the current review, we present evidence regarding the anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative potential of irisin pertaining to various pathological conditions. Here, we explore multiple molecular pathways targeted by irisin therapy. Given the promising effects of irisin, many diseases with evident oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis can be targeted by irisin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Askari
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sulail Fatima Rajani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour Poorebrahim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Haghi-Aminjan
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Raeis-Abdollahi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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