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Khan MS, Maha N, Riaz M, Yasmin T, Irfan A, Basra MAR. Computational investigation of pyrazinamide drugs and its transition metal complexes using a DFT approach. J Comput Chem 2024; 45:622-632. [PMID: 38063457 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Pyrazinamide, an antituberculosis but documented toxic drug, is subjected to computational investigation along with the metal complexes via a DFT approach to predict the structure-activity and structure-toxicity relationship. 6-31G(d,p) basis set was used for Zn, Ni, Mn, Fe, and Co, while the SDD basis set was applied to Cu, Cr, Cd, and Hg. Several reactivity parameters and charge distribution were calculated and the reactivity profile was estimated. The complexes were found to be soft and polarizable which could be responsible for their binding with bacterial targets to inhibit their growth. In contrast, pyrazinamide which is found to be hard among all is susceptible to being toxic. Moreover, the electronegative nature of the complexes can endow them with a better antibacterial effect. Since metal complexes have been found to be less toxic and more biologically interactive by computational methods, they can be employed as potent drugs for the cure of tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sanwal Khan
- Centre for Clinical and Nutritional Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of The Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nasir Maha
- Centre for Clinical and Nutritional Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of The Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Maira Riaz
- Centre for Clinical and Nutritional Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of The Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tahira Yasmin
- Centre for Clinical and Nutritional Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of The Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Asim Raza Basra
- Centre for Clinical and Nutritional Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of The Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Azmi MB, Khan F, Asif U, Khurshid B, Wadood A, Qureshi SA, Ahmed SDH, Mudassir HA, Sheikh SI, Feroz N. In Silico Characterization of Withania coagulans Bioactive Compounds as Potential Inhibitors of Hydroxymethylglutaryl (HMG-CoA) Reductase of Mus musculus. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:5057-5071. [PMID: 36777558 PMCID: PMC9909811 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia is a mediator for the etiology of cardiovascular diseases, which are characterized as the global leading cause of mortality. We aimed to investigate the inhibitory activity of Withania coagulans compounds against 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (Hmgcr) of Mus musculus using an extensive in silico approach. The 3D structure of the Hmgcr protein is not yet known, so we performed the homology modeling using MODELLER and SWISS-MODEL tools, followed with structural validation and assessment. The PROCHECK web server showed that the top-ranked homology model from SWISS-MODEL has 93.4% of residues in the most-favorable region, the quality factor was 98%, and the Verify3D score was 91.43%, compared to the other generated models. The druggable protein-binding cavities in a 3D model of Hmgcr were investigated with the aid of commonly prescribed statin compounds using the CB-dock approach. We compiled a 3D compound library of W. coagulans, followed by drug-likeness evaluation, and found 20 eligible compounds. The pattern of consensus residues obtained from the CB-dock procedure was then used for grid-box docking of W. coagulans compounds and statin drugs using AutoDock 4.2, respectively. The results showed that withanolide R (-10.77 kcal/mol), withanolide Q (-10.56 kcal/mol), withanolide J (-10.52 kcal/mol), atorvastatin (-8.99 kcal/mol), simvastatin (-8.66 kcal/mol), and rosuvastatin (-8.58 kcal/mol) were promising candidates that bind Hmgcr protein. The key residues involved in protein-ligand (withanolide R) interactions were Y516, C526, V529, I530, M533, I535, and V537, and the formation of a H-bond was at C526, M533, and I535 residues. M533 was the consensus residue having a tendency to form a H-bond with withanolide Q, too. Molecular dynamics simulations were used to validate the top-ranked docked complexes for the stability of the modeled protein. We also predicted the pharmacokinetic properties of binding affinity-based top-ranked compounds and concluded that they could be used as potential inhibitors of Hmgcr. However, further in vitro and in vivo studies are essential to completing the drug development process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal Azmi
- Department
of Biochemistry, Dow Medical College, Dow
University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan
| | - Fearoz Khan
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
- Rahman
Medical College, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Asif
- Department
of Biochemistry, Medicine Program, Batterjee
Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Beenish Khurshid
- Department
of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University
Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department
of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University
Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | | | - Syed Danish Haseen Ahmed
- Department
of Biochemistry, Dow Medical College, Dow
University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan
| | - Hina Akram Mudassir
- Department
of Biochemistry, Federal Urdu University
of Arts, Science and Technology, Karachi 75300, Pakistan
| | - Sadia Ikhlaque Sheikh
- Department
of Biochemistry, Dow Medical College, Dow
University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan
| | - Nazia Feroz
- Department
of Biochemistry, Dow Medical College, Dow
University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan
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Saleem U, Iman S, Ahmad B, Shah MA, Bibi S, Alqarni M, Khan MS, Shah GM, Khan H, Alhasani RH, Althobaiti NA, Albalawi AE. Antidepressant activity of phytochemicals of Mangifera indica seeds assisted by integrated computational analysis. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:483-505. [PMID: 35344129 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-00955-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Mangifera indica L., also known as mango, is a tropical fruit that belongs to the Anacardiaceae family and is prized for its juiciness, unique flavour, and worldwide popularity. The current study aimed to probe into antidepressant power (ADP) of MIS in animals and confirmation of ADP with in silico induced-fit molecular docking. The depression model was prepared by exposing mice to various stressors from 9:00 am to 2:00 pm during 42 days study period. MIS extract and fluoxetine were given daily for 30 min before exposing animals to stressors. ADP was evaluated by various behavioural tests and biochemical analysis. Results showed increased physical activity in mice under behavioural tests, plasma nitrite and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) activity decreased dose-dependently in MIS treated mice and superoxide dismutases (SOD) levels increased in treated groups as compared to disease control. With the peculiar behaviour and significant interactions of the functional residues of target proteins with selected ligands along with the best absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) properties, it is concluded that catechin could be the best MAO-A inhibitor at a binding energy of -8.85 kcal/mol, and two hydrogen bonds were generated with Cys406 (A) and Gly443 (A) residues of the active binding site of MAO-A enzyme. While catechin at -6.86 kcal/mol generated three hydrogen bonds with Ala263 (A) and Gly434 (A) residues of the active site of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) enzyme and stabilized the best conformation. Therefore, it is highly recommended to test the selected lead-like compound catechin in the laboratory with biological system analysis to confirm its activity as MAO-A and MAO-B inhibitors so it can be declared as one of the novel therapeutic options with anti-depressant activity. Our findings concluded that M. indica seeds could be a significant and alternative anti-depressant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Shafa Iman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
- Department of Pharmacy, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan.
| | - Shabana Bibi
- Yunnan Herbal Laboratory, College of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, China
- International Joint Research Center for Sustainable Utilization of Cordyceps Bioresources in China and South-East Asia, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, China
| | - Mohammed Alqarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Saad Khan
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Mujtaba Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
- Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Reem Hasaballah Alhasani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah A Althobaiti
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Al-Quwaiiyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aishah E Albalawi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
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In Vitro and In Silico Evaluations of Boswellia carterii Resin Dermocosmetic Activities. COSMETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics9060131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Boswellia carterii is a plant species belonging to the Burseraceae family. It grows up in trees or shrubs, and it is known for producing an aromatic resin commonly named frankincense or olibanum. This resin has been used in traditional medicine to treat various conditions such as inflammations, gastrointestinal disorders and traumatic injuries. Virtual screening and molecular docking are two in silico approaches used to predict potential interactions between ligands and the active site of a protein. These approaches are mainly used in natural product chemistry and pharmacology as a screening tool to select plant extracts or fractions for in vitro testing, as well as for the prediction of mechanisms of action. The aim of this research is the in silico and in vitro evaluations of the potential collagenase and elastase inhibitory activities of Boswellia carterii resin organic extracts (viz., methanol, n-hexane and ethyl acetate). The obtained results revealed that methanol and n-hexane exhibited the best collagenase inhibitory activity with values superior to 85%, whereas the methanol and ethyl acetate showed the highest elastase inhibition activity with inhibition values ranging between 40 and 60%. The molecular docking prediction confirmed the experimental results; moreover, the visualization of the ligand–protein interactions showed that the main compounds of the organic extracts may have mechanisms of action similar to the positive controls. Those findings are very promising and open new perspectives for the exploitation of Boswellia carterii resin as active agents for the development of anti-aging cosmeceuticals.
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Multiprotein Inhibitory Effect of Dietary Polyphenol Rutin from Whole Green Jackfruit Flour Targeting Different Stages of Diabetes Mellitus: Defining a Bio-Computational Stratagem. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9090262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-diabetic potential of whole unripe jackfruit (peel with pulp, flake, and seed) was investigated using inhibitory assays for α-glucosidase, α-amylase, aldose reductase, and glycation at multiple stages. Using activity-guided repeated fractionation on a silica gel column chromatography, dietary flavonoid rutin with potent antihyperglycemic activity was extracted from the methanol extract of whole jackfruit flour (MJ). Rutin was found to inhibit both α-glucosidase (IC50: 7.86 µg/mL) and α-amylase (IC50: 22.00 µg/mL) in a competitive manner of inhibition with low Ki values. In addition, in vitro glycation experiments revealed that rutin prevented each stage of protein glycation as well as the production of intermediate molecules. Furthermore, rutin significantly inhibited aldose reductase (IC50: 2.75 µg/mL) in a non-competitive manner. During in silico studies, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies have suggested that rutin has a high binding affinity for the enzymes studied, which could explain its inhibitory effects. Rutin interacted with the key residues of the target enzymes’ inhibitor binding sites. Compared to the controls used, rutin had a higher binding efficiency as well as stability in the inhibitor binding pocket of the target enzymes. According to our findings, the presence of rutin is more likely to be associated with the potential of MJ in antihyperglycemic activity via inhibition of α-glucosidase and in anti-diabetic action via inhibition of the polyol pathway and protein glycation. The bio-computational study indicates rutin as a potential lead inhibitor of all the target enzymes used and could be used as an effective anti-diabetic drug in the near future.
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Shantier SW, Ismail EMO, Mohamed MS, Osman W. Pharmacokinetics and molecular docking of novel antineoplastic sesquiterpene lactone from Tarchonanthus camphoratus L: an in silico approaches. Struct Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-022-02016-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Preethi L, Ganamurali N, Dhanasekaran D, Sabarathinam S. Therapeutic use of Guggulsterone in COVID-19 induced obesity (COVIBESITY) and significant role in immunomodulatory effect. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 24:100346. [PMID: 33942025 PMCID: PMC8081575 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2021.100346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has emerged as a major cause of health crisis around the world. Psychosocial, Behavioral and metabolic changes especially weight gain, among variety of population was produced in this pandemic, through variety of mechanisms. Hyperlipidemia is one of the major issues that result in serious cardiovascular complications. Governmental strategies to minimize the spread of COVID-19 through closures, lockdowns, and alterations in social interaction have complicated weight management efforts. And immunity being the need of the hour has to be improved to prevent the infection. Guggulsterone (GS) isomers are major bioactive compounds present in Commiphora mukul and Commiphora wighti. Guggulsterone shows anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and appetite regulating activity due to its peculiar characteristics. On the basis of clinical evidence, Guggulsterone seems to possess good cholesterol lowering, appetite regulating as well as immunomodulatory activity which can be beneficial during the pandemic of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Preethi
- SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM IST, Kattankulathur, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nila Ganamurali
- SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM IST, Kattankulathur, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhivya Dhanasekaran
- SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM IST, Kattankulathur, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sarvesh Sabarathinam
- SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM IST, Kattankulathur, Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, India
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