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Catizzone E, Sposato C, Romanelli A, Barisano D, Cornacchia G, Marsico L, Cozza D, Migliori M. Purification of Wastewater from Biomass-Derived Syngas Scrubber Using Biochar and Activated Carbons. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18084247. [PMID: 33923770 PMCID: PMC8073644 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Phenol is a major component in the scrubber wastewater used for syngas purification in biomass-based gasification plants. Adsorption is a common strategy for wastewater purification, and carbon materials, such as activated carbons and biochar, may be used for its remediation. In this work, we compare the adsorption behavior towards phenol of two biochar samples, produced by pyrolysis and gasification of lignocellulose biomass, with two commercial activated carbons. Obtained data were also used to assess the effect of textural properties (i.e., surface area) on phenol removal. Continuous tests in lab-scale columns were also carried out and the obtained data were processed with literature models in order to obtain design parameters for scale-up. Results clearly indicate the superiority of activated carbons due to the higher pore volume, although biomass-derived char may be more suitable from an economic and environmental point of view. The phenol adsorption capacity increases from about 65 m/g for gasification biochar to about 270 mg/g for the commercial activated carbon. Correspondingly, service time of commercial activated carbons was found to be about six times higher than that of gasification biochar. Finally, results indicate that phenol may be used as a model for characterizing the adsorption capacity of the investigated carbon materials, but in the case of real waste water the carbon usage rate should be considered at least 1.5 times higher than that calculated for phenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Catizzone
- ENEA-Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Trisaia Research Center, Department of Energy Technologies and Renewable Sources, I-75026 Rotondella, Italy; (C.S.); (A.R.); (D.B.); (G.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Corradino Sposato
- ENEA-Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Trisaia Research Center, Department of Energy Technologies and Renewable Sources, I-75026 Rotondella, Italy; (C.S.); (A.R.); (D.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Assunta Romanelli
- ENEA-Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Trisaia Research Center, Department of Energy Technologies and Renewable Sources, I-75026 Rotondella, Italy; (C.S.); (A.R.); (D.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Donatella Barisano
- ENEA-Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Trisaia Research Center, Department of Energy Technologies and Renewable Sources, I-75026 Rotondella, Italy; (C.S.); (A.R.); (D.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Giacinto Cornacchia
- ENEA-Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Trisaia Research Center, Department of Energy Technologies and Renewable Sources, I-75026 Rotondella, Italy; (C.S.); (A.R.); (D.B.); (G.C.)
| | - Luigi Marsico
- Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Calabria, via P. Bucci, 44a, I-87036 Rende, Italy; (L.M.); (D.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Daniela Cozza
- Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Calabria, via P. Bucci, 44a, I-87036 Rende, Italy; (L.M.); (D.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Massimo Migliori
- Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Calabria, via P. Bucci, 44a, I-87036 Rende, Italy; (L.M.); (D.C.); (M.M.)
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Kumar M, Singhal A, Thakur IS. Comparison of submerged and solid state pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse by Pandoraea sp. ISTKB: Enzymatic and structural analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 203:18-25. [PMID: 26720135 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse by Pandoraea sp. ISTKB was evaluated under submerged (SmF) and solid state (SSF) culture conditions. Number of bacteria was 2.7 times higher in SmF as compared with SSF. Enzymes produced under SmF were xylanase, LiP, MnP and laccase. In SSF xylanase and laccase were detected. CMCase, FPase and β-glucosidase were not detected. Delignification was highest in SmF with 19.94% and 10.43% removal of hemicelluloses and lignin, respectively. FTIR analysis suggested the degradation of lignin/hemicellulose component. SEM analysis showed pores were three times bigger in SmF as compared with raw bagasse. Maximum CR dye was absorbed by treated SmF bagasse. Enzymatic saccharification increased by 3.7 times after SmF treatment in comparison to raw bagasse. Pretreatment of bagasse by Pandoraea sp. ISTKB was more efficient under SmF than SSF. High negative correlation between saccharification vs lignin/hemicelluloses content justified the need for pretreatment of lignocellulosic waste before saccharification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madan Kumar
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110 067, India
| | - Anjali Singhal
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110 067, India
| | - Indu Shekhar Thakur
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110 067, India.
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