Sensitive Determination of Amantadine in Microdialysis Samples from Rat Plasma by HPLC with Fluorescence Detection

Ultrasensitive SERS aptasensor using Au@Ag bimetallic nanorod SERS tags for the selective detection of amantadine in foods

Herein, a novel surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) aptasensor was developed for amantadine (AMD) detection, based on magnetite nanoparticles coated with polyethylenimine, silver nanoclusters and aptamers (Fe3O4@PEI@AgNC-apt) as the capture probe and complementary DNA-modified gold nanorods (AuNRs@4-MPBA@Ag-c-DNA containing 4-mercaptophenylboric acid molecules) as the reporter probe. In the presence of AMD, the AMD and the reporter probe competed for the aptamer on the surface of the capture probe, resulting in the reporter probe detaching from the capture probe leading to a decrease in intensity of the SERS signal at 1067 cm-1 for 4-MPBA. Under optimal conditions, a good linear relationship was established between the SERS intensity at 1067 cm-1 and the logarithm of the AMD concentration over the range 10-6-102 mg L-1, with a LOD of 0.50 × 10-6 mg L-1. The AMD levels in spiked samples were evaluated using the SERS aptasensor, with good recoveries ranging from 90.57% to 113.49% being obtained.

Comparison of two fluorescence quantitative immunochromatographic assays for the detection of amantadine in chicken muscle

The two sensitive fluorescence quantitative immunochromatographic assays (FQICAs), background fluorescence quenching immunochromatographic assay (bFQICA) and time-resolved fluorescent immunochromatographic assay (TRFICA), play an important role increasingly in rapid detection technology for food safety. Amantadine (AMD), used extensively in virus infections in livestock and poultry, has been prohibited due to hazard concerns over public human health. Therefore, AMD was used as a model molecule in the FQICAs establishment and comparison based on the same bioreagents. The outstanding performance in technical parameters of the two FQICAs indicated that they could provide rapid, precise, reliable technical support for large-scale on-site screening for AMD detection. What's more, the systematic and comprehensive comparison of the two FQICAs would give useful suggestions for scientists and users in monitoring the harmful compounds.

Development of a molecularly imprinted microspheres-based microplate fluorescence method for detection of amantadine and rimantadine in chicken

In this study, molecularly imprinted microspheres of a type capable of recognising amantadine and rimantadine were first synthesised, and three fluorescent tracers based on dansyl chloride, fluorescein isothiocyanate and 5-carboxytetramethylrhodamine were also synthesised. These reagents were used to develop and optimise a direct competitive fluorescence method on conventional 96-well microplate for detection of the two analytes. Results showed that this method achieved simple operation procedure, rapid assay process (30 min), high sensitivity (limits of detection 0.04-0.05 ng mL^-1) and acceptable recycle performance (five times). After optimisation of several parameters, this method was used to detect amantadine and rimantadine in chicken muscle samples. Their recoveries from standards fortified blank samples were in the range of 62.3-93.7%. The analysis results for some real chicken samples were consistent with a confirmatory LC-MS/MS method. Therefore, this method could be used as a rapid, simple and accurate tool for routine screening the residues of amantadine and rimantadine in a large number of chicken muscle samples.