Quantitative Determination of Cyclobenzaprine in Human Plasma by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography

A Novel Method for Determination of Cyclobenzaprine in the Different Matrixes by UHPLC-DAD: Application to Real Human Plasma and Pharmaceutical Formulations

This study presents a novel and efficient method for determining of cyclobenzaprine (CBP) in human plasma and tablets using simple liquid-liquid microextraction and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detector. The developed method was optimized and validated for selectivity, linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ). The chromatographic separation was achieved using a C18 column with a mobile phase consisting of a mixture of deionized water containing 0.1% TFA and methanol (30:70, v:v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The extraction process provided high-efficiency recovery of CBP with a small plasma volume (%94.3). The method showed good linearity within the concentration range of 0.005-10 μg/mL, with a correlation coefficient of 0.999. The LOD and LOQ values were found to be 0.0013 and 0.005 μg/mL, respectively. The intra- and inter-day %RSD were <8%, and %RE were ranged from -0.50 to 0.01%. The proposed method was successfully applied to the analysis of CBP in real human plasma samples and tablets, indicating its applicability in clinical and pharmaceutical research. In conclusion, the simple, low cost, high sensitivity and rapid nature of this method make it an attractive option for the quantification of CBP in human plasma and pharmaceutical dosage forms.

Fabrication of an (α-Mn2O3:Co)-decorated CNT highly sensitive screen printed electrode for the optimization and electrochemical determination of cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride using response surface methodology

A new chemically optimized screen-printed electrode modified with a cobalt-doped α-Mn2O3 nanostructure on carbon nanotube paste (α-Mn2O3:Co@CNTs) has been constructed for the recognition of cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride. The prepared paste is based on the incorporation of oxide ion conductors, such as the α-Mn2O3 nanostructure with cobalt and ion pairs (tetraphenyl borate coupled with the drug), as electroactive species in the screen-printed electrode to increase the sensor surface area and decrease electrical resistance. The central composite design is a useful methodology for the estimation and modeling of the exact optimum parameters specifically designed for this process. This is a good way to graphically clarify the relationship between various experimental variables and the slope response. The proposed sensor, α-Mn2O3:Co@CNTs, possesses very good sensitivity and the ability to recognize the drug over the concentration range of 1 × 10-6 to 1 × 10-2 mol L-1 at 25 ± °C with a detection limit of 2.84 × 10-7 mol L-1. It exhibits a reproducible potential and stable linear response for six months at a Nernstian slope of 58.96 ± 0.76 mV per decade. The proposed electrode approach has been successfully applied in the direct determination of the drug in its pure and dosage forms.

Green analytical chromatographic assay method for quantitation of cyclobenzaprine in tablets, spiked human urine and in-vitro dissolution test

Cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride, a skeletal muscle relaxant has been determined using an ecofriendly micellar HPLC method in its pure form and tablets. The chromatographic determination was performed using C₈ monolithic column (100mm×4.6mm i.d., 5μm particle size) and micellar eluent which was composed of sodium dodecyl sulfate (0.15M), n-propanol (15%), 0.02M orthophosphoric acid (pH 4.5) and 0.3% triethylamine using UV detection of effluent was set at 225nm. The calibration plot showed good linearity over concentration range from 2-40μg/mL. The assay results were statistically validated for linearity, accuracy, precision and specificity according to ICH guidelines. Additionally, regarding USP guidelines, the uniformity of tablets content and in-vitro dissolution test of the tablets was tested using the proposed method. Simple and rapid applicability of the developed method allowed determination of the drug in its pure and tablet dosage forms. Moreover, the major advantage of micellar HPLC technique is to determine the drug in biological fluids without prior extraction steps. Depending on this, the estimation of cyclobenzaprine in spiked human urine was so simple without traditional tedious procedures. The proposed method offers the advantages of sensitivity and simplicity in addition to short analysis time which didn't exceed 6 minutes.

Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence evaluation of cyclobenzaprine tablets

The purpose of this study was to investigate cyclobenzaprine pharmacokinetics and to evaluate bioequivalence between two different tablet formulations containing the drug. An open, randomized, crossover, single-dose, two-period, and two-sequence design was employed. Tablets were administered to 23 healthy subjects after an overnight fasting and blood samples were collected up to 240 hours after drug administration. Plasma cyclobenzaprine was quantified by means of an LC-MS/MS method. Pharmacokinetic parameters related to absorption, distribution, and elimination were calculated. Cyclobenzaprine plasma profiles for the reference and test products were similar, as well as absorption pharmacokinetic parameters AUC (reference: 199.4 ng ∗ h/mL; test: 201.6 ng ∗ h/mL), Cmax (reference: 7.0 ng/mL; test: 7.2 ng/mL), and T(max) (reference: 4.5 h; test: 4.6 h). Bioequivalence was evaluated by means of 90% confidence intervals for the ratio of AUC (93%-111%) and C(max) (93%-112%) values for test and reference products, which were within the 80%-125% interval proposed by FDA. Cyclobenzaprine pharmacokinetics can be described by a multicompartment open model with an average rapid elimination half-life (t(1/2)β) of 3.1 hours and an average terminal elimination half-life (t(1/2)γ) of 31.9 hours.

Development and comparison of high-performance liquid chromatographic methods with tandem mass spectrometric and ultraviolet absorbance detection for the determination of cyclobenzaprine in human plasma and urine

Sensitive assays for the determination of cyclobenzaprine (I) in human plasma and urine were developed utilizing high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with tandem mass spectrometric (MS-MS) and ultraviolet (UV) absorbance detections. These two analytical techniques were evaluated for reliability and sensitivity, and applied to support pharmacokinetic studies. Both methods employed a liquid-liquid extraction of the compound from basified biological sample. The organic extract was evaporated to dryness, the residue was reconstituted in the mobile phase and injected onto the HPLC system. The HPLC assay with MS-MS detection was performed on a PE Sciex API III tandem mass spectrometer using the heated nebulizer interface. Multiple reaction monitoring using the parent-->daughter ion combinations of m/z 276 --> 215 and 296 --> 208 was used to quantitate I an internal standard (II), respectively. The HPLC-MS-MS and HPLC-UV assays were validated in human plasma in the concentration range 0.1-50 ng/ml and 0.5-50 ng/ml, respectively. In urine, both methods were validated in the concentration range 10-1000 ng/ml. The precision of the assays, as expressed as coefficients of variation (C.V.) was less than 10% over the entire concentration range, with adequate assay specificity and accuracy. In addition to better sensitivity, the HPLC-MS-MS assay was more efficient and allowed analysis of more biological fluid samples in a single working day than the HPLC-UV method.