1
|
Gherdaoui D, Yahoum MM, Toumi S, Lekmine S, Lefnaoui S, Benslama O, Bouallouche R, Tahraoui H, Ola MS, Ali A, Zhang J, Amrane A. Elucidating Chiral Resolution of Aromatic Amino Acids Using Glycopeptide Selectors: A Combined Molecular Docking and Chromatographic Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9120. [PMID: 39201804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25169120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
An asymmetric synthesis is a favorable approach for obtaining enantiomerically pure substances, but racemic resolution remains an efficient strategy. This study aims to elucidate the chiral resolution of aromatic amino acids and their elution order using glycopeptides as chiral selectors through molecular docking analysis. Chiral separation experiments were conducted using Vancomycin as a chiral additive in the mobile phase (CMPA) at various concentrations, coupled with an achiral amino column as the stationary phase. The Autodock Vina 1.1.2 software was employed to perform molecular docking simulations between each enantiomer (ligand) and Vancomycin (receptor) to evaluate binding affinities, demonstrate enantiomeric resolution feasibility, and elucidate chiral recognition mechanisms. Utilizing Vancomycin as CMPA at a concentration of 1.5 mM enabled the separation of tryptophan enantiomers with a resolution of 3.98 and tyrosine enantiomers with a resolution of 2.97. However, a poor chiral resolution was observed for phenylalanine and phenylglycine. Molecular docking analysis was employed to elucidate the lack of separation and elution order for tryptophan and tyrosine enantiomers. By calculating the binding energy, docking results were found to be in good agreement with experimental findings, providing insights into the underlying mechanisms governing chiral recognition in this system and the interaction sites. This comprehensive approach clarifies the complex relationship between chiral discrimination and molecular architecture, offering valuable information for creating and improving chiral separation protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dehbiya Gherdaoui
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Transport Phenomena (LBMPT), New Urban Pole, Medea University, Medea 26000, Algeria
- Higher Normal School, Laboratory of Research on Bio-Active Products and Valorization of Biomasse, Old-Kouba, Algiers 16050, Algeria
| | - Madiha Melha Yahoum
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Transport Phenomena (LBMPT), New Urban Pole, Medea University, Medea 26000, Algeria
- Materials and Environmental Laboratory (LME), University of Medea, New Urban Pole, Medea 26000, Algeria
| | - Selma Toumi
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Transport Phenomena (LBMPT), New Urban Pole, Medea University, Medea 26000, Algeria
| | - Sabrina Lekmine
- Biotechnology, Water, Environment and Health Laboratory, Abbes Laghrour University, Khenchela 40000, Algeria
| | - Sonia Lefnaoui
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Transport Phenomena (LBMPT), New Urban Pole, Medea University, Medea 26000, Algeria
| | - Ouided Benslama
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Biomolecules and Biotechnological Applications, Department of Natural and Life Sciences, Larbi Ben M'Hidi University, Oum El Bouaghi 04000, Algeria
| | - Rachida Bouallouche
- Reaction Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical and Process Engineering, University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, BP32 El Alia, Bab Ezzouar, Algiers 16111, Algeria
| | - Hichem Tahraoui
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Transport Phenomena (LBMPT), New Urban Pole, Medea University, Medea 26000, Algeria
- Laboratory of Chemical Process Engineering, Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Ferhat Abbas University, Setif-1, Setif 19000, Algeria
- National Higher School of Chemistry of Rennes, Scientific Research National Center (CNRS), Rennes Institute of Chemical Sciences-Mixed Research Unit (ISCR-UMR6226), Rennes University, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Mohammad Shamsul Ola
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Ali
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Mumbai, Vidyanagari, Mumbai 400098, India
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Engineering, Merz Court, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Abdeltif Amrane
- National Higher School of Chemistry of Rennes, Scientific Research National Center (CNRS), Rennes Institute of Chemical Sciences-Mixed Research Unit (ISCR-UMR6226), Rennes University, 35000 Rennes, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ibrahim AE, El Gohary NA, Aboushady D, Samir L, Karim SEA, Herz M, Salman BI, Al-Harrasi A, Hanafi R, El Deeb S. Recent advances in chiral selectors immobilization and chiral mobile phase additives in liquid chromatographic enantio-separations: A review. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1706:464214. [PMID: 37506464 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
For decades now, the separation of chiral enantiomers of drugs has been gaining the interest and attention of researchers. In 1991, the first guidelines for development of chiral drugs were firstly released by the US-FDA. Since then, the development in chromatographic enantioseparation tools has been fast and variable, aiming at creating a suitable environment where the physically and chemically identical enantiomers can be separated. Among those tools, the immobilization of chiral selectors (CS) on different stationary phases and the chiral mobile phase additives (CMPA) which have been progressed and studied extensively. This review article highlights the major advances in immobilization of CS together with their different recognition mechanisms as well as CMPA as a cheaper and successful alternative for chiral stationary phases. Moreover, the role of molecular modeling tool as a pre-step in the choice of CS for evaluating possible interactions with different ligands has been pointed up. Illustrations of reported methods and updates for immobilized CS and CMPA have been included.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adel Ehab Ibrahim
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port-Said University, Port-Said 42511, Egypt; Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Nesrine Abdelrehim El Gohary
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Dina Aboushady
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Liza Samir
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Shereen Ekram Abdel Karim
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Magy Herz
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Baher I Salman
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Rasha Hanafi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Sami El Deeb
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig 38092, Germany; Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Berkecz R, Tanács D, Péter A, Ilisz I. Enantioselective Liquid Chromatographic Separations Using Macrocyclic Glycopeptide-Based Chiral Selectors. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113380. [PMID: 34205002 PMCID: PMC8199854 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous chemical compounds of high practical importance, such as drugs, fertilizers, and food additives are being commercialized as racemic mixtures, although in most cases only one of the isomers possesses the desirable properties. As our understanding of the biological actions of chiral compounds has improved, the investigation of the pharmacological and toxicological properties has become more and more important. Chirality has become a major issue in the pharmaceutical industry; therefore, there is a continuous demand to extend the available analytical methods for enantiomeric separations and enhance their efficiency. Direct liquid chromatography methods based on the application of chiral stationary phases have become a very sophisticated field of enantiomeric separations by now. Hundreds of chiral stationary phases have been commercialized so far. Among these, macrocyclic glycopeptide-based chiral selectors have proved to be an exceptionally useful class of chiral selectors for the separation of enantiomers of biological and pharmacological importance. This review focuses on direct liquid chromatography-based enantiomer separations, applying macrocyclic glycopeptide-based chiral selectors. Special attention is paid to the characterization of the physico-chemical properties of these macrocyclic glycopeptide antibiotics providing detailed information on their applications published recently.
Collapse
|
4
|
Lee S, Kim SJ, Bang E, Na YC. Chiral separation of intact amino acids by capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry employing a partial filling technique with a crown ether carboxylic acid. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1586:128-138. [PMID: 30558847 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
An enantiomeric separation method for underivatized free amino acids (AAs) using a partial filling technique with CE-MS was developed for the determination of D-AAs in vinegars. A typical chiral separation method was performed with different concentrations of (18-crown-6)-2,3,11,12-tetracarboxylic acid (18C6H4) dissolved in water or formic acid as the background electrolyte. Seventeen AAs, excluding proline and asparagine, were separated, showing chiral resolution values (Rs) ranging from 0.5 to 21.0. These results included baseline separations of 11 AAs, the peaks of which were observed as the ions [AA+18C6H4+H]+. The migration order of the chiral AAs was also evaluated, and the L-AAs migrated faster than the counterpart D-AAs except for serine, threonine and methionine when using (+)-18C6H4. To reduce contamination of the ESI source by the nonvolatile chiral selector and improve the ionization efficiency in partial filling technique, the separation zone length was adjusted to 70% of the capillary, which was filled with 30 mM 18C6H4 in water. This method showed a similar separation efficiency as the typical method, and the separated AA peaks were observed as free AA ions, [AA+H]+. The optimized method provided limits of detection (LODs) ranging from 0.07 to 1.03 μg/mL and good linearity (R2 > 0.99) up to 50 μg/mL for DL-AAs. The developed method was utilized to determine DL-AAs in vinegars with a simple pretreatment process. It may be extended to sensitive AA analysis in the determination of minor enantiomeric impurities in the major component.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sul Lee
- Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, 150 Bugahyeon-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Kim
- Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, 150 Bugahyeon-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Science & Engineering, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjung Bang
- Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, 150 Bugahyeon-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Cheol Na
- Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, 150 Bugahyeon-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03759, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yuan C. Direct resolution of enantiomers of dl-amino acids by thin-layer chromatography with vancomycin as impregnating agent. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2014. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.27.2014.4.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
6
|
Dołowy M, Pyka A. Application of TLC, HPLC and GC methods to the study of amino acid and peptide enantiomers: a review. Biomed Chromatogr 2013; 28:84-101. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Dołowy
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; Medical University of Silesia in Katowice; Sosnowiec Poland
| | - Alina Pyka
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; Medical University of Silesia in Katowice; Sosnowiec Poland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rat'ko AA, Stefan RI, van Staden JKF, Aboul-Enein HY. Determination of l-carnitine using enantioselective, potentiometric membrane electrodes based on macrocyclic antibiotics. Talanta 2012; 63:515-9. [PMID: 18969462 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2003.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2003] [Revised: 11/11/2003] [Accepted: 11/12/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In order to determine the enantiopurity of l-carnitine three enantioselective, potentiometric membrane electrodes were proposed for the assay of l-carnitine. The electrodes were designed using macrocyclic glycopeptide antibiotics-vancomycin and teicoplanin. Acetonitrile was added to the teicoplanine to design a modified teicoplanine based electrode. The linear concentration ranges for the proposed enantioselective membrane electrodes were 10(-4) to 10(-2)moll(-1) for electrodes based on vancomycin and teicoplanin and 10(-5) to 10(-2)moll(-1) for electrode based on teicoplanin modified with acetonitrile. The slopes of the electrodes were 56.5mV per pl-carnitine; 54.5mV per pl-carnitine and 58.3mV per pl-carnitine for vancomycin-, teicoplanin- and teicoplanin modified with acetonitrile-based electrodes, respectively. The enantioselectivity was determined over d-carnitine. The proposed electrodes could be employed reliably for the assay of l-carnitine raw material and its pharmaceutical formulation, Carnilean((R)) capsules. The surfaces of the electrodes are stable and easily renewable by polishing on alumina paper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A Rat'ko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shen J, Liu S, Li P, Shen X, Okamoto Y. Controlled synthesis and chiral recognition of immobilized cellulose and amylose tris(cyclohexylcarbamate)s/3-(triethoxysilyl)propylcarbamates as chiral packing materials for high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1246:137-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Revised: 04/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
9
|
Evaluation of clarithromycin lactobionate as a novel chiral selector for enantiomeric separation of basic drugs in capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:1898-905. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201000630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
10
|
Jourdan E, Haroun M, Slama I, Ravel A, Grosset C, Villet A, Peyrin E. Use of an Amino Stationary Phase to Study the Vancomycin Dimerization Dependence on Solute Enantioselectivity. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2011. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-120020090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Jourdan
- a Equipe de Chimie Analytique, Département de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire , UFR de Pharmacie de Grenoble, Domaine de la Merci , UMR CNR12S‐UFJ 5063, La Tronche , 38700 , France
| | - Mohamed Haroun
- a Equipe de Chimie Analytique, Département de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire , UFR de Pharmacie de Grenoble, Domaine de la Merci , UMR CNR12S‐UFJ 5063, La Tronche , 38700 , France
| | - Ines Slama
- a Equipe de Chimie Analytique, Département de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire , UFR de Pharmacie de Grenoble, Domaine de la Merci , UMR CNR12S‐UFJ 5063, La Tronche , 38700 , France
| | - Anne Ravel
- a Equipe de Chimie Analytique, Département de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire , UFR de Pharmacie de Grenoble, Domaine de la Merci , UMR CNR12S‐UFJ 5063, La Tronche , 38700 , France
| | - Catherine Grosset
- a Equipe de Chimie Analytique, Département de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire , UFR de Pharmacie de Grenoble, Domaine de la Merci , UMR CNR12S‐UFJ 5063, La Tronche , 38700 , France
| | - Annick Villet
- a Equipe de Chimie Analytique, Département de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire , UFR de Pharmacie de Grenoble, Domaine de la Merci , UMR CNR12S‐UFJ 5063, La Tronche , 38700 , France
| | - Eric Peyrin
- a Equipe de Chimie Analytique, Département de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire , UFR de Pharmacie de Grenoble, Domaine de la Merci , UMR CNR12S‐UFJ 5063, La Tronche , 38700 , France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chiral analysis of pharmaceuticals by capillary electrophoresis using antibiotics as chiral selectors. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010; 53:1170-9. [PMID: 20675089 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2010] [Revised: 06/29/2010] [Accepted: 07/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The review summarizes the use of the chiral capillary electrophoresis (CE) with different class of antibiotics as chiral selectors in the pharmaceutical field. Basic factors influencing the enantioseparation are shortly discussed. Non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis is also included as well as the coupling of CE to MS. The selection of a chiral selector according the ionic state and structure of the analyte is described. Summary of pharmaceutical applications of chiral CE is given.
Collapse
|
12
|
Bhushan R, Agarwal C. Resolution of beta blocker enantiomers by TLC with vancomycin as impregnating agent or as chiral mobile phase additive. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2010. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.23.2010.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
13
|
Hsiao YL, Chen S. LC Separation of Enantiomers on Silica-Bonded Thiostrepton Derivatives. Chromatographia 2009. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-009-1290-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
14
|
Determination of vancomycin in human plasma using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 395:527-32. [PMID: 19655128 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-2948-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2009] [Revised: 06/13/2009] [Accepted: 07/01/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method with fluorescence detection for the quantification of vancomycin in human plasma was developed and validated. The method includes an extraction of vancomycin by deproteinization with acetonitrile. The analyses were carried out at 258 nm as the emission wavelength while exciting at 225 nm on a reversed-phase column (30 cm x 4 mm i.d. x 10 microm Waters Associates microBondapak C18) using a mobile phase composed of methanol and phosphate buffer at pH 6.3. Vancomycin was quantitatively recovered from human plasma samples (>96%) with high values of precision. The separation was completed within 27 min. The calibration curve was linear over the range from 5 to 1,000 ng/mL with the detection and quantification limits of 2 ng/mL and 5 ng/mL, respectively. This method is suitable for the routine assay of plasma samples.
Collapse
|
15
|
Ozer H, Kocakaya ŞO, Akgun A, Hoşgören H, Togrul M. The enantiomeric recognition of chiral organic ammonium salts by chiral pyridino-macrocycles bearing aminoalcohol subunits. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2009.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
16
|
Bai L, Sheeley S, Sweedler JV. Analysis of Endogenous D-Amino Acid-Containing Peptides in Metazoa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 1:7-24. [PMID: 20490347 DOI: 10.1007/s12566-009-0001-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Peptides are chiral molecules with their structure determined by the composition and configuration of their amino acid building blocks. The naturally occurring amino acids, except glycine, possess two chiral forms. This allows the formation of multiple peptide diastereomers that have the same sequence. Although living organisms use L-amino acids to make proteins, a group of D-amino acid-containing peptides (DAACPs) has been discovered in animals that have at least one of their residues isomerized to the D-form via an enzyme-catalyzed process. In many cases, the biological functions of these peptides are enhanced due to this structural conversion. These DAACPs are different from those known to occur in bacterial cell wall and antibiotic peptides, the latter of which are synthesized in a ribosome-independent manner. DAACPs have now also been identified in a number of distinct groups throughout the Metazoa. Their serendipitous discovery has often resulted from discrepancies observed in bioassays or in chromatographic behavior between natural peptide fractions and peptides synthesized according to a presumed all-L sequence. Because this L-to-D post-translational modification is subtle and not detectable by most sequence determination approaches, it is reasonable to suspect that many studies have overlooked this change; accordingly, DAACPs may be more prevalent than currently thought. Although diastereomer separation techniques developed with synthetic peptides in recent years have greatly aided in the discovery of natural DAACPs, there is a need for new, more robust methods for naturally complex samples. In this review, a brief history of DAACPs in animals is presented, followed by discussion of a variety of analytical methods that have been used for diastereomeric separation and detection of peptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Bai
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Stefan-van Staden RI, van Staden JF, Aboul-Enein HY. Macrocyclic antibiotics as chiral selectors in the design of enantioselective, potentiometric membrane electrodes for the determination of S-flurbiprofen. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 394:821-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-2742-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2009] [Revised: 03/01/2009] [Accepted: 03/05/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
18
|
Mitchell CR, Armstrong DW, Berthod A. Could linear solvation energy relationships give insights into chiral recognition mechanisms? 2. Characterization of macrocyclic glycopeptide stationary phases. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1166:70-8. [PMID: 17719593 PMCID: PMC4155902 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.07.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2007] [Revised: 07/17/2007] [Accepted: 07/23/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Five parameter linear solvation energy relationships (LSER) are known to have little or no shape recognition ability. However, it is proposed to use LSER studies to get insights into chiral recognition mechanisms. Since the two enantiomers have exactly the same five A-V solute descriptors being still separated by chiral stationary phases (CSPs), it can be considered that they form two different transient diastereoisomers with the CSP. It is then possible to perform LSER studies on the enantioselectivity factors taken as the two enantiomer retention factor ratios. In a first step, the five a-v system parameters of four CSPs of the macrocyclic glycopeptide types were determined using a set of test solutes with known A-V descriptors, both in the reversed phase and the normal phase modes. In a second step, the A-V descriptors of 18 enantiomeric pairs were tentatively established using five achiral columns with known a-v parameters. This was successful for the five molecular enantiomers only. It was found that the predicted retention factor for the molecular enantiomers separated on a given CSP corresponded either to retention factor of the first experimentally eluted enantiomer or to the second one or to none of them. Using the enantioselectivity factors it was possible to obtain the Deltaa-Deltav parameters corresponding to the difference in CSP properties seen by the two enantiomers. For the five molecular enantiomeric pairs in the reversed phase mode with a teicoplanin CSP, it was found that there was an elevated contribution by the e coefficient that we interpret as a possible interaction between surface charges on the teicoplanin CSP and solute induced dipoles. Steric effects, seen on the v parameter, are second in magnitude followed by H-bond and polar interactions. Only one solute could be studied in the normal phase mode showing a different mechanism with polar and steric major interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel W. Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, 700 Planetarium Place, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
- Corresponding author. (D.W. Armstrong)
| | - Alain Berthod
- Laboratoire des Sciences Analytiques, CNRS, Université de Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +33 472431434; fax: +33 472431078. (A. Berthod)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Maier V, Petr J, Knob R, Horáková J, Sevcík J. Electrokinetic partial filling technique as a powerful tool for enantiomeric separation ofDL-lactic acid by CE with contactless conductivity detection. Electrophoresis 2007; 28:1815-22. [PMID: 17464963 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200600578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A modified partial filling method for chiral separation of DL-lactic acid as the model chiral compound with vancomycin chloride as the chiral selector was developed by CE with contactless conductivity detection. Electrokinetic partial filling technique (EK-PFT) was used as an alternative method to the conventional hydrodynamic partial filling method. EK-PFT, in contrast to the hydrodynamic partial filling technique, allowed the removal of the chloride counterions from the chiral selector which otherwise led to poor sensitivity in conductivity detection. The baseline separation of DL-lactic acid as the model analyte was achieved in 5 min in a polyacrylamide-coated capillary. The best resolution was achieved by electrokinetic partial filling of vancomycin cations from the injection solution containing 5 mmol/L oxalate L-histidinium at pH 4.5 with 10 mmol/L vancomycin chloride. Computer simulation was used to explain the observed phenomena in the boundary between the inject vial and the capillary during the EK-PFT of vancomycin cations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vítezslav Maier
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bhushan R, Brückner H, Kumar V, Gupta D. Indirect TLC resolution of amino acid enantiomers after derivatization withMarfey’sreagent and its chiral variants. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2007. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.20.2007.3.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
21
|
Liu W, Wang F, Li HD. Simultaneous stereoselective analysis of venlafaxine and O-desmethylvenlafaxine enantiomers in human plasma by HPLC-ESI/MS using a vancomycin chiral column. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 850:183-9. [PMID: 17140867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2006] [Revised: 11/12/2006] [Accepted: 11/15/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI/MS) method for simultaneous stereoselective analysis of venlafaxine (VEN) and its major metabolite O-desmethylvenlafaxine (ODV) enantiomers in human plasma has been developed and validated. Chiral chromatography is performed on the CHRIOBIOTIC V (5 microm, 250 mm x 4.6 mm) column with mobile phase constituted of 30 mmol/l ammonium acetate-methanol (15:85, pH 6.0) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and a postcolumn splitting ratio of 3:1. The compounds were ionized in the electrospray ionization (ESI) ion source of the mass spectrometer and detected using the selected ion recording (SIR) mode. Calibration curves obtained from spiked plasma were linear in the range of 5.0-400 ng/ml for S-(+)-VEN and R-(-)-VEN, 4.0-280 ng/ml for S-(+)-ODV and R-(-)-ODV, respectively, with linear correlation coefficient all above 0.999. The average extraction recoveries for all the four analytes were above 76%. The methodology recoveries were higher than 92%. The limit of detection were 1.0 ng/ml for S-(+)-VEN and R-(-)-VEN, 1.5 ng/ml for S-(+)-ODV and R-(-)-ODV, respectively. The intra- and inter-day variation coefficients were less than 9%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Liu
- Clinical Pharmaceutical Research Laboratory, Second XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, ChangSha 410011, PR China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hefnawy MM, Sultan MA, Al‐Shehri MM. Development of an HPLC Method for the Quantitation of Bisoprolol Enantiomers in Pharmaceutical Products using a Teicoplanin Chiral Stationary Phase and Fluorescence Detection. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070600978302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M. Hefnawy
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha A. Sultan
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona M. Al‐Shehri
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , King Saud University , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hefnawy MM, Sultan MA, Al-Shehri MM. Direct Enantiomeric Resolution of Betaxolol with Application to Analysis of Pharmaceutical Products. ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY INSIGHTS 2007. [DOI: 10.1177/117739010600100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method has been developed for the separation and determination of S- and R-enantiomers of betaxolol in tablets and ophthalmic preparations. Baseline resolution was achieved by using teicoplanin macrocyclic antibiotic chiral stationary phase (CSP) known as Chirobiotic T with fluorescence detection at excitation/emission wavelengths 275/305 nm. The polar ionic mobile phase (PIM) consists of methanol-glacial acetic acid-triethylamine, (100:0.020:0.025, v/v/v) has been used at a flow rate of 1.5 ml/min. All analytes with S-(-)-atenolol as internal standard were conducted at ambient temperature. The method is highly specific where another coformulated compounds did not interfere. The stability of betaxolol enantiomers under different degree of temperature also studied. The results showed that it is stable for at least 7 days at 70°C. The method validated for its linearity, accuracy, precision and robustness. Experimental design was used during validation to evaluate method robustness. Using the chromatographic conditions described, S- and R-betaxolol were well resolved with mean retention times of 11.3 and 12.6 min, respectively. Linear response (r > 0.997) was observed over the range of 10-500 ng/ml of betaxolol enantiomers, with detection limit of 5 ng/ml. The recoveries of S- and R-betaxolol from tablets and ophthalmic preparation ranged from 97.4 to 101.4% and 98.0 to 102.0%, respectively. The mean relative standard deviation (R.S.D.%) for both enantiomers were 1.1-1.4% and 1.3-1.7% in tablets and ophthalmic solution, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M. Hefnawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha A. Sultan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona M. Al-Shehri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Duret P, Foucault A, Margraff R. VANCOMYCIN AS A CHIRAL SELECTOR IN CENTRIFUGAL PARTITION CHROMATOGRAPHY. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-100101453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ph. Duret
- a Université Paris XI , Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, URA CNRS 1843-BioCIS, Faculté de Pharmacie, rue Jean-Baptiste Clément, Châtenay-Malabry, 92296, France
| | - A. Foucault
- b IFREMER , Unité de Recherche Marine 2, rue de l’Ile d’Yeu, BP 21105, 44311 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chen S, Liu Y, Armstrong DW, Borrell JI, Martinez-Teipel B, Matallana JL. Enantioresolution of Substituted 2-Methoxy-6-oxo-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridine-3-carbonitriles on Macrocyclic Antibiotic and Cyclodextrin Stationary Phases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10826079508009290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
26
|
Chen S. HPLC Enantiomeric Resolution of Phenyl Isothiocyanated Amino Acids on Teicoplanin‐Bonded Phase Using an Acetonitrile‐Based Mobile Phase: A Structural Consideration. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2006. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-120025603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shushi Chen
- a Department of Applied Chemistry , National Chiayi University , Chiayi, Taiwan, 600, R.O.C
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Gatschelhofer C, Schmid MG, Schreiner K, Pieber TR, Sinner FM, Gübitz G. Enantioseparation of glycyl-dipeptides by CEC using particle-loaded monoliths prepared by ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 69:67-77. [PMID: 16556463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbbm.2006.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2005] [Accepted: 01/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Novel particle-loaded monolithic capillary electrochromatography (CEC) phases for chiral separations were prepared via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) within the confines of fused silica columns with 200 microm i.d. using norborn-2-ene (NBE), 1,4,4a,5,8,8a-hexahydro-1,4,5,8,exo,endo-dimethanonaphthalene (DMN-H6) as monomers, 2-propanol and toluene as porogens, RuCl2(PCy3)2(CHPh) as initiator and silica-based particles containing the chiral selector. By suspending silica particles bearing the chiral selector in the polymerization mixture, particle-based monoliths are easily prepared. This approach has several advantages compared to particle-based separation media: (i) the concept of particle-based monoliths is broadly applicable, as any silica-based chiral phase can be used; (ii) they are inexpensive to prepare; and (iii) the manufacturing process is very simple, no sophisticated packing procedures or the preparation of end frits are required. To show the usefulness of this concept for chiral CEC, the chiral separation performance of particle-loaded CEC monoliths bearing teicoplanin aglycone, chemically bonded to 3 microm silica gel, was investigated for a set of glycyl-dipeptides. Particle-loaded ROMP CEC monoliths showed good separation performance for glycyl-dipeptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Gatschelhofer
- Institute of Medical Technologies and Health Management, JOANNEUM RESEARCH, Auenbruggerplatz 20/3, A-8036 Graz, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Han X, Huang Q, Ding J, Larock R, Armstrong D. Enantiomeric Separation of Fused Polycycles by HPLC with Cyclodextrin and Macrocyclic Glycopeptide Chiral Stationary Phases. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2005. [DOI: 10.1080/01496390500290535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
29
|
Togrul M, Askin M, Hosgoren H. Synthesis of chiral monoaza-15-crown-5 ethers from a chiral amino alcohol and enantiomeric recognition of potassium and sodium salts of amino acids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2005.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
30
|
Bhushan R, Gupta D. Thin-layer chromatography separation of enantiomers of verapamil using macrocyclic antibiotic as a chiral selector. Biomed Chromatogr 2005; 19:474-8. [PMID: 16037933 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Silica gel thin-layer chromatography plates impregnated with macrocyclic antibiotic, vancomycin, as chiral selector were prepared and used for the resolution of (+/-)-verapamil. A mobile phase system of acetonitrile-methanol-water (15:2.5:2.5, v/v) was worked out systematically. The effects of chiral selector, temperature and pH on resolution were also studied. The spots were detected with iodine vapors and the detection limit was found to be 0.074 microg of each enantiomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Bhushan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee-247 667, India.
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Yang X, Li B, Fu E. Synthesis of Novel L‐Proline Derived Macrocyclic Dioxopolyamines of C2Symmetry. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2005. [DOI: 10.1081/scc-200048458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
32
|
Nowakowska J. Analysis of selected macrocyclic antibiotics by HPTLC with non-aqueous binary mobile phases. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2004. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.17.2004.3.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
33
|
Hefnawy MM, Aboul-Enein HY. A validated LC method for the determination of vesamicol enantiomers in human plasma using vancomycin chiral stationary phase and solid phase extraction. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2004; 35:535-43. [PMID: 15137978 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2004.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2003] [Revised: 01/08/2004] [Accepted: 01/09/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
An enantioseparation high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed and validated to determine D-(+)- and L-(-)-vesamicol in human plasma. The assay involved the use of a solid phase extraction for plasma sample clean up prior to HPLC analysis utilizing a C18 Bond-Elute column. Chromatographic resolution of the vesamicol enantiomers was performed on a vancomycin macrocyclic antibiotic chiral stationary phase (CSP) known as Chirobiotic V with a polar ionic mobile phase (PIM) consisting of methanol:glacial acetic acid:triethylamine (100:0.1:0.05 (v/v/v)) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and UV detection set at 262 nm. All analyses were conducted at ambient temperature. The method was validated over the range of 1-20 microg/ml for each enantiomer concentration (R2>0.999). Recoveries for D-(+)- and L-(-)-vesamicol enantiomers were in the ranges of 96-105% at 3-16 microg/ml level. The method proved to be precise (within-run precision ranged from 1.3 to 2.7% and between-run precision ranged from 1.5 to 3.4%) and accurate (within-run accuracies ranged from 0.8 to 3.4% and between-run accuracies ranged from 1.7 to 5.0%). The limit of quantitation (LOQ) and limit of detection (LOD) for each enantiomer in human plasma were 1.0 and 0.5 microg/ml (S/N=3), respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Hefnawy
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Laboratory, Biological and Medical Research Department (MBC-03), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 1211 Saudi Arabia
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Aboul-Enein HY, Hefnawy MM. Chiral analysis of butaclamol enantiomers in human plasma by HPLC using a macrocyclic antibiotic (vancomycin) chiral stationary phase and solid phase extraction. Chirality 2004; 16:147-52. [PMID: 14770410 DOI: 10.1002/chir.20001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
An enantioseparation of the antipsychotic drug butaclamol in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with solid phase extraction is presented. The separation was achieved on the vancomycin macrocyclic antibiotic chiral stationary phase (CSP) Chirobiotic V with a polar ionic mobile phase (PIM) consisting of methanol : glacial acetic acid : triethylamine (100:0.2:0.05, v/v/v) at a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min. The detection wavelength was 262 nm. Bond Elut C18 solid phase extraction cartridges were used in the sample preparation of butaclamol samples from plasma. The method was validated over the range of 100-3,000 ng/ml for each enantiomer concentration (R(2) > 0.999). Recoveries for (+)- and (-)-butaclamol were in the range of 94-104% at the 300-2,500 ng/ml level. The method proved to be precise (within-run precision ranged from 1.1-2.6% and between-run precision ranged from 1.9-3.2%) and accurate (within-run accuracies ranged from 1.5-5.8% and between-run accuracies ranged from 2.7-7.7%). The limit of quantitation (LOQ) and limit of detection (LOD) for each enantiomer in human plasma were 100 ng/ml and 50 ng/ml, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Y Aboul-Enein
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Laboratory, Biological and Medical Research Department (MBC-03), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Rat'ko AA, Stefan R. Teicoplanin‐Based Enantioselective, Potentiometric Membrane Electrodes for the Determination of R‐Baclofen in Pharmaceutical Formulations. ANAL LETT 2004. [DOI: 10.1081/al-200040315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
36
|
Sharp VS, Letts MN, Risley DS, Rose JP. Enantiomeric separation of dansyl amino acids using macrocyclic antibiotics as chiral mobile phase additives by narrow-bore high-performance liquid chromatography. Chirality 2004; 16:153-61. [PMID: 14770411 DOI: 10.1002/chir.20002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Seven macrocyclic antibiotics were evaluated as chiral selectors for the enantiomeric separation of 11 dansyl amino acids using narrow-bore high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The macrocyclic antibiotics were incorporated as mobile phase additives to determine the enantioselective effects on the chiral analytes. The resolution and capacity factor (k') of each analyte were assessed while varying the structure of macrocyclic antibiotic and the mobile phase buffer pH. The selectivity of the chiral selectors was measured as a function of changes in these parameters. All 11 dansyl amino acids were separated by at least one of the chiral selectors. Three-dimensional computer modeling of the more effective chiral selectors illustrated the importance of macrocyclic antibiotic structure concerning stereospecific analyte interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Scott Sharp
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Bldg. 77, Drop 0734, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Schmid MG, Grobuschek N, Pessenhofer V, Klostius A, Gübitz G. Enantioseparation of dipeptides by capillary electrochromatography on a teicoplanin aglycone chiral stationary phase. J Chromatogr A 2003; 990:83-90. [PMID: 12685586 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(02)02005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This work deals with investigations on the enantioseparation of glycyl-dipeptides by capillary electrochromatography (CEC) on a capillary packed with teicoplanin aglycone immobilized on 3.5 microm silica gel. The results were compared to those obtained with micro-HPLC using the same chiral stationary phase. Polar organic and reversed-phase mode were checked, whereby the latter showed better results. Out of 12 glycyldipetides investigated, all compounds showed baseline separation with Rs values up to 20. Plate numbers were in the range of 10,000-300,000/m. The choice of organic modifier was found to be crucial. While methanol increased retention time, acetonitrile reduced it. A ternary mixture of ethanol-acetonitrile-aqueous triethylamine acetate solution pH 4.1 was found to be a useful compromise, providing excellent resolution with retention times less than 25 min. Efficiency and resolution were generally found to be higher in CEC than with micro-HPLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin G Schmid
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, Karl-Franzens University, Universitätsplatz I, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Grobuschek N, Schmid MG, Koidl J, Gübitz G. Enantioseparation of amino acids and drugs by CEC, pressure supported CEC, and micro-hPLC using a teicoplanin aglycone stationary phase. J Sep Sci 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/1615-9314(20021101)25:15/17<1297::aid-jssc1297>3.0.co;2-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
39
|
Slama I, Dufresne C, Jourdan E, Fahrat F, Villet A, Ravel A, Grosset C, Peyrin E. Vancomycin dimerization and chiral recognition studied by high-performance liquid chromatography. Anal Chem 2002; 74:5205-11. [PMID: 12403572 DOI: 10.1021/ac0257243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The retention and separation of D,L-dansylvaline enantiomers (used as test solutes) were investigated using silica gel as stationary phase and vancomycin as chiral mobile-phase additive. A retention model was developed to describe the mechanistic aspects of the interaction between solute and vancomycin in the chromatographic system. It considered the formation of vancomycin dimers both "free" in the mobile phase and adsorbed on silica. By fitting the model equation to experimental data, it appeared clearly that the approach taking into account the vancomycin dimerization described accurately the retention behavior of the compounds. The examination of the model equation parameters showed that the glycopeptide dimerization increased the enantioselectivity by a factor of approximately 3.7. This study demonstrated the preponderant role of the vancomycin dimerization on the chiral recognition process of D,L-dansylvaline. Also, an additional analysis on a vancomycin chiral stationary phase indicated that the addition of vancomycin in the mobile phase promoted a greater enantioselectivity mediated by the formation of dimers in the stationary phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ines Slama
- Département de Pharmacochimie Moléculaire, UMR CNRS 5063, UFR de Pharmacie de Grenoble, La Tronche, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
TLC determination of selected macrocyclic antibiotics using normal and reversed phases. Chromatographia 2002. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02491947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
41
|
Török G, Pëter A, Armstrong DW, Tourwë D, Töth G, Säpi J. Direct chiral separation of unnatural amino acids by high-performance liquid chromatography on a ristocetin a-bonded stationary phase. Chirality 2002; 13:648-56. [PMID: 11746797 DOI: 10.1002/chir.10004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Direct high-performance liquid chromatographic chiral separation of numerous underivatized unnatural amino acids on a ristocetin A-bonded chiral stationary phase used in the reversed-phase and in the polar organic chromatographic modes is reported. The effects of different parameters such as mobile phase composition, temperature, and the structure of the analytes on the selectivity in both chromatographic modes are discussed. By variation of the parameters, the separation of the stereoisomers was optimized and, as a result, baseline resolution was achieved in most cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Török
- University of Szeged, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Fang M, Fu E, Yuan Q, Xue P, Wu C, Chen J. A SHORT SYNTHESIS OF CHIRAL MACROCYCLIC DIOXOPOLYAMINES DERIVED FROMl-PROLINE. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2002. [DOI: 10.1081/scc-120014977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
43
|
Bhushan R, Arora M. Resolution of enantiomers of DL-amino acids on silica gel plates impregnated with optically pure (-)-quinine. Biomed Chromatogr 2001; 15:433-6. [PMID: 11746238 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
TLC resolution of enantiomers from racemic amino acids was achieved on silica gel plates impregnated with optically pure (-)-quinine. The successful solvent systems were butanol-chloroform-acetic acid (3:7:5, v/v) for DL-methionine; 6:8:4, v/v for alanine; 10:1:4; v/v for threonine; and ethyl acetate-carbon tetrachloride-propionic acid (10.5:6.5:3.5, v/v) for valine. Minimum detection limits were found to be different for each of the amino acid, ranging between 0.9 and 3.7 microg. The effects of concentration of impregnating reagent, temperature and pH on resolution of enantiomers have been studied in details.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Bhushan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Roorkee, Roorkee 247 667, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Gübitz G, Schmid MG. Chiral separation by chromatographic and electromigration techniques. A review. Biopharm Drug Dispos 2001; 22:291-336. [PMID: 11835252 DOI: 10.1002/bdd.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This review gives a survey of different chiral separation principles and their use in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC), supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC), thin-layer chromatography (TLC), capillary electrophoresis (CE) and capillary electrochromatography (CEC) highlighting new developments and innovative techniques. The mechanisms of the different separation principles are briefly discussed and some selected applications are shown.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Gübitz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology, Karl-Franzens University, Universitätsplatz 1, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Yu YP, Wu SH. Simultaneous analysis of enantiomeric composition of amino acids and N-acetyl-amino acids by enantioselective chromatography. Chirality 2001; 13:231-5. [PMID: 11317343 DOI: 10.1002/chir.1024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Among the three chiral columns, CHIROBIOTIC T, CHIRLPAK WH, and CHIRALCEL OD-R, tested for the separation of racemic amino acids and N-acetyl-amino acids, only CHIROBIOTIC T chiral column which is based on covalently bonded amphoteric glycopeptide, teicoplanin, as the stationary phase ligand could be successfully developed to enantiomerically separate racemic amino acids and N-acetyl amino acids simultaneously. This method can be used to determine the enantiomeric composition of amino acids and N-acetyl-amino acids in the catalysis of D-aminoacylase or L-aminoacylase and the conversion rate of N-acylamino acid racemases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y P Yu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ward TJ, Farris AB, Woodling K. Synergistic chiral separations using the glycopeptides ristocetin A and vancomycin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001; 48:163-74. [PMID: 11356486 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-022x(01)00147-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The effectiveness of using a mixture of the chiral selectors vancomycin and ristocetin A to achieve chiral recognition was examined in this study. The results of using the mixed chiral selector vancomycin and ristocetin A in capillary electrophoresis were compared with the results of using each chiral selector alone. Chiral separations were carried out using a coated capillary column to suppress electroosmotic flow and minimize interactions with the capillary wall. We employed a countercurrent process where the solute reaches the detection cell window after the chiral selector has cleared the window, minimizing the background absorbance from the chiral selector and improving sensitivity. Using a mixture of vancomycin and ristocetin A, separations were achieved which often exceeded the resolving power of either chiral selector when used alone. The effect of voltage on resolution was also studied, and the optimal voltage was found to be between -5 and -8 kV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T J Ward
- Department of Chemistry, Millsaps College, 1701 North State Street, 39210, Jackson, MS, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Foucault AP. Enantioseparations in counter-current chromatography and centrifugal partition chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2001; 906:365-78. [PMID: 11215897 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)00499-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Examples of chiral separations in counter-current chromatography (CCC) and centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) are not numerous, due to the difficulty of finding chiral selectors highly selective in the liquid phase as well as a combination of solvents that does not destroy the selectivity and retains the capacity to elute chiral isomers of interest. New ideas and new chiral selectors generally come from other separation techniques, as will be highlighted in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A P Foucault
- URM2-CNRS UMR 7540, Lab. VP/BM, IFREMER, Nantes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
The macrocyclic antibiotics have recently gained popularity as chiral selectors in CE, HPLC and TLC. The macrocyclic antibiotics used for chiral separations include the ansamycins, the glycopeptides, and the polypeptide antibiotic thiostrepton. Although not strictly considered macrocyclic antibiotics, the aminoglycosides are antibiotics that have been used for chiral separations in CE. More chiral analytes have been resolved using the glycopeptides than with the other macrocyclic antibiotics combined. The glycopeptides vancomycin, ristocetin A and teicoplanin have been used extensively as chiral selectors in CE, with ristocetin A appearing to be the most useful chiral selector followed by vancomycin and teicoplanin, respectively. The macrocyclic antibiotics have also been used as chiral bonded phases in HPLC, and HPLC stationary phases based on vancomycin, ristocetin A and teicoplanin have been commercialized. Ristocetin A seems to be the most useful glycopeptide HPLC bonded phase, but its greater expense can be a drawback. The macrocyclic antibiotics have been used with micelles to improve efficiency, provide unique selectivity, and extend the range of separations to neutral solutes. Changing the macrocyclic antibiotic used in CE or HPLC can significantly alter the enantioselectivity of the separations. In fact, the glycopeptide antibiotics are complementary to one another, where if a partial enantioresolution is obtained with one glycopeptide, there is a high probability that a baseline or better separation can be obtained with another.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T J Ward
- Department of Chemistry, Millsaps College, Jackson, MS 39210, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Péter A, Török G, Armstrong DW, Tóth G, Tourwé D. High-performance liquid chromatographic separation of enantiomers of synthetic amino acids on a ristocetin A chiral stationary phase. J Chromatogr A 2000; 904:1-15. [PMID: 11209895 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)00917-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A macrocyclic glycopeptide, ristocetin A, was used as chiral stationary phase for the high-performance liquid chromatographic separation of enantiomers of 28 unnatural amino acids, such as analogues of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan, and analogues containing 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline, tetraline or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-carboline skeletons. Excellent resolutions were achieved for most of the investigated compounds by using reversed-phase or a new polar-organic mobile phase system. The conditions of separation were optimized by variation of the mobile phase composition, temperature and flow-rate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Péter
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged, Hungary.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Macrocyclic antibiotics as effective chiral selectors for enantiomeric resolution by liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis. Chromatographia 2000. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02490991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|