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Li X, Xu M, Wang Z. Childhood trauma, intraindividual reaction time variability, baseline respiratory sinus arrhythmia, and perceived relapse tendency among males with substance use disorders. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2023; 49:827-838. [PMID: 38078873 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2023.2289006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Background: People with substance use disorders (SUDs) who have experienced serious childhood trauma may have executive function impairments contributing to relapse. Baseline respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) reflects physiological regulation capacity, which has been found to buffer the negative effects of childhood trauma. Baseline RSA has also been found to be related to intraindividual reaction time variability (IIRTV), which is an index of executive function.Objectives: The present study examined the relationship between childhood trauma and perceived relapse tendency, the mediation role of IIRTV, and the moderation role of baseline RSA.Methods: The study is cross-sectional, a total of 110 males with SUDs participated (Mage = 46.45 years, SD = 11.24). The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and Intention to Rehabilitate Questionnaire were used to assess childhood trauma and perceived relapse tendency, the two-choice oddball task was used to measure IIRTV, and electrocardiogram (ECG) data were collected to obtain baseline RSA.Results: IIRTV mediated the relationship between childhood trauma and perceived relapse tendency (Coeff = 0.049, Boot CI [0.004, 0.121]); interaction of childhood trauma and Baseline RSA negatively influences IIRTV (β = -0.208, t = -2.022, p = .046).Conclusion: The results suggest that males with SUDs who have experienced serious childhood trauma may have executive function impairments that contribute to relapse, and baseline RSA may buffer the negative effect of childhood trauma on IIRTV. These findings suggest that the prevention of relapse through cognitive enhancement can be complemented by the enhancement of physiological regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Provincial Key Research Center of Child Mental and Behavioral Health, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengsi Xu
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Provincial Key Research Center of Child Mental and Behavioral Health, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenhong Wang
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Provincial Key Research Center of Child Mental and Behavioral Health, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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Lee S, Kim H, Kong S. Associations between childhood psychological trauma, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and mental health in female college students: Mediation of coping styles. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:1763-1775. [PMID: 34878662 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the associations between childhood psychological trauma, posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), and mental health in adulthood and to identify the mediation of active and passive coping on these associations in Korean female undergraduates. CONCLUSIONS Childhood psychological trauma had a direct association with current mental health in adulthood (β = 0.15, p < 0.001), which was mediated by PTSS (β = 0.34, p < 0.001). Each coping style partially mediated the relationship between (a) childhood psychological trauma and mental health and (b) PTSS and mental health. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS It is necessary to develop nursing interventions to enhance coping strategies in female undergraduates to ensure better mental health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeun Lee
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Heejung Kim
- College of Nursing and Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seongsook Kong
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea
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Herchenroeder L, Norton EO, Hetelekides EM, Raeder CA, Henson JM, Bravo AJ. Delaying Gratification's role in the relationship between facets of mindfulness and substance use outcomes. Addict Behav 2022; 125:107163. [PMID: 34775138 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined whether five facets of mindfulness (acting with awareness, describing, observing, non-judging of inner experience, and non-reactivity to inner experience) relate to alcohol and cannabis outcomes (quantity of use and negative consequences) via delaying gratification. Participants were college students across seven universities who used alcohol (n = 1467) and/or cannabis (n = 647) in the last 30 days. For the alcohol analytic sample, the majority of students identified as being female (71.1%) and reported a mean age of 20.04 (Median = 19.00; SD = 3.47) years. For the cannabis analytic sample, the majority of students identified as being female (69.7%) and reported a mean age of 19.63 (Median = 19.00; SD = 2.85). Within our model, significant indirect effects were only found for two mindfulness facets. Specifically, the indirect effects from acting with awareness (alcohol indirect β = -0.026, SE = 0.006; cannabis indirect β = -0.019, SE = 0.008) and observing (alcohol indirect β = -0.017, SE = 0.005; cannabis indirect β = -0.015, SE = 0.007) to consequences via delaying gratification and quantity were significant for both the alcohol and cannabis models, such that acting with awareness and observing were associated with higher delaying gratification; which in turn was associated with lower quantity of use, which in turn was associated with fewer consequences for both the cannabis and alcohol models. Our findings suggest that delaying gratification is important to understanding the relationship between specific mindfulness facets (i.e., acting with awareness and observing) and alcohol and cannabis outcomes. Mindfulness interventions aimed at reducing substance use may benefit from targeting delaying gratification through increasing acting with awareness and observing.
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Jenzer T, Cheesman AJ, Shaw RJ, Egerton GA, Read JP. Coping Flexibility and Alcohol-Related Outcomes: Examining Coping Motives as Mediators. Subst Use Misuse 2022; 57:2031-2041. [PMID: 36271805 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2022.2125274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Coping has been implicated in the etiology and treatment of problem drinking. Traditional, static measurement of coping styles (e.g., approach, avoidance, social support) may fail to capture how adaptive a given coping style may be. Coping flexibility is an emerging construct, associated with psychological health, and one that may shed light on coping's role in drinking risk. Coping flexibility includes (1) discontinuation of an ineffective coping strategy ("Discontinuation") and (2) production of an alternative strategy ("Implementation"). This study is the first to our knowledge to examine its association to drinking outcomes. Further, because coping deficits are theorized to lead to drinking through coping motives, we also examined mediated pathways from coping flexibility to alcohol outcomes via coping motives. Methods: College students (N = 528) completed an online assessment. Data were analyzed using path analysis. Control variables included sex and coping styles. Results: In path analytic models, Implementation was negatively associated with alcohol use and, indirectly via coping motives, negatively associated with alcohol consequences. The direct effect on alcohol use remained when controlling for coping styles and sex, but the mediational pathway was no longer significant. Conclusions: This study provides some evidence for the protective role of coping flexibility in alcohol use behavior, which may have implications for how best to address coping skills in alcohol interventions. The direct effect of Implementation on drinking suggests that there may be utility in teaching clients a flexible approach to coping in treatment. Replication, particularly with longitudinal designs, is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Jenzer
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health.,Department of Psychology, State University of New York - University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Abigail J Cheesman
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York - University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Rachael J Shaw
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York - University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Gregory A Egerton
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York - University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer P Read
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York - University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
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Trajectories of alcohol use problems based on early adolescent alcohol use: Findings from a 35 year population cohort. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY 2019; 74:18-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Dang DL, Zhang MX, Leong KKH, Wu AMS. The Predictive Value of Emotional Intelligence for Internet Gaming Disorder: A 1-Year Longitudinal Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E2762. [PMID: 31382434 PMCID: PMC6696303 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16152762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This one-year longitudinal study examined trait emotional intelligence as a predictor of Internet gaming disorder (IGD). To date, only cross-sectional research has been conducted to test the protective effects of emotional intelligence against IGD tendency. Based on the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model, this study aimed to address the research gap by examining not only the direct effects of trait emotional intelligence, but also its indirect effects (via depressive symptoms and coping flexibility) on IGD, with both a cross-sectional and longitudinal design. The participants were 282 Chinese university students (mean age = 20.47; 39.4% males) who voluntarily completed an anonymous questionnaire at both baseline (W1) and one-year follow-up (W2). Path analysis results revealed that trait emotional intelligence had a protective but indirect effect on IGD tendency in both our cross-sectional and longitudinal data. Depression was found to have a significant, full mediating effect on the relationship between: (i) trait emotional intelligence and IGD tendency (W2) and (ii) coping flexibility and IGD tendency (W2), after adjusting for IGD tendency at the baseline (W1). Gender invariance of the path coefficient was also observed in the prospective model. This study provided longitudinal evidence to support the I-PACE model. Interventions should address both IGD and depressive symptoms, and school-based workshops to increase emotional intelligence and coping flexibility are also recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Della L Dang
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao, China
- Faculty of Teacher Education, Pingdingshan University, South Weilai Road, Xinhua District, Pingdingshan 467000, Henan, China
| | - Meng Xuan Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Karlas Kin-Hei Leong
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Anise M S Wu
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao, China.
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Boyraz G, Zhu Y, Waits JB. Avoidance coping and academic locus of control as mediators of the relationship between posttraumatic stress and academic achievement among first-year college students. ANXIETY, STRESS, AND COPING 2019; 32:545-558. [PMID: 31272203 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2019.1638681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Posttraumatic stress (PTS) has been found to be associated with poor academic performance among college students. However, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying this relationship is limited to the results of a few recent studies. The present study is aimed at expanding the literature in this area by examining whether avoidance coping and external academic locus of control (LOC) mediate the relationship between PTS and academic achievement among first-year college students. Design: A correlational study design was used. Students completed a quantitative survey in their first semester of college. After they completed their first academic year, we obtained their grade point averages (GPAs) through the university. Method: Participants included 280 first-year college students with a history of potentially traumatic events. Data obtained from these participants were analyzed using path analysis. Results: Two indirect paths from PTS to first-year GPA were significant, suggesting that external academic LOC mediated the effects of both PTS and avoidance coping on first-year GPA. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the interventions that target external academic LOC may help reduce the detrimental effects of PTS on academic achievement among trauma-exposed college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Güler Boyraz
- a Department of Psychology, Pace University , New York , NY , USA
| | - Yixun Zhu
- b Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Louisiana Tech University , Ruston , LA , USA
| | - J Brandon Waits
- b Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Louisiana Tech University , Ruston , LA , USA
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Boyraz G, Granda R. Crossing the Finish Line: The Role of Posttraumatic Stress and Type of Trauma Exposure in College Graduation. JOURNAL OF LOSS & TRAUMA 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/15325024.2018.1512828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Güler Boyraz
- Psychology Department, Pace University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rebecca Granda
- Department of Psychology, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
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