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Ma M, Yang X, Ying X, Shi C, Jia Z, Jia B. Applications of Gas Sensing in Food Quality Detection: A Review. Foods 2023; 12:3966. [PMID: 37959084 PMCID: PMC10648483 DOI: 10.3390/foods12213966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Food products often face the risk of spoilage during processing, storage, and transportation, necessitating the use of rapid and effective technologies for quality assessment. In recent years, gas sensors have gained prominence for their ability to swiftly and sensitively detect gases, making them valuable tools for food quality evaluation. The various gas sensor types, such as metal oxide (MOX), metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors, surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors, colorimetric sensors, and electrochemical sensors, each offer distinct advantages. They hold significant potential for practical applications in food quality monitoring. This review comprehensively covers the progress in gas sensor technology for food quality assessment, outlining their advantages, features, and principles. It also summarizes their applications in detecting volatile gases during the deterioration of aquatic products, meat products, fruit, and vegetables over the past decade. Furthermore, the integration of data analytics and artificial intelligence into gas sensor arrays is discussed, enhancing their adaptability and reliability in diverse food environments and improving food quality assessment efficiency. In conclusion, this paper addresses the multifaceted challenges faced by rapid gas sensor-based food quality detection technologies and suggests potential interdisciplinary solutions and directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minzhen Ma
- Information Technology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (M.M.); (X.Y.); (Z.J.); (B.J.)
- College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, China
| | - Xinting Yang
- Information Technology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (M.M.); (X.Y.); (Z.J.); (B.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Logistics Technology for Agro-Product, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100097, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Agri-Product Quality Traceability, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Xiaoguo Ying
- College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316004, China
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE), Pisa University, Via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Ce Shi
- Information Technology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (M.M.); (X.Y.); (Z.J.); (B.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Logistics Technology for Agro-Product, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100097, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Agri-Product Quality Traceability, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Zhixin Jia
- Information Technology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (M.M.); (X.Y.); (Z.J.); (B.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Logistics Technology for Agro-Product, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100097, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Agri-Product Quality Traceability, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Boce Jia
- Information Technology Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (M.M.); (X.Y.); (Z.J.); (B.J.)
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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Aghili NS, Rasekh M, Karami H, Edriss O, Wilson AD, Ramos J. Aromatic Fingerprints: VOC Analysis with E-Nose and GC-MS for Rapid Detection of Adulteration in Sesame Oil. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:6294. [PMID: 37514589 PMCID: PMC10383484 DOI: 10.3390/s23146294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Food quality assurance is an important field that directly affects public health. The organoleptic aroma of food is of crucial significance to evaluate and confirm food quality and origin. The volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions (detectable aroma) from foods are unique and provide a basis to predict and evaluate food quality. Soybean and corn oils were added to sesame oil (to simulate adulteration) at four different mixture percentages (25-100%) and then chemically analyzed using an experimental 9-sensor metal oxide semiconducting (MOS) electronic nose (e-nose) and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) for comparisons in detecting unadulterated sesame oil controls. GC-MS analysis revealed eleven major VOC components identified within 82-91% of oil samples. Principle component analysis (PCA) and linear detection analysis (LDA) were employed to visualize different levels of adulteration detected by the e-nose. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) and support vector machines (SVMs) were also used for statistical modeling. The sensitivity and specificity obtained for SVM were 0.987 and 0.977, respectively, while these values for the ANN method were 0.949 and 0.953, respectively. E-nose-based technology is a quick and effective method for the detection of sesame oil adulteration due to its simplicity (ease of application), rapid analysis, and accuracy. GC-MS data provided corroborative chemical evidence to show differences in volatile emissions from virgin and adulterated sesame oil samples and the precise VOCs explaining differences in e-nose signature patterns derived from each sample type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Sadat Aghili
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 56199-11367, Iran
| | - Mansour Rasekh
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 56199-11367, Iran
| | - Hamed Karami
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, Knowledge University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Omid Edriss
- Department of Computer, Rafsanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rafsanjan 77181-84483, Iran
| | - Alphus Dan Wilson
- Southern Hardwoods Laboratory, Pathology Department, Center for Forest Health & Disturbance, Forest Genetics & Ecosystems Biology, Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 432 Stoneville Road, Stoneville, MS 38776-0227, USA
| | - Jose Ramos
- College of Computing and Engineering, Nova Southeastern University (NSU), 3301 College Avenue, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314-7796, USA
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Wu K, Debliquy M, Zhang C. Metal-oxide-semiconductor resistive gas sensors for fish freshness detection. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:913-945. [PMID: 36537904 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fish are prone to spoilage and deterioration during processing, storage, or transportation. Therefore, there is a need for rapid and efficient techniques to detect and evaluate fish freshness during different periods or conditions. Gas sensors are increasingly important in the qualitative and quantitative evaluation of high-protein foods, including fish. Among them, metal-oxide-semiconductor resistive (MOSR) sensors with advantages such as low cost, small size, easy integration, and high sensitivity have been extensively studied in the past few years, which gradually show promising practical application prospects. Herein, we take the detection, classification, and assessment of fish freshness as the actual demand, and summarize the physical and chemical changes of fish during the spoilage process, the volatile marker gases released, and their production mechanisms. Then, we introduce the advantages, performance parameters, and working principles of gas sensors, and summarize the MOSR gas sensors aimed at detecting different kinds of volatile marker gases of fish spoiling in the last 5 years. After that, this paper reviews the research and application progress of MOSR gas sensor arrays and electronic nose technology for various odor indicators and fish freshness detection. Finally, this review points out the multifaceted challenges (sampling system, sensing module, and pattern recognition technology) faced by the rapid detection technology of fish freshness based on metal oxide gas sensors, and the potential solutions and development directions are proposed from the view of multidisciplinary intersection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaidi Wu
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Service de Science des Matériaux, Faculté Polytechnique, Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Marc Debliquy
- Service de Science des Matériaux, Faculté Polytechnique, Université de Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Chao Zhang
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Munekata PES, Finardi S, de Souza CK, Meinert C, Pateiro M, Hoffmann TG, Domínguez R, Bertoli SL, Kumar M, Lorenzo JM. Applications of Electronic Nose, Electronic Eye and Electronic Tongue in Quality, Safety and Shelf Life of Meat and Meat Products: A Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:672. [PMID: 36679464 PMCID: PMC9860605 DOI: 10.3390/s23020672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The quality and shelf life of meat and meat products are key factors that are usually evaluated by complex and laborious protocols and intricate sensory methods. Devices with attractive characteristics (fast reading, portability, and relatively low operational costs) that facilitate the measurement of meat and meat products characteristics are of great value. This review aims to provide an overview of the fundamentals of electronic nose (E-nose), eye (E-eye), and tongue (E-tongue), data preprocessing, chemometrics, the application in the evaluation of quality and shelf life of meat and meat products, and advantages and disadvantages related to these electronic systems. E-nose is the most versatile technology among all three electronic systems and comprises applications to distinguish the application of different preservation methods (chilling vs. frozen, for instance), processing conditions (especially temperature and time), detect adulteration (meat from different species), and the monitoring of shelf life. Emerging applications include the detection of pathogenic microorganisms using E-nose. E-tongue is another relevant technology to determine adulteration, processing conditions, and to monitor shelf life. Finally, E-eye has been providing accurate measuring of color evaluation and grade marbling levels in fresh meat. However, advances are necessary to obtain information that are more related to industrial conditions. Advances to include industrial scenarios (cut sorting in continuous processing, for instance) are of great value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo E. S. Munekata
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia N° 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
| | - Sarah Finardi
- Food Preservation & Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Blumenau, 3250 São Paulo St., Blumenau 89030-000, Brazil
| | - Carolina Krebs de Souza
- Food Preservation & Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Blumenau, 3250 São Paulo St., Blumenau 89030-000, Brazil
| | - Caroline Meinert
- Food Preservation & Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Blumenau, 3250 São Paulo St., Blumenau 89030-000, Brazil
| | - Mirian Pateiro
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia N° 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
| | - Tuany Gabriela Hoffmann
- Food Preservation & Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Blumenau, 3250 São Paulo St., Blumenau 89030-000, Brazil
- Department of Horticultural Engineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Rubén Domínguez
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia N° 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
| | - Sávio Leandro Bertoli
- Food Preservation & Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Blumenau, 3250 São Paulo St., Blumenau 89030-000, Brazil
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR–Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - José M. Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia N° 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
- Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, Área de Tecnoloxía dos Alimentos, 32004 Ourense, Spain
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Dynamics of Bacterial Composition and Association with Quality Formation and Biogenic Amines Accumulation during Fish Sauce Spontaneous Fermentation. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0069022. [PMID: 35695487 PMCID: PMC9275223 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00690-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
High-throughput sequencing and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods were used to investigate the influences of microbial dynamics on the quality and biogenic amine (BA) content during fish sauce fermentation. The homogeneity of total viable bacteria and lactic acid bacteria in fish sauce becomes higher as fermentation progresses. Tetragenococcus was the key genus of fish sauce fermentation. Carnobacterium (38.43%) and Lentibacillus (41.01%) were the dominant genera in the samples fermented for 3 months and 18 months, respectively. These three bacterial genera were significantly related to the physicochemical characteristics and characteristic flavors of the sauces. Tetragenococcus was significantly positively correlated with nitrogen oxides, the main characteristic flavor components in fish sauce. The BA content in fish sauce fermentation increased from 106.88 to 376.03 mg/kg, and the content of histamine reached 115.30 mg/kg at the end of fermentation, indicating that fish sauce has health risks. About 66.67% of Lentibacillus isolates were able to produce a large amount of BA, suggesting that Lentibacillus was the key genus for BA accumulation in fish sauce fermentation. Research on reducing the content of BA in fish sauce by intervening with regard to the fermentation temperature showed that a safe fish sauce product could be obtained at the fermentation temperature of about 25°C. These results help us to understand the contribution of microbial community composition to fish sauce fermentation and provide a basis for improving the quality and safety of fermented fish sauce. IMPORTANCE Traditional fermentation of fish sauce is mainly carried out by complex microbial communities from raw anchovies and processing environments. However, it is still unclear how the environmental microbiota influences the quality and the safety of fish sauce products. Therefore, this study comprehensively explained the influence of microorganisms on the quality and safety of fish sauce during the fermentation process in terms of physicochemical characters, flavors, and BA. Additionally, the accumulation of BA in fish sauce fermentation was controlled by intervening in the fermentation temperature. This finding contributes to a deeper understanding of the role of environmental microbiota during fermentation and provides data support for improving the safety of fish sauce.
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Zhang Y, Ma X, Li X, Bi J, Zhang G, Hao H, Hou H. Study on microbial community and physicochemical properties of braised chicken during processing and storage microbial community of braised chicken. J Food Saf 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
- Liaoning Key Lab for Aquatic Processing Quality and Safety Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
| | - Xinxiu Ma
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
- Liaoning Key Lab for Aquatic Processing Quality and Safety Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
| | - Xinyu Li
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
- Liaoning Key Lab for Aquatic Processing Quality and Safety Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
| | - Jingran Bi
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
- Liaoning Key Lab for Aquatic Processing Quality and Safety Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
| | - Gongliang Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
- Liaoning Key Lab for Aquatic Processing Quality and Safety Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
| | - Hongshun Hao
- Liaoning Key Lab for Aquatic Processing Quality and Safety Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
| | - Hongman Hou
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
- Liaoning Key Lab for Aquatic Processing Quality and Safety Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
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Growth simulation of Pseudomonas fluorescens in pork using hyperspectral imaging. Meat Sci 2022; 188:108767. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.108767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Cho WH, Choi JS. Sensory Quality Evaluation of Superheated Steam-Treated Chicken Leg and Breast Meats with a Combination of Marination and Hot Smoking. Foods 2021; 10:1924. [PMID: 34441701 PMCID: PMC8392690 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As the sensory qualities of meat processed using methods such as superheated steam, marination, and hot smoking have not been examined, this study analyzed the sensory quality of chicken meats (leg, breast) and its chemical correlation by determining optimal processing conditions (superheated steam treatment, marination, and hot smoking). Chicken meats were defrosted using room temperature, running tap water, or high-frequency defroster. Marinated meats with herbal extract solution were treated with superheated steam and then hot smoked with wood sawdust; sensory evaluations were performed at each processing step. The products were analyzed for fatty acids and nutrients, along with storage tests under different conditions. High-frequency defrosting showed the lowest drip loss and thawing time compared to other methods. Bay leaves and oak wood were selected as the best sub-materials for higher sensory scores. Optimal superheated steam conditions showed higher overall acceptance (8.86, 8.71) and were set as follows; leg meat (225 °C; 12 min 20 s), breast meat (223 °C; 8 min 40 s). The final meat products possessed good nutritional composition and no severe sensory spoilages were detected during storage despite microbial and chemical degradations. Thus, regular sensory evaluations at each processing step and storage condition were effective for developing superior chicken meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Hee Cho
- Seafood Research Center, Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation, Silla University, Busan 46958, Korea;
| | - Jae-Suk Choi
- Seafood Research Center, Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation, Silla University, Busan 46958, Korea;
- Department of Food Biotechnology, College of Medical and Life Sciences, Silla University, Busan 46958, Korea
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