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Catal T, Liu H, Kilinc B, Yilancioglu K. Extracellular polymeric substances in electroactive biofilms play a crucial role in improving the efficiency of microbial fuel and electrolysis cells. Lett Appl Microbiol 2024; 77:ovae017. [PMID: 38366953 DOI: 10.1093/lambio/ovae017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
In microbial electrochemical cells (MECs), electroactive microbial biofilms can transmit electrons from organic molecules to anodes. To further understand the production of anodic biofilms, it is essential to investigate the composition and distribution of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) in the MECs. In this study, the structure of EPS was examined in microbial electrolysis cells from mixed cultures forming biofilm using carbon fiber fabric anode. EPS was extracted from the anode biofilm of microbial electrolysis cells inoculated with mixed microbial culture. The anode biofilm yielded 0.4 mg of EPS, of which 51.2% was humic substance, 16.2% was protein, 12.6% was carbohydrates, and 20% consisted of undetermined substances. Using epifluorescence microscopy, the composition of bacterial cells and their location inside EPS were studied, and the distribution of microbial communities was compared based on current density results in the presence of various carbohydrates. On the electrode surface, bacteria and EPS gathered or overlapped in various locations can affect microbial electrochemical performance. Our findings showed that EPS formation in electroactive biofilms would be important for enhanced efficiency of electricity- or hydrogen-producing microbial electrolysis cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tunc Catal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Uskudar University, Altunizade 34662, Istanbul, Turkey
- Istanbul Protein Research Application and Inovation Center (PROMER), Uskudar University, 34662 Uskudar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Biological and Ecological Engineering, Oregon State University, 116 Gilmore Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States
| | - Burak Kilinc
- Istanbul Protein Research Application and Inovation Center (PROMER), Uskudar University, 34662 Uskudar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kaan Yilancioglu
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Uskudar University, Altunizade 34662, Istanbul, Turkey
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Kilinc B, Akagunduz D, Ozdemir M, Kul A, Catal T. Hydrogen production using cocaine metabolite in microbial electrolysis cells. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:382. [PMID: 37920191 PMCID: PMC10618128 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03805-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the effects of cocaine metabolite, benzoylecgonine, commonly found in wastewater on hydrogen production were investigated using microbial electrolysis cells. Benzoylecgonine dissolved in synthetic urine and human urine containing benzoylecgonine were inoculated to evaluate hydrogen production performance in microbial electrolysis cells. Microbial electrolysis cells were inoculated with synthetic urine and human urine containing the cocaine metabolite benzoylecgonine for hydrogen gas production performance. Gas production was observed and measured daily by gas chromatography. GC-MS was used to analyze the compounds found in human urine before and after operation in microbial electrolysis cells. The metabolite's pH values and optical density in microbial electrolysis cells were analyzed spectrophotometrically. Hydrogen gas was successfully produced in microbial electrolysis cells (~ 5.5 mL) at the end of the 24th day in the presence of benzoylecgonine in synthetic urine. Human urine containing benzoylecgonine also generated hydrogen in microbial electrolysis cells. In conclusion, microbial electrolysis cells can be used to remove cocaine metabolites from contaminated wastewater generating hydrogen gas. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03805-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Kilinc
- Istanbul Protein Research-Application and Inovation Center (PROMER), Uskudar University, 34662 Uskudar, Istanbul Turkey
| | - Dilan Akagunduz
- Istanbul Protein Research-Application and Inovation Center (PROMER), Uskudar University, 34662 Uskudar, Istanbul Turkey
| | - Murat Ozdemir
- Personalized Medicine Application and Research Center (KIMER), Uskudar University, 34662 Uskudar, Istanbul Turkey
| | - Aykut Kul
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Istanbul University, 34116 Fatih, Istanbul Turkey
| | - Tunc Catal
- Istanbul Protein Research-Application and Inovation Center (PROMER), Uskudar University, 34662 Uskudar, Istanbul Turkey
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Uskudar University, 34662 Uskudar, Istanbul Turkey
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Lee HS, Xin W, Katakojwala R, Venkata Mohan S, Tabish NMD. Microbial electrolysis cells for the production of biohydrogen in dark fermentation - A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127934. [PMID: 36100184 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To assess biohydrogen for future green energy, this review revisited dark fermentation and microbial electrolysis cells (MECs). Hydrogen evolution rate in mesophilic dark fermentation is as high as 192 m3 H2/m3-d, however hydrogen yield is limited. MECs are ideal for improving hydrogen yield from carboxylate accumulated from dark fermentation, whereas hydrogen production rate is too slow in MECs. Hence, improving anode kinetic is very important for realizing MEC biohydrogen. Intracellular electron transfer (IET) and extracellular electron transfer (EET) can limit current density in MECs, which is proportional to hydrogen evolution rate. EET does not limit current density once electrically conductive biofilms are formed on anodes, potentially producing 300 A/m2. Hence, IET kinetics mainly govern current density in MECs. Among parameters associated with IET kinetic, population of anode-respiring bacteria in anode biofilms, biofilm density of active microorganisms, biofilm thickness, and alkalinity are critical for current density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Sool Lee
- KENTECH Institute for Environmental and Climate Technology, Korea Institute of Energy Technology (KENTECH) 200 Hyeoksin-ro, Naju-si, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Wang Xin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Ranaprathap Katakojwala
- Bioengineering and Environmental Engineering Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - S Venkata Mohan
- Bioengineering and Environmental Engineering Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Noori M D Tabish
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcala, Alcala De Henares, Madrid 28801, Spain
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Eloffy MG, Elgarahy AM, Saber AN, Hammad A, El-Sherif DM, Shehata M, Mohsen A, Elwakeel KZ. Biomass-to-sustainable biohydrogen: insights into the production routes, and technical challenges. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2022.100410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Cebecioglu R, Akagunduz D, Catal T. Hydrogen production in single-chamber microbial electrolysis cells using Ponceau S dye. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:27. [PMID: 33442525 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02563-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, Ponceau S dye, which is one of the hazardous dyes found in industrial wastewater, was examined for hydrogen production in single chamber-free membrane-free microbial electrolysis cells at different concentrations (10-40 mg L-1). A gas content analysis (hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and methane) was measured daily using gas chromatography to determine the effects of the Ponceau S on hydrogen production levels. Hydrogen was successfully produced in the presence of Ponceau S dye, but the gas production levels were affected by the concentrations of Ponceau S. The maximum hydrogen production was measured as 18 mL at a concentration level of 20 mg L-1. Decolorization ratios of Ponceau S were in the range of 85-100%. Hydrogen production rates increased in the presence of Ponceau S (20 mg L-1); however, yield (%) of the production decreased when compared to the control group. The percentage of COD removal was 94.78% in the presence of 40 mg L-1 of Ponceau S. In conclusion, hydrogen can be generated using wastewaters contaminated with azo dyes such as Ponceau S, and decolorization of the dye can be achieved, simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumeysa Cebecioglu
- Istanbul Protein Research-Application and Inovation Center (PROMER), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilan Akagunduz
- Istanbul Protein Research-Application and Inovation Center (PROMER), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tunc Catal
- Istanbul Protein Research-Application and Inovation Center (PROMER), Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Uskudar University, 34662 Uskudar, Istanbul, Turkey
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A clean technology to convert sucrose and lignocellulose in microbial electrochemical cells into electricity and hydrogen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Hu K, Xu L, Chen W, Jia SQ, Wang W, Han F. Degradation of organics extracted from dewatered sludge by alkaline pretreatment in microbial electrolysis cell. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:8715-8724. [PMID: 29327185 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1213-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Waste activated sludge in China are mostly subjected to dewatering process before final disposal without stabilization. This study investigated the feasibility of organics degradation and H2 production from non-stabilized dewatered sludge (DS) by microbial electrolysis cells (MECs). Alkaline pretreatment was used to disintegrate sludge matrix and solubilize organic matters in DS. Then, the treatment performance of DS supernatant in a single-chamber MEC at various applied voltages was investigated. The COD (chemical oxygen demand) removal rate increased with increasing voltage, which ranged from 26.35 to 44.92% at 0.5-0.9 V. The average coulombic efficiency was 75.6%, while the cathodic hydrogen recovery was not satisfied (15.56-20.05%) with H2 production rates of 0.027-0.038 m3 H2/(m3 day). The reasons could be ascribed to the complexity of the substrate, H2 loss, and the confinement of configuration in scale-up. The organic matter degradation was influenced by the composition of DS. The carbohydrates could be readily used; meanwhile, the major component of the DS supernatant, i.e. proteins, was difficult to be utilized, which resulted from the low biodegradability of the transphilic fractions during the MEC operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Hu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lan Xu
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo-Qiu Jia
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Hydrology and Water Resources Bureau of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Han
- Hydrology and Water Resources Bureau of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, People's Republic of China
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Catal T, Gover T, Yaman B, Droguetti J, Yilancioglu K. Hydrogen production profiles using furans in microbial electrolysis cells. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 33:115. [PMID: 28488198 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-017-2270-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Microbial electrochemical cells including microbial fuel cells (MFCs) and microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) are novel biotechnological tools that can convert organic substances in wastewater or biomass into electricity or hydrogen. Electroactive microbial biofilms used in this technology have ability to transfer electrons from organic compounds to anodes. Evaluation of biofilm formation on anode is crucial for enhancing our understanding of hydrogen generation in terms of substrate utilization by microorganisms. In this study, furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) were analyzed for hydrogen generation using single chamber membrane-free MECs (17 mL), and anode biofilms were also examined. MECs were inoculated with mixed bacterial culture enriched using chloroethane sulphonate. Hydrogen was succesfully produced in the presence of HMF, but not furfural. MECs generated similar current densities (5.9 and 6 mA/cm2 furfural and HMF, respectively). Biofilm samples obtained on the 24th and 40th day of cultivation using aromatic compounds were evaluated by using epi-fluorescent microscope. Our results show a correlation between biofilm density and hydrogen generation in single chamber MECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tunc Catal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Uskudar University, Uskudar, 34662, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Biotechnology Application and Research Center, Uskudar University, Uskudar, 34662, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Tansu Gover
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Uskudar University, Uskudar, 34662, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bugra Yaman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Uskudar University, Uskudar, 34662, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Jessica Droguetti
- Department of Bioengineering, Uskudar University, Uskudar, 34662, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kaan Yilancioglu
- Department of Bioengineering, Uskudar University, Uskudar, 34662, Istanbul, Turkey
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